误差因素

With the establishmentof the equivalent medium model, RTM-DRE was applied to study radiative transfer intransparent medium with scattering particles. By taking into account of absorption andscatter of particles, absorption of binder and reflection of interface, the apparent spectrumabsorption model of thermal control coatings was developed by RTM-DRE combined withMies theory. Validity, computational error and time of the model were validated andanalyzed. Furthermore, the apparent spectrum absorption characteristics of thermal controlcoatings were studied, and the influences of optical characteristics of binder and particles,volume fraction of particles, particles diameter, characteristics of interface, and incidentangle of irradiance were analyzed.

采用RTM-DRE研究热控涂层内辐射传递，结合Mie氏散射理论，考虑粒子吸收与散射、基料吸收、界面反射等因素影响，建立热控涂层表观光谱吸收率计算模型，验证计算模型的正确性，分析计算模型的计算误差与计算时间；在此基础上，通过计算热控涂层表观光谱吸收率来研究热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性，分析基料与粒子光学特性、粒子体积份额、粒径、界面反射特性、辐射能量入射角等因素的影响，初步研究空间环境因素对热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性的影响，采用系统灵敏度理论定量分析热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性变化对卫星温度的影响。

Allowable platform motion error allocation is an important part of system-wide allocation in SAR system. It is a necessary system design procedure to take into account error effects, error sources, and performance-limiting factors to determine more reasonable design.

摘要合成孔径雷达系统平台运动容差分配是系统要求分配的一个重要方面，它是系统设计中的必要步骤，通过考虑误差源、误差影响和性能极限等因素使得最终的设计方案更为合理。

The creep is a main reason, and the rustiness of the prestressed steel is another reason, and more the run of the overrun vehicle.

这里既有混凝土徐变的因素，也有后期预应力钢材的锈蚀、预拱度设置偏差和施工误差的因素，更有超限车辆的行驶等的因素。

To improve the pointing accuracy of the telescope mount and the capability of daylight tracking, it is necessary to do more study on the error of telescope axes. The present thesis analyses many kinds of factors that cause the pointing error of telescope mount, and discusses the method for correcting the pointing error by setting up telescope mount model in detail.

本文详细分析了望远镜机架指向产生偏差的各种因素，讨论了通过建立望远镜机架指向误差模型的方法来修正望远镜机架指向误差的方法，通过使用CCD观测恒星来求解望远镜机架指向误差模型参数。

The ellipse curre equation of circular image is derived based on the theory of spatial analytic geometry and rotation matrix s representation with unit quaternion then a mathematical model of the distortion error is established which relates the distortion error to the foca length of the used CCD camera,the radius as well as the position and the attitude of the inspected circle directly.

研究三维视觉检测中圆的中心经针孔摄像机成像后存在畸变误差的问题，首先基于空间解析几何理论和旋转矩阵的四元数表示法推导出像平面上投影椭圆的参数方程；然后根据参数方程建立圆中心成像畸变误差的数学模型；最后对影响畸变误差的主要因素进行分析。

The phylogeny and applied prospect of MES are summarized in the paper. The principle of this system is analyzed from the point of view of acoustics. The surveying and filtering technology of auxiliary parameters, sounding data and the theory of image form, backscatter strength data processing, are researched deeply in the paper. The optimal model of velocity of sound is given. For sound ray tracing, some methods of correction of sound ray curve are developed. At the same time, an ideal model of sound ray tracing is proved and given. The GPS technology is applied for the determination of tide, attitude of vessel. Moreover, some methods are given. As an important topic, the systematic error is discussed in the paper. Some filtering methods are researched in this paper. Based on the current methods of image processing, the procedure and methods are tested and given that adapt to sonar image processing.

本文研究的工作是在总结多波束声纳测深系统的发展历史、应用前景的基础上，从声学角度分析了多波束系统的工作原理；对多波束辅助参数的测定和滤波方法、测深数据的滤波方法、多波束声纳图像的形成机理、图像处理以及最终应用等作了比较深入的研究；得出了适合于多波束精密深度计算的最优声速模型和声线改正模型；提出了 GPS 载波相位定位技术用于多波束辅助参数测量的思想、算法，改善了多波束系统的作业模式；系统地分析了深度数据的误差来源和类型，首次将系统误差作为影响测深精度的主要因素给以研究，并给出了削弱系统误差的方法，提高了深度数据的质量；对多波束声纳图像的形成、处理方法进行了细致的研究，给出了适合多波束图像处理的算法和流程，并从理论和实践上对声纳图像的应用进行了比较全面的研究。

It is shown by the systematic error analysis that trajectory error is mainly determined by the measurement error in azimuth and elevation angle, rather than the laser ranging error which is normally taken into consideration.

系统误差分析结果表明，影响导弹末区轨迹测量精度的主要因素是测量设备的方位角和俯仰角测量误差，而不是通常认为的激光测距误差。

A hyperbolic error often appears in cutting cone with ordinary lathe tool and arris body lathe tool.

根据用普通车刀和棱体成形车刀车削加工圆锥体时将产生双曲线误差的结果，通过计算得出产生双曲线误差的主要因素及使其误差最小时所要注意的事项

The paper begins with the analysis of measurement errors of parallelism of dovetail slots,then studies the working principle and the ratio of amplification for dial test indicator .

从分析工件燕尾槽平行度测量误差入手，深入研究杠杆千分表工作原理和传动放大比公式，讨论了产生误差的各种因素，并提出了校正误差的相应方法

The presetting accuracy of seeker is an important factor for guidance handover in midcourse guidance combined with terminal guidance.

在复合制导体制下，导引头预定精度是影响中末制导交班的重要因素，在分析了制导交班主要误差源的基础上，提出用修正系数法对雷达测量误差造成的中末制导交班导引头预装误差进行分析。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。