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During the process of long-time adaptive evolution, wetland plants adopted a series of special strategies to acclimate to salt stress. The main strategies are: 1 life history adjustment, e. g., to adjust seed germination time, implement seed dormancy and viviparity, and change reproductive manner to escape from direct salt stress, 2 morphological adjustment, e. g., to adjust biomass allocation pattern, age stem, defoliate, and carnify vegetative organs to isolate the redundant Na(superscript +) to the inactive-metabolism shoots or exclude the Na(superscript +)from tissues; 3 anatomic adjustment, e. g., to sink stoma, develop aerenchyma, and thicken cuticle and phellogen to maintain normal photosynthesis and respiration; 4 physiological and biochemical adjustment, e. g., to exclude and excrete salt, compartmentalize ions, adjust osmosis, do selective absorption, regulate hormones, and induce antioxidative enzymes to maintain the osmotic equilibrium and eliminate the active oxygen in cell; and 5 molecular level adjustment, e. g., to start up many salt-induced genes to regulate the metabolic responses to salt stress.

在长期的适应进化过程中,湿地植物形成了多种适应盐胁迫的策略,主要有:1生活史方面,植物可通过种子萌发时间的调整、种子体眠、胎生、繁殖方式的改变等逃避盐度的直接伤害;2形态学方面,植物可通过生物量分配模式的调整、茎的老化、落叶及营养器官的肉质化等将多余的Na隔离到代谢不活跃的茎中或将其排出体外;3解剖学方面,植物可通过气孔下陷、发达的通气组织、增加细胞木栓层、角质层及栅栏组织的厚度等以维持植物正常的光合作用和呼吸作用;4生理生化方面,植物可通过离子区隔化、拒盐、泌盐、选择性吸收、渗透调节、激素调节及抗氧化物酶的诱导等来维持细胞内正常的渗透压,清除胞内活性氧分子;5分子水平方面,植物可通过多种与盐胁迫相关的基因来调控细胞内的多种代谢反应。

The main results are shown as follows:1.Screening freezing tolerant cultivars and lines of chrysanthemumTwenty seven lines of chrysanthemum grown outdoors were screened using \'injury rate\' and \'injury index\'.There were 7 cultivars and lines,which were relatively high tolerant to freezing treatment,i.e.,\'Jinbuhuan\',\'Xuetao\',\'Fuli\',\'Donglin 4\',\'Donglin 6\',\'Donglin 9\', and \'Donglin 13\'.There were 3 cultivars and lines,which were less tolerant,i.e.,\'Fenmeigui\', \'Donglin 1\',and \'Donglin 2\';The determination of electrolyte leakage,and contents of free proline,MDA,CAT,fructose,glucose and soluble sugars on 7 lines of chrysanthemums at different stages freezing showed that \'Xuetao\' and \'Donglin 4\' were more tolerant than others, and that especially \'Donglin 4\' was able to regulate its osmotic pathway to alleviate the \'injury degree\' caused by freezing conditions.2.Protein expression profile of chrysanthemum under low temperature stressTwo-dimensional liquid chromatography was applied to fractionate and analyze total protein taken from \'Donglin 4\' leaves grown at low temperature and at normal condition. Chromatography peaks of fraction were transformed to gel graph by ProteoVue software.

主要研究结果如下:1、露地菊抗冻品种和品系的筛选利用受伤率和伤害指数两项指标对27个露地菊品系进行耐低温筛选,筛选出'金不换\'、'雪涛\'、'富丽\'、'东林4号\'、'东林6号\'、'东林9号\'、'东林13号\'等7个耐低温品系,同时发现'粉玫瑰\'、'东林1号\'、'东林2号\'三个品系的耐低温能力最差;通过对不同自然低温处理时期,7个品系的电导率、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量、过氧化氢酶、果糖、葡萄糖和可溶性糖等指标的测定发现,'雪涛\'和'东林4号\'的耐低温能力要强于其它品系,尤其是'东林4号\'对低温的调节能力较强,在低温胁迫下,能够调节渗透途径减轻低温的伤害。2、低温胁迫下,露地菊蛋白质表达谱分析利用二维液相色谱技术,分离了'东林4号\'露地菊品系的低温处理和对照样品的总蛋白,通过ProteoVue软件分析发现:处理样品与对照相比共有蛋白差异点36个,其中显著增强表达的蛋白差异点有26个。

A centroid adjustment method is presented which can maintain the horizontal pose robot body when one arm is hung on the overhead ground lines. The balance weight is moved by the servo motor according to the angle of inclination between the inspection robot body and the horizontal plane, which can be checked by the obliquitous sensor, so that the centroid position of inspection robot is concentrated on the arm that is hung on the overhead ground lines. Because the body of inspection robot is kept in horizontal pose, the other arm can accomplish corresponding task for attaching to or detaching from the overhead ground lines.

本文提出了一种质心调节方法,利用倾角传感器测量机器人车体与水平面之间的倾角,从而控制配重块移动电机的运动,将机器人的质心调节到悬挂于架空地线上的那只手臂上,因此能保证机器人车体保持水平姿态,确保需要脱线或上线的手臂完成相应的动作。

The dimmer control circuit comprises: three-end bidirectional controllable silicon switch element, comprising grid and turned on by trigger signal of the grid, connecting to AC power supply through lamp load; and a first variable resistor, possessing adjustable resistance and regulating lamp brightness by following modes: changing resistance value of the first variable resistor, changing phase of the trigger signal corresponding to AC voltage waveform, prolonging or shortening turning-on time bucket of three-end bidirectional controllable silicon switch element, thereby changing current provided to the lamp load.

