误差

After studying analysis of variance on single factor and double factor,this paper reveals that if the difference between levels of the primes exist noteworthily is mainly depended on the sum of its experiment effects or variance of experiment effects and stochastic difference.

0引言 在试验设计时设置重复试验，能够估计试验误差；重复试验次数越多试验误差越低，试验精确度越高。一般认为，适宜重复次数应保证使误差项自由度至少为12，否则F检验或t检验的临界值上升很快，难以呈现显著性川。

As the result of theoretical analysis and practical test, the systematic error corrections of the second-order level measurement must include collimation error correction, refraction error correction and orthometric correction (altitude over more than 50 m in the examining area).

经理论分析与实际测试后发现二等水准测量须做视准轴误差、折射误差与正高改正（测区标高超过50公尺以上），而二等水准测量，则须加人视准轴误差，测区标高超过100公尺以上，亦需加人正高改正。

With cross validations, the support vector machine-based models are selected to achieving a high generalization accuracy according to the principles of Bayesian framework and Resubstitution.