课税

The important part of British financial and tax law was the birth of parliament and acquirement of taxation power.

这一时期对英国财税法发展至关重要的内容是议会的产生及其课税权的取得。

Affiliate marketing has been known to be cost-efficient, assessable method of conveying long-term results.

联属网络营销已被公认是具有成本效益，传达的长期结果课税的方法。

Based on the inquiry of the resources of state's taxation power,it can be seen that to constitutionalize the taxation is the means to make it legal.

在对国家课税权探源的基础上，提出了课税合法化的路径——税收立宪，强调国家课税权的权力与权利的双重性质，并探讨了对国家课税权的制约和保障。

First, on the basis of the theory of fairness and efficiency in tax, expense deducting is analyzed referring to the juristic principle, which provides theoretical basis and reference for the adjustment in expense deducting system. Second, by the method of induction and comparing, the author analyzes and introduces the expense deducting system in other countries or regions. Third, defects which exist in current expense deducting system of individual income tax are demonstrated. At last, connected to the reform of patterns of individual income tax, relative suggestions regarding to the adjustment of expense deducting system in our country are put forward, which is adopting mixed tax jurisdiction. The two patterns of family tax and individual tax exist at the same time and family tax should be prevailing. These two patterns can be chosen by taxpayer voluntarily. Referring to the methods in other countries and regions, the items and standard of expense deducting of individual income tax should be improved.

首先以税收的公平和效率理论为基础，结合税收扣除的法律原则，对费用扣除进行分析，为我国的费用扣除制度调整提供了理论依据及参考；其次，运用归纳比较的方法，对国外的费用扣除制度进行了分析介绍；再次，论证了我国现行个人所得税费用扣除制度存在的缺陷；最后，本文结合个税税制模式的改革，提出调整我国费用扣除制度的相关建议：实行混合制；选择家庭课税和个人课税并存的模式，以家庭课税为主，由纳税人纳税时自愿选择；参考国外的做法，完善个人所得税费用扣除项目及标准。

Such inputs are used"too little"in taxed activities and"too much"in untaxed activities.

这类投入品在课税活动中被使用得"太少"，而在不课税活动中被使用得"太多"。

The effect of tax rates on tax revenues depends on the responsiveness of labor supply to changes in tax rates and on the extent of substitution between taxable and nontaxable forms of income..

税率对税收收入的影响，取决于个人行为对税率变动地反应，以及课税所得形式和不课税所得形式间地替代程度。

And the spirit of the rules is easily broken, by casting taxable foreign income and capital gains as untaxable foreign capital.

把要课税的国外收入和资本增长定为无需课税的国外资本，这将无疑打破政策的宗旨。

Also according this ability-to-pay principle the minimum of existence has been guarantied to be tax exemption.

依据量能课税原则，维持个人生存之最低需求不得予以课税，但未必对於所得必须采取累进税率之方式课税。

The parameters of the UNIQUAC equation for completely miscible pairs (PO-PA, PO-DCP, and PA-DCP), were calculated from the isobaric t x data by the minimisation of the objective function F: using the maximum likelihood method.

参数的UNIQUAC方程为完全互溶双（保坝，蒲应课税品许可证，并坝应课税品许可证），分别计算出等压的TX数据所减少的目标函数f：利用最大似然法。

We mainly employ the theory of new institutionaleconomics to testify the objectivity and protracted nature of the institutionalevolution and the significant meanings to China's economic reform. We alsoemploy Berkson-samuelson's social welfare function to testify the existence ofoptimal tax reform, and with improving Hettich-Winer's tax model, we putforward the route choice for the optimal tax reform.

主要用新制度经济学理论论证了制度变迁的客观性、长期性及对中国经济改革的重要意义，用柏格逊--萨缪尔森型社会福利函数论证了最优税制改革的存在性定理，借鉴和改善赫蒂奇和温纳的税制模型提出了最优税制改革的路径选择，同时介绍和评价了公平课税论、最适课税论和财政交换论，为深化我国税制改革奠定了理论基础。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。