诱导物

Separated maturated embryos of Podophyllum hexandrum royle were cultured on the Murashige-Skoog medium supplemented with different hormones and addictives and other treatments in order to obtain seedlings and callus.

以MS为基本培养基，通过添加不同激素和附加物等措施对桃儿七种子成熟胚进行了无菌苗和愈伤组织诱导初步研究。

Transgenic tobacco plants were obtained through screening with kanamycin. The transgenic tobacco plants could delay TMV infection for about 25 days compared with non-transgenic tobacco plants. Pokeweed antiviral protein Ⅱ is expressed with high level in summer leaves. The expression of PAPⅡ is regulated by season. The total RNA was extracted from pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) leaves in summer using the method of TRIzol and used as template to amplify the PAPⅡ gene by RT-PCR and then the gene was cloned into E. coli expression vector and secreted expression pPIC9K vector. The two vectors with PAPⅡ gene were then transferred into E. coli strain BL21 (DE3)-plysS and Pachia pastoris GS115 strain respectively. The specific protein was produced induced by IPTG and methanol.

由于美洲商陆抗病毒蛋白Ⅱ是一个受季节调控表达的蛋白，本实验以美洲商陆夏季叶片为材料，通过对其总RNA的提取、反转录、并用PAPⅡ的特异引物进行PCR扩增，对PAPⅡ进行了基因克隆、序列分析，结果扩增出来的PAPⅡ基因与已经报道的序列同源性是99.9％，然后将该基因构建到原核、真核表达载体上，分别转化了大肠杆菌和毕赤酵母并对它们进行了诱导表达，在两个表达系统中均获得了有活性的PAPⅡ表达蛋白，体外生物测定表明表达的蛋白均具有抑制病毒的活性，PAPⅡ基因在酵母中还没有表达的报道，这为获得具活性PAPⅡ蛋白提供了一种简便可行的方法。

The transgenic tobacco plants could delay TMV infection for about 25 days compared with non-transgenic tobacco plants.Pokeweed antiviral protein II is expressed with high level in summer leaves. The expression of PAPII is regulated by season. The total RNA was extracted from pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) leaves in summer using the method of TRIzol and used as template to amplify the PAPII gene by RT-PCR and then the gene was cloned into E.coli expression vector and secreted expression pPIC9K vector. The two vectors with PAPII gene were then transferred into E.coli strain BL21 (DE3)-plysS and Pachia pastor is GS115 strain respectively. The specific protein was produced induced by IPTG and methanol.

由于美洲商陆抗病毒蛋白Ⅱ是一个受季节调控表达的蛋白，本实验以美洲商陆夏季叶片为材料，通过对其总RNA的提取、反转录、并用PAPⅡ的特异引物进行PCR扩增，对PAPⅡ进行了基因克隆、序列分析，结果扩增出来的PAPⅡ基因与已经报道的序列同源性是99.9％，然后将该基因构建到原核、真核表达载体上，分别转化了大肠杆菌和毕赤酵母并对它们进行了诱导表达，在两个表达系统中均获得了有活性的PAPⅡ表达蛋白，体外生物测定表明表达的蛋白均具有抑制病毒的活性，PAPⅡ基因在酵母中还没有表达的报道，这为获得具活性PAPⅡ蛋白提供了一种简便可行的方法。

The best understood form of long-term potentiation is induced by the activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex.

了解长期增益作用的最佳方式是通过诱导N-甲基天冬氨酸受体复合物。

Methods HBV DNA was extracted from the serum of patient with hepatitis B. The X gene was amplified by PCR using the primers with EcoRI and HindⅢ digestion sites, and then cloned into pronucleus expression vector pMAL-C2X, which was detected by EcoRI and HindⅢ digestion and sequence.

从乙肝病人血清中提取HBV DNA；以带有EcoRI和HindⅢ酶切位点的引物，用PCR方法扩增X基因；而后定向克隆到原核表达载体pMAL-C2X上，经酶切鉴定和序列分析；以IPTG诱导X融合蛋白的表达。

In order to study the best ferment conditions of Rhizopus arrhizu and to examine the content and income rate of γ-Linolenic Acid,the liquid fermentation technique was used to induce Rhizopus arrhizu by adding GLA prosoma and orthogonal tests.

采用添加GLA前体物的方法，通过正交试验、利用液体发酵技术对少根根霉进行诱导，研究其产生γ-亚麻酸的最佳发酵条件，检测γ-亚麻酸的含量及收率。

The structure and function of PSI are studied in this paper.

为了进一步阐明PSI的结构和功能，本论文分别研究了热对PSI的影响和光诱导的PSI核心复合物的积累过程： 1。

No xylanase activity was found when the culture was carried out without xylan in the medium or with the saccharose as the only carbon source in the medium. Xylose inhibited the xylanase production.

发酵培养基中不含木聚糖时，米曲霉RIB128不产生木聚糖酶，蔗糖为底物时也不产生木聚糖酶，葡萄糖可以诱导产生少量木聚糖酶，木糖则抑制木聚糖酶的产生。

The objective of this study is to picture the signal tranduction pathway of apoptosis induced by MC so as to further investigate the impact of MC on transcription, expression and regulation of apoptosis gene and the related biological effects; illustrate the toxicological mechanism of MC; as well as discover the new biomarkers invovled.

本研究工作的目的是通过功能基因组分析的技术平台，探讨微囊藻毒素诱导肝组织细胞凋亡的信号转导通路，以便在此基础上，进一步深入研究该毒素对凋亡功能基因在转录、表达、调控水平上的影响，及由此引发的生物学效应；揭示微囊藻毒素的凋亡毒理机制，同时发现新的生物标记物。

Structural model based on SAXS patterns and TEM images shows that the ordered mesostructure consists of 8 large and 16 small caged pores, of which 8 large cages are arranged tetrahedrally on a diamond-like lattice.

第三章采用水溶性resol型酚醛树脂预聚体与反相三嵌段共聚物PPO-PEO-PPO R1PO_(53EO_(136)PO_(53)体系，通过溶剂挥发诱导自组装过程，首次合成出金刚石面心立方(Fd3m)结构的有序介孔碳材料。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。