诱导地

The experiment result showed that the highest content of oleuropein was in the flower,On the basis of more than 300 times of experiments and more than 2000 test samples of data determination in this thesis, we gained the achievements in the following:1. The establishment of callus culture system and the suspension cell culture system of Syringa pubescens Turcz.

建立了小叶丁香的愈伤组织培养体系和悬浮细胞培养体系首次选择小叶丁香的叶片、叶芽和嫩茎等不同部位作为外植体，利用植物组织培养技术，在添加相应的植物生长调节剂的LS、MS等培养基上成功地诱导产生出愈伤组织，其中叶片最容易诱导产生愈伤组织，其次为芽和嫩茎。

DCs acquired by our reformed methods express both CD83 and CD 14 molecules highly, and have a higher density than other domestic reports. The higher TNF in DCs culture medium of HC patient suggests DCs in patient still have antigen presenting ability and by optimization the culture medium would improve its presenting ability and have a potential value in design and application individual vaccine. Although antigens pulsed DCs have a decrescent antigen presenting ability but BCG HSP70 could induce its mature and improve its presenting ability. Suggests BCG HSP70 would be a useful mature inducer. Lymphocytes primed by DCs based HC vaccine have the specific cytotoxicity against HCC lines. The CTL after freezing and anabiotic could prophylaxis and therapy HC xenograft on nude mouse. The results also suggests that CD4〓 lymphocytes play a important role in HC with a good differentiation and would be useful in treatment this kind of HC. After being activated by Peptide LLNQHACAV of hAFP and apoptotic HCCs pulsed DCs respectively, the culture medium of activated lymphocytes both contains a high level Th1 cytokines IL-12 and TNF. Primed lymphocytes appeared a characteristic of NK cells. DCs not only inhibited the growth of human HCC and other cancer cells in vitro but also prevented the growth of HC xenograft on nude mouse in vivo. There are at least three kinds of mechanism playing important role in DC based vaccine ,there are inhibition of DCs, HC specific CTL and cytokines pathway.

诱导出的DC共同表达CD83和CD14分子，CD83分子表达明显高于国内报道；肝癌患者DC培养上清中TNF水平高于健康人，提示肝癌患者DC仍具一定的抗原呈递能力，适当调控可使其行使APC功能，以期在肝癌个体化疫苗中发挥作用；DC负载肝癌可溶性抗原后，抗原呈递能力降低，BCG HSP70可促进DC成熟，增加其抗原呈递能力，预示BCG HSP70有可能成为促进DC活化和成熟的另一重要分子；肝癌DC疫苗在体外诱导肝癌特异性淋巴细胞，活化的淋巴细胞在体外对肝癌细胞的杀伤以特异性CTL为主，同时分泌较高水平Th1型细胞因子IL-12和TNF，并抑制4种肝癌细胞生长；冷冻复苏后的肝癌特异性淋巴细胞可以预防和抑制人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤，提示DC负载肝癌可溶性抗原后诱发的MHC-Ⅱ类限制性CD4〓T细胞有可能在分化程度高的肝癌治疗中发挥作用；用DC和HLA-A2〓DC分别负载凋亡肝癌细胞和hAFP218-226位LLNQHACAV HLA-A2限制性九肽，在体外诱导肝癌特异性淋巴细胞，活化后的CTL细胞分泌较高水平的Th1型细胞因子IL-12和TNF，并具较强杀伤活性，此CTL同时具备NK细胞特征；DC对肿瘤细胞的抑制作用可能是通过吞噬实现的，Fas-L在DC抑制中也起一定作用；DC对人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤的抑制率为97％；在肝癌DC疫苗的作用中，至少联合3种以上机制，即通过DC的直接作用、肝癌特异性CTL和细胞因子途径直接或间接地杀伤和抑制肝癌细胞。

The first passage of YS-MSCs which grew in good condition was obtained, and adipogenic differentiation of YS-MSCs was induced by dexamethasone and insulin, and angioblast was induced by vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor.

取生长状态良好的第1代细胞，以地塞米松、胰岛素定向诱导卵黄囊间充质干细胞向脂肪细胞方向分化；以血管内皮生长因子和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子体外诱导其向血管内皮细胞方向分化。

Methods Autologous BMMSC of New Zealand rabbits were acquired and induced into chondrogenic differentiation by adding transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), dexamethasane and ascorbic acid in vitro. Then the chondrocytes were implanted onto novel polymeric scaffolds made by Poly (dl-lactide-co-glycolide) embedding with chitosan nonwoven cloth. The tissue engineering cartilaginous grafts composed of chondrogenetic BMMSC/scaffolds were finally transplanted into the defects of ear cartilage in rabbits of the experimental group.

