误差

Along with several typical problems as the measurement of small low-frequency current, the restraint and compensation of Rogowski measuring error caused by environmental temperature change, the design of integral unit, the influence of Rogowski coil geometrical error on its measuring error and the restraint of Rogowski coil environmental electromagnetic disturb, this paper introduces the related research status of the applied research of Rogowski coil.

2004高压年会，，中国电机工程学会高电压专业委员会本文阐述了Rogowski 线圈的应用研究领域的国内外现状，特别针对Rogowski 线圈应用研究中的低频小电流的测量、线圈温度效应误差的抑制和补偿、积分环节的设计、线圈几何特性误差对线圈测量误差的影响以及外界对线圈电磁干扰的抑制等几个问题，文章做了详细的介绍。

In the fourth part, the experiment equipment is established, images are captured through CMOS, and the result of experiment is analyzed and the calibration curve is drawn, due to the non-linear characteristic of the used light-sensitive transducers calibration, the method of using piecewise linear line to approximate CMOS calibration curve is proposed, which decreased the measurement errors greatly, analyzed the measurement errors and proposed the methods of minishing errors.

第四部分搭建了实验装置，通过CMOS采集了大量的图像，分析了实验结果，做出了标定曲线，鉴于标定曲线的非线性特征，采用逐段折线逼近该标定曲线的方法，大大减小了误差，并进行了误差分析和提出了减小误差的方法。

In the fourth part, the experiment equipment is established, images are captured through CMOS, and the result of experiment is analyzed and the calibration curve is drawn, due to the non-linear characteristic of the used light-sensitive transducer's calibration, the method of using piecewise linear line to approximate CMOS calibration curve is proposed, which decreased the measurement errors greatly, analyzed the measurement errors and proposed the methods of minishing errors.

第四部分搭建了实验装置，通过CMOS采集了大量的图像，分析了实验结果，做出了标定曲线，鉴于标定曲线的非线性特征，采用逐段折线逼近该标定曲线的方法，大大减小了误差，并进行了误差分析和提出了减小误差的方法。

The quantizing error, linear error and differential linear error of an A/D converter were deduced, after that the error model of synchronous sampling, asynchronous sampling and quasi-synchronous sampling algorithms used in power measurement wens build in condition that A/D was not perfect.

建立了该两种乘法器的物理模型，数学模型和误差仿真模型，全面地分析了各种参量对其交流功率测量的原理误差和仪器误差的影响，并给出了定量的结果。

In order to reduce the influence of position error in every standstill-position of turntable on north-seeking precision, the work process of the Dynamically Tuned Gyro multi-position north seeker and the principle of the azimuth arithmetic are introduced, and the relation between position error and north-seeking precision is analyzed.

针对实验过程中转台在每个转位处存在的转位误差对系统寻北精度的影响，介绍了动调陀螺多位置寻北仪的工作过程及真北解算原理，进行了转位误差对寻北精度影响的误差分析。

The retrievals are compared with the observed ones, as a result, the maximal relative error is 8.02%, the minimal is 0.70% and the average relative error is 4.5%, which shows that the reversions are believable.

反演结果与实测结果对比表明：最大相对误差为8.02%、最小相对误差为0.70%，平均相对误差为4.5%，反演结果可信。

According to the information of relative orientation from the airplane to airborne anti-submarine buoy, the mathematical model, adopting extended Kalman filtering technique, and simulation algorithm for calculating the buoy position are established in this paper. In respects of the relative position error and RMS error, the simulation results show the error performance of this system.

根据航空搜潜声纳浮标与飞机的相对方位信息，采用扩展卡尔曼滤波技术，分析了计算浮标位置的原理、方法，建立了相应的系统模型和仿真算法，从估计的相对位置误差和均方根误差两个方面，仿真分析了系统的误差性能。

The measurement comprehensive precision evaluating formula considering the weight of baseline observation is put forward in the paper.By checking calculation and analysis,the views on those problems have been proved to be reasonable and representative,and it can be used to revise and to complete the corresponding standards.

其中的( 1 )和( 2 )类误差在仪器检测时表现为加、乘常数及其检测误差，它是文献［1，2，3］规定的必检项目，也是影响测距精度的主要误差源，因此必须对新的和使用中的EDM 的常数进行定期检测，并用检测值对距离观测值施加有效的改正，以保证和提高距离测量的精度。

A new technique,"Curvature Method", recognizing edges of gear cutters is introduced, the tracking principle for scanning edge profile of gear cutter is developed and a robust method is proposed to automatically distinguish boundary points of assessing region.

系统地研究了螺旋曲面特征线的测量原理，建立了特征线的误差模型，给出了相应的误差评定方法；并首次将特征线误差划分为三种基本形态，同时给出了各形态的数学模型。

Periodic fluid pulsation in aeroplane hydraulic piping could induce fluid-construction vibration and lead to fatigue damage. It is impossible to find the error sensor's optimization location because of the pressure standing wave, and the pulsation attenuation effect is not perfect when adopting pulsation attenuation at single point. For this reason, a distributed active control method of fluid pulsation was presented. To avoid stationary point in all aviation states, several fluid pulsation actuators and error pressure sensors were placed along the piping. The second fluid pulsation produced by actuators can counteract the primary pulsation brought by aviation piston pump and make the mean pulsation of whole piping minimum when adopting adaptive feed- forward control and the filtered-X least mean square algorithm.

针对飞机液压能源管路系统中的周期性流体脉动诱发流固耦合振动，导致管路疲劳损伤的问题，针对管路中存在压力驻波特性，在采用单点消振时寻找误差传感器最佳布局位置困难而引起脉动抑制效果不理想的缺点，提出了一种分布式流体脉动主动控制方法，即沿管路不同位置布置多个主动消振阀和误差压力传感器，在任意飞行阶段，避开压力驻波点，以误差压力传感器的脉动测量值为控制目标，采用一种针对周期脉动主动控制的自适应前馈控制法和多通道自适应滤波－X LMS算法，调整控制器参数，使主动消振器产生的次级脉动与管路中的初始脉动相互抵消，达到整个管路中的平均流体脉动最小的效果。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。