贝斯公式

Keywords:Markov chain, the analytic approach of the first step , Bayes formula

用。关键词：马尔可夫链，首步分析法，贝叶斯公式

Bayes Formula probability trees probability theory probability tree method

贝叶斯公式；概率树；概率论；概率树法

This method computes the frequency numbers and point scores through the naive Bayes formula, then the dataset can be analyzed and classified visually by the constructed PSPC.

该方法利用简单贝叶斯公式计算各属性值或属性值区间的频数和点得分，最后根据构建的点得分平行坐标即可进行数据集的可视化分析和未知样本的分类。

Therefore, a new hypergeometric distribution method is proposed for testability estimation and demonstration. Based on hypergeometric distribution, the maximum likelihood estimate method is applied in point estimation, and the Bayes formula is applied for interval estimation, hence a testability demonstration rule is provided.

基于故障检测成功数的超几何分布，利用极大似然法思想研究了RR(上标 FIC指标的点估计方法，利用贝叶斯公式研究了区间估计方法，并给出了测试性验证规则。

Finishing calculation of mean value, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis of Beta distribution.(2) Fitting parameters of many kinds of typical distribution and using residual deviation to evaluate fitting precision.(3) Using Beta distribution as an agreed indication distribution applied to many kinds of practical photoelectric measurement distributions.(4) Deriving theory formula of Bayes point estimation about Beta distribution parameters and mean value and standard deviation on the condition of mean square error loss function and supposed the prior distribution is uniform distribution.(5) Generating MCMC sample from post distribution by the method of Gibbs sample algorithm. Calculating bayes point estimation from sample on the condition of mean square error loss function. Calculating confidence interval by an approximate method to complete interval estimation.

本文的主要工作有：(1)解决了Beta分布参数a和b的精确计算以及均值、标准差、偏度、峰度的计算问题；(2)拟合出10余种典型分布的Beta分布的两个参数，并且采用剩余标准差评价该Beta分布的拟合精度；(3)对多种典型的光学与光电测量系统的测量分布进行了Beta分布统示表示；(4)在假设先验分布为均匀分布前提下，得到参数a和b以及均值μ和标准差σ在均方误差损失函数下的贝叶斯点估计理论计算公式；(5)利用直接抽样的Gibbs抽样算法，从后验分布中产生MCMC样本，从样本直接计算均方误差损失函数下的贝叶斯点估计，并使用一种近似方法计算其置信区间，完成区间估计。

In the basis of Bayes principle, the linearized Zoeppritz equation and convolution model are applied to obtain the posterior probability density of the lithology model.

在贝叶斯原理的基础上，通过Zoeppritz方程简化公式及褶积模型建立反演参数的后验概率模型。

In order to study the propagation of partially coherent modified Bessel-Gaussian beams passing through a paraxial ABCD optical system with hard-edge aperture,the approximate analytical propagation equation was derived with the hard-edged aperture function expanded into a finite sum of complex Gaussian functions.

为了对部分相干修正贝塞尔－高斯光束通过有硬边光阑近轴4BCD光学系统的传输进行研究，采用将硬边光阑窗口函数展开为有限个复高斯函数之和的方法，得到了近似的解析传输公式。

The one order differential model and convolutional model of impedance formula of amplitude versus offset inversion were established. Impedance inversion formula from AVO was derived based on Bayesian framework. Methods of using Huber function as prior model parameter distribution and covariance matrix from well log as constrains were developed. The P-wave impedance, S-wave impedance and density were calculated by the conjugate gradient algorithm.

为此建立了振幅随偏移距变化波阻抗反演公式的一阶差分模型及褶积模型，推导了基于贝叶斯理论的AVO波阻抗反演公式，给出了采用Huber分布作为模型参数的先验分布及测井数据的参数协方差矩阵作为约束条件的实现方法，并利用共轭梯度法计算了纵、横波阻抗及密度。

The contents of the abstract of the short Communication is:"The paper gives a complete differential partition to a Euclidean straight line with a fixed frame, and three axioms for the integral of infinitesimals indexed by real numbers; proves in standard mathematics there are positive infinitesimals outside of real number set; Gives cosmic, macro and micro counterexamples to two axioms in Jordan, Carathéodory, and Lebesgue measure theory; transforms Weierstrass limit into Huang limit, Cantor continuum into Huang continuum, and Newton-Leibniz formula into Huang formula."

这个短的发言的摘要的内容如下："此文对一条确定了固定标架的欧几里德直线给出了完整的微分分拆，并对以实数为标号的无穷小的积分给出了三条公理；在标准数学中证明了在实数集合之外存在正的无穷小；对若当，卡拉特欧多里和勒贝格测度论中的两条公理给出了宇观的，宏观的和微观的反例；将外尔斯特拉斯极限改进为黄氏极限，将康托连续统改进为黄氏连续统，和将牛顿－莱布尼茨公式改进为黄氏公式。"

The contents of the abstract of the short Communication is:"The paper gives a complete differential partition to a Euclidean straight line with a fixed frame, and three axioms for the integral of infinitesimals indexed by real numbers; proves in standard mathematics there are positive infinitesimals outside of real number set; Gives cosmic, macro and micro counterexamples to two axioms in Jordan, Carathéodory, and Lebesgue measure theory; transforms Weierstrass limit into Huang limit, Cantor continuum into Huang continuum, and Newton-Leibniz formula into Huang formula."

这个短的发言的摘要的内容如下：&此文对一条确定了固定标架的欧几里德直线给出了完整的微分分拆，并对以实数为标号的无穷小的积分给出了三条公理；在标准数学中证明了在实数集合之外存在正的无穷小；对若当，卡拉特欧多里和勒贝格测度论中的两条公理给出了宇观的，宏观的和微观的反例；将外尔斯特拉斯极限改进为黄氏极限，将康托连续统改进为黄氏连续统，和将牛顿－莱布尼茨公式改进为黄氏公式。&

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。