取新西兰大白兔BMMSC体外培养扩增，以含转化生长因子(TGF-β1)、地塞米松和维生素C的培养液做诱导培养，实验组以诱导后的软骨细胞与聚丙交酯－乙交酯共聚物Poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide)包埋甲壳胺无纺布的新型支架形成复合物修复兔自体耳廓软骨缺损；对照组以PLGA/甲壳胺无纺布支架修复兔耳廓软骨缺损。

Diospyros kaki Thunb cv.Fuyu and Jiro are Japanese persimmon varieties. Dormant buds taken from persimmon trees, as in vitro explants materials, were set up successfully. New shoots were attained. Callus was induced and adventitious buds were differentiated from leaves and roots of tissue cultures; new shoots propagation and shoots rooting were studied in different basal medium added different hormones.

本研究以甜柿品种富有柿与次郎柿为材料，系统地研究了两品种的组培快繁、组培苗叶片和根段的不定芽再生、愈伤组织的诱导和不定芽的分化、不定根的诱导等技术，以期为柿果的转基因技术奠定基础，同时也为富有柿与次郎柿苗木的快速繁殖提供技术依据。

The adhesion test showed that small intestinal epithelium cells of 30-35-day-old postweaning piglets with both genotype M307~ and M307~ could adhere to the standard E.coli strain express F18ab fimbriae, the recombinant E.coli express F18ac rE.coli1534 and the recombinant pnirBMisL-fedF E.coli displaying FedF subunit on the surface of E.coli, but small intestinal epithelium cells with genotype M307~ and 3-day-old piglet could not adhere to the three kinds of bacteria descried above, the latter with good adherence capability of 987P fimbrial E.coli.

9仔猪小肠上皮细胞的黏附试验结果显示，30～35日龄M307~基因型和M307~基因型断奶仔猪的小肠上皮细胞均能与表达F18ab菌毛标准菌株107／86、诱导表达F18ac菌毛的重组大肠杆菌rE.coli1534及诱导菌体表面展示表达F18黏附亚单位FedF的重组大肠杆菌pnirBMisL-fedF发生黏附作用，而同日龄M307~基因型断奶仔猪的小肠上皮细胞均不能与上述三株大肠杆菌发生黏附作用。3日龄易感仔猪小肠上皮细胞也不能黏附上述三株大肠杆菌，但可以很好地黏附表达于987P菌毛的大肠杆菌。

First passage of human amniotic epithelial cells were inoculated at a density of 1×108/L and cultured in medium containing fetal bovine serum of 0.1 volume fraction, 100 nmol/L dexamethasone, 50 mg/L ascorbic acid and 5 mmol/L β-glycerophosphate.

取第1代人羊膜上皮细胞，设立两组：诱导组以1×108 L-1密度接种于培养皿内，24 h后更换为含体积分数为0.1的胎牛血清、 100 nmol/L地塞米松、50 mg/L抗坏血酸、5 mmol/Lβ-甘油磷酸的诱导培养液。

Methods:The subcutaneous adipose tissue was obtained from the fold inguen of four SD rats, then digested with collagenase type Ⅰ and cultured in endothelial medium for seven days.

获取4只雄性SD大鼠鼠蹊部皮下脂肪，通过机械分割和组织消化法获取脂肪基质细胞，在内皮细胞培养液中培养7d后，经免疫细胞化学及透射电镜鉴定证实95%以上细胞已具内皮细胞表型特征，再将这些细胞进行成脂(DMEM/F-12培养基内加入0.5mmol/L1-甲基-3-异丁基-黄嘌呤，1μmol/L地塞米松，10μmol/L胰岛素，200μmol/L吲哚美星)定向诱导7d，形态学观察和油红O特殊染色鉴定诱导后的细胞。

We also demonstrate that BH3-only protein Noxa is upregulated during Camptothecin-induced apoptosis, which is independent of p53. In addition, we show that PI3k/Akt signaling pathway is responsible for Noxa\'s induction.

更重要的是，用RNAi的方法将Noxa的蛋白水平抑制之后可以显著地抑制CPT诱导的细胞凋亡，暗示Noxa在CPT诱导细胞凋亡的过程中起着非常重要的作用。

Using whole-cell patch clamp recording, we observed multiple distinct ATPinduced currents in isolated DRG neurons of adult rats, each with unique desensitizing kinetics.β,γ-meATP, agonist of P2X1 receptor also induced fast inactivating and slowly desensitization current in small DRG neurons. PDBu, a selective agonist for PKC, decreased the P2X receptor-mediated inward currents in a dose-dependent manner, while SNP, nitric oxide donor, potentiated the ATP-evoked current through NO-cGMP pathway.

全细胞膜片钳记录观察到，在成年鼠离体DRG伤害性感受相关的小直径神经元上，ATP可诱导出多种具不同反应型式及脱敏动力学的由P2X受体介导的内向流；P2X1受体激动剂β，γ-meATP亦可诱导出快脱敏及慢脱敏两种型式的内向流；PKC激动剂可剂量依赖地削弱P2X受体介导的内向流，而NO供体硝普钠可通过NO-cGMP通途显著易化ATP介导的内向流。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。