误差分量

Thereby, these facts indicate that the SDE not only have better statistic properties but also have uniformly smaller mean square errors than ANOVAE in an available group of linear mixed models. The other significative following work is to generalize the idea of SDE to multivariate linear mixed model and obtain the SDE of variance component matrices which uniformly dominate the ANOVAE either.

对于含有一个随机效应的混合模型，目前文献中都仅讨论了方差分量的谱分解估计和ANOVA估计等价的充要条件，本文首次给出了方差分量的谱分解估计在均方误差意义下严格的优于ANOVA估计的理论结果，并推广到广义谱分解估计，从而说明谱分解估计不仅较ANOVA估计有更好的统计性质，而且在一类常用的模型下有更小的风险损失。

Firstly, chaotic kinetic characteristic of Kent mapping is analyzed, using it to encrypt watermark image; Secondly, an algorithm of only modifying the decimal part of DC components is given, bringing the least error, effectively solving the problem which embedding watermark in DC components is easy to the image's block effect; Watermark is extracted without original image utilizing two-bits algorithm.

深入分析了帐篷映射的混沌动力学特性，并将其应用于水印图像的预处理；在分析了 DCT域嵌入对策的基础上提出了一种只修改 DC 分量小数部分的嵌入算法，引入的误差小，有效的解决了以往人们在 DC 分量嵌入水印容易引起图像块效应的问题；检测过程中利用二值离散算法使得水印提取时无需原始图像。

A key point in Short Time Fourier Transform is the choice of window function. Although rectangle window is regarded as the first choice because it's featured by integral harmonic to filter signals and by DC component, decaying DC component and frequency shift of signals cause great error to rectangle window STFT. In addition, transient signals contain rich information of faults, but the fixed time window of STFT fail to collect these information.

STFT 算法关键问题之一是窗函数的选择，矩形窗以滤除信号整数次谐波和直流分量的特点自然称为首选窗，但衰减直流分量和信号的频率偏移对矩形窗 STFT 造成了很大误差；其次，暂态信号中含有丰富的故障信息，傅立叶变换固定的频窗忽略了这些特征信息。

The emulation result shows that the error of polarizer rotation angle almost does not influence nonlinearity when elliptic polarization of laser beams exists; when the error of rotation angle of polarizing beam splitter exists, the second-harmonic nonlinearity caused by the error of polarizer rotation angle will not increase, but the first-harmonic nonlinearity will increase greatly.

仿真结果表明，当存在激光束椭圆偏振时，检偏器旋转误差对非线性误差的影响很小；当存在偏振分光镜旋转误差时，检偏器旋转误差引起的非线性误差不增加二次谐波分量，但增大了非线性误差一次谐波分量，严重影响非线性误差的大小，当偏振分光镜旋转误差为3°时，检偏器旋转误差从0°增加到5°，非线性误差从0.14 nm增大到0.97 nm。

When the weight signals from each quadrant are added together to determine the seat occupant weight, the error is eliminated as the positive and negative error component cancel each other out.

当将来自每个象限的重量信号加起来以确定座椅乘坐者重量时，由于正负误差分量相互抵消，所以误差被排除了。

The method that measuring horzontal component of the earth magnetic field with digital quantometer is introdnces, the computational formule are given, systematic error are discussed, the advantages of the this method with tangent galvanometer measuring ho

摘要介绍了用数字冲击电流计测量地磁场水平分量的方法，给出了计算公式，对系统误差进行了讨论，简述了该方法与用正切电流计法测量地磁场水平分量的优点。

Chapter 8: We discuss the acceleration of multigrid by Krylov subspace approaches, and recognize the reason for slow convergence of algebraic multigrid methods is that error reduction is significantly less efficient for some very specific error components which may cause a few eigenvalues of the algebraic multigrid iteration matrix to be considerably closer to 1 than all the rest. However, the eigenvectors belonging to the few isolated eigenvalues can be expected to be typically captured after only a few conjugate gradient iterations, which accelerate algebraic multigrid algorithms. Theoretical analysis and numerical results of some practical problems show the iterant recombination accelerates algebraic multigrid convergence.

第八章：先介绍用Krylov子空间迭代法加速一般多重网格方法收敛的基本框架，然后紧紧抓住引起代数多重网格方法收敛减慢的根本原因往往是误差减小对几个特别的误差分量不明显，这导致代数多重网格方法的迭代矩阵的几个特征值接近于1，而共轭梯度方法则能比较典型地捕捉属于孤立特征值的特征向量，从而推导出有效的共轭梯度加速算法和程序实现，不仅从一些具体的实际应用例子的数值结果去验证迭代复合加速收敛的效果，而且还从理论上分析了预处理共轭梯度法加速代数多重网格法收敛的机理。

According to the shortage of only considering the phase change of emitter and no refer to the amplitude change, based on the patterns of radar and decoy, using equal phase gradient method, while considering the influence about waviness of phase and amplitude of each, the decoying formula of the coherent decoy system is deduced, a damage probability model is drawn out.

针对目前多点源诱偏效果评估过程中，仅考虑各点源相位分量变化，未考虑幅度分量在空中变化的不足，基于雷达和诱饵的具体方向图，运用等相位面梯度分析法，同时考虑各点源辐射信号的相位和幅度波动的影响，对相参多诱饵系统的诱偏误差公式进行了推导。

The observation equation built in this paper is nonlinear. After linea-rization, it can be seen that, the error of the angular sensor on ESG's outer gimbal axis is equal to the azimuth error of ESG, while that on ESG's inner gimbal is coupled from the elevation and the azimuth errors of ESG.

本论文所建立的量测方程是非线性的，其在标称状态的线性化方程表明：静电陀螺外框架轴上的角度传感器的输出误差等于陀螺主轴的方位角误差，内框架轴上的角度传感器的输出误差包括陀螺主轴的高度角误差和方位角误差的耦合量，其中方位角误差的耦合分量是由复示水平基准误差引起的。

Principal component analysis is a successful feature detection method for pattern recognition. It is the optimal dimension compression technique based on second-order information in the sense of mean-square error.

主分量分析是一种在众多生物特征识别中获得成功应用的特征提取技术，是一种基于二阶统计的在最小均方误差意义上的最优维数据压缩技术，它所提取的各特征分量之间是互不相关的。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。