一种调光器及调光控制电路,该调光控制电路包括:三端双向可控硅开关元件,其通过灯负载连接到交流电源,其中,三端双向可控硅开关元件具有栅极,并且由输入到所述栅极的触发信号开启;以及第一可变电阻器,其具有可调节的电阻值,其中,通过以下方式来调节灯负载的亮度:改变第一可变电阻器的电阻值,改变所述触发信号相对于交流电压波形的相位,延长或缩短所述三端双向可控硅开关元件的开启时间段,从而改变了提供给所述灯负载的电流。

Before fissuration, osmotic adjustment occurred by the addition of solute to cells and decreasing the loss of water in the body, so that it could maintain normal turgor pressure during drought. After fissurate growth, turgor pressure was maintained by higher cell and tissue elasticity lower ε(superscript max and by osmotic adjustment for normal plant development in dry conditions and to avoid dehydration under water stress during the drought period, but it also became more sensitive to water stress. The ability to maintain turgor pressure varied from strong to weak during the period before, during and after fissuration. Fissurate growth decreased the ability of P. mongolica to maintain turgor pressure and led to changes in walls related to drought tolerance.

结果表明:1未劈裂绵刺主要通过增加细胞内溶质,减少细胞内的水分丧失来进行渗透调节,从而在干旱胁迫下能够维持正常的膨压。2己劈裂绵刺通过渗透调节和高的组织弹性两条途径来共同保持膨压,以抵抗不良的生存环境;同时对环境水分胁迫具有较高的敏感性。33种状态绵刺保持膨压的能力由强到弱依次为:未劈裂绵刺、正在劈裂绵刺、已劈裂绵刺。4劈裂的发生导致绵刺保持膨压能力的降低,同时耐旱方式和途径发生了变化。

Recent studies onfish revealed the neuroendocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis.

近年来,我们和其他学者对鱼类生长和生殖的神经内分泌调节的相互作用进行了研究,主要的进展是:①在促进性腺的激素影响生长方面,发现促性腺激素释放激素和多巴胺都能和脑垂体生长激素细胞的特异性受体结合而刺激生长激素释放,并能提高生长速率;而性类固醇激素能调节脑垂体生长激素的分泌活动。

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of mPGES-2 protein in mouse oviduct during the early pregnancy, pseudopregnancy, and estrous cycle by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The regulation of mPGES-2 protein in mouse oviducts was also studied under delayed implantation, steroid hormonal treatments and oviductal ligation.

本实验主要利用早期妊娠、假孕、输卵管结扎、发情周期、激素调节以及延迟着床等实验模型,结合免疫组织化学和Western blot 的实验方法,详细研究了mPGES-2 蛋白在小鼠输卵管中的表达与调节。mPGES-2 蛋白主要定位于不同时期的伞部和壶腹部的上皮纤毛细胞中,在伞部和壶腹部肌层以及峡部和宫管连接处的上皮和肌层中未检测到mPGES-2 蛋白的表达。

Lund concept-to decrease the intracranial volume by the way of promoting the re-absorption of interstitial fluid in blood capillary bed-has been systematically studied too. But the investigation about cerebral vein system-the biggest blood storeroom-was less reported to review relative literatures. We carried out the pilot experiments to describe brain bridging veins in porcine and underlaid deeper research about human brain bridging veins by initially approaching possible ICP regulation mechanism.

动脉血容量反映了脑组织的灌注,在一定范围内自动调节维持颅内压的平衡,在此调节机制中发挥作用的动脉血流动力学的改变也已被深入的研究和描述,通过促进毛细血管对组织间液的重吸收进而减少颅内容物体积的&Lund&概念也得到较深入的研究,而涉及颅内最大的血液贮存库-脑静脉系统的研究较少,文献报道也较少。

And the inside factors in plant are ruling on the portioning of photoassimilate, and that the influence of outer factors is small.

一定意义上,从更低的、更具有机理性的层次上解释了植物体中的同化物输导系统维管束所具有的性质能根据环境中水分的变化调节同化物分配模式,进而动态调节根冠间的功能联系,朝向平衡的方向发展变化。

In succession, by using of the simulative program under various running conditions, we studies the different effects that various parameters on the dynamic current-collecting such as running speed, span length, ocs tension force, masses of pantograph head and framework, damping capacity and stiffness etc. Moreover, measures are suggested to improve the quality of current-collecting, especially the idea of active control scheme, which restains the fluctuation of contact force by modulating the air pressure of pantographs airbag.

利用弓网仿真程序对各种工况的弓网受流进行模拟仿真,分别研究了列车运行速度、接触网跨距、接触线张力以及受电弓弓头和框架质量、阻尼、刚度等对弓网系统受流的影响,提出通过主动控制技术对弓网系统的振动进行抑制的气囊调节方法,将受电弓气囊的气压值作为控制对象,通过对气囊气压的调节来抑制弓网接触压力的波动。

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The objective is to subjugate and discourage the people, because that allows the elite to continue to rule unopposed.

其目的是压制和打击人民的积极性,因为这可以让实权派继续统治不会沦为反对派。

GOD,this is the second time you vanquished me!

天啊,这是第二次你打败了我!

So a kind of strong antagonism permeated in the relations of two countries.

所以两国这一时期的政治关系始终弥漫着一种强烈的对抗情绪。