象征性的

However,"JueLanCaiWei" still conveys a multiple meaning more extensive than "Absorption" in terms of learning or studying. Zubin's paintings tell what is regarded by him as an empirical or traditional existence has formed a kind of rhetoric to his paintings, for example, a restrained cynicism of the Ming and Qing Dynasty and even the times of the Republic of China or some conceits conjured upon a primitive thinking mode. No matter which it may be, the understanding of "symbolism" and "allegory" frankly shown by Zubin himself is more his interest in some particular drawing method than the outcome of "plucking" the fruitful tradition. Although he delightfully demonstrates an impressive charm of the traditional language indeed, the symbolic or allegoric meaning of his paintings depends not on the language itself but on some inexpressible secrets in his view of life by means of images.

不过， 作为学习立场的表述，"嚼兰采薇"依旧隐约传达出比"吸收"更大的多义性，祖斌的画作证实：那些被他视作经验或传统的存在，已然构成自己作品图式的某些修辞，譬如一种婉约的明清甚至民国时代的玩世情调，或者部分以原始思维模式臆造的奇思妙想，但无论前者或后者，祖斌所坦言的关于"象征"和"寓意"的理解与其说是他咀嚼或采摘的结果，不如说是他感兴趣的图绘手法，尽管他的确津津有味地在作品中展示了那些令人回味的有关传统语汇的魅力，但其作品的象征性和寓意并不取决于语汇自身所指，而是用图像看待生活时许多令他自己也欲辩难言的隐秘所在。

Ralph Ellison nimbly defends the blacks' humanity with his outstanding cultural vision, and his witty use of metaphors in language. He outdid the traditional literature focusing on moralistic propaganda by Mrs. Stowe, and the naturalistic protest fiction centering on hard boiled remonstration and violence by Richard Wright, firstly by speaking highly of the 191 century classic works by such white writers as Melville, Faulkner and Mark Twain, who showed humanistic spirit affirming the blacks' humanity, and secondly by making use of the highly symbolic arid subversive language both to represent negro's humanity and whites' inhumanity, and more importantly by probing into the universal human nature by alluding to the Riddle of the Sphinx, which demonstrates, in a broad sense, the author's humanistic concern for the living dilemma of the contemporary people and also his advocatory tendency to revive the humanistic spirit of the 19th century writers.

拉尔夫埃利森通过对梅尔维尔、福克纳和马克吐温等19世纪美国经典白人作家的作品解读，赞赏了这些作家在肯定黑人人性时表现出的人道主义精神；同时运用高度象征性和颠覆性的语言，展示了黑人的人性，揭示了白人的非人性；并通过"斯芬克斯之谜"典故的阐释，对普遍意义上的人性作了探讨，体现了作者对所有现代人的生存困境的关注，从而超越了以斯陀夫人小说为代表的注重道义宣传的传统文学，以及以理查德赖特的创作为代表的注重态度强硬的抗议与暴力表达的自然主义文学，体现出回归与提升19世纪人文主义作家人道主义精神的创作倾向。

Ralph Ellison nimbly defends the blacks' humanity with his outstanding cultural vision, and his witty use of metaphors in language. He outdid the traditional literature focusing on moralistic propaganda by Mrs. Stowe, and the naturalistic protest fiction centering on hard boiled remonstration and violence by Richard Wright, firstly by speaking highly of the 191 century classic works by such white writers as Melville, Faulkner and Mark Twain, who showed humanistic spirit affirming the blacks' humanity, and secondly by making use of the highly symbolic arid subversive language both to represent negro's humanity and whites' inhumanity, and more importantly by probing into the universal human nature by alluding to the Riddle of the Sphinx, which demonstrates, in a broad sense, the author's humanistic concern for the living dilemma of the contemporary people and also his advocatory tendency to revive the humanistic spirit of the 19th century writers.

拉尔夫埃利森通过对梅尔维尔、福克纳和马克吐温等19世纪美国经典白人作家的作品解读，赞赏了这些作家在肯定黑人人性时表现出的人道主义精神；同时运用高度象征性和颠覆性的语言，展示了黑人的人性，揭示了白人的非人性；并通过&斯芬克斯之谜&典故的阐释，对普遍意义上的人性作了探讨，体现了作者对所有现代人的生存困境的关注，从而超越了以斯陀夫人小说为代表的注重道义宣传的传统文学，以及以理查德赖特的创作为代表的注重态度强硬的抗议与暴力表达的自然主义文学，体现出回归与提升19世纪人文主义作家人道主义精神的创作倾向。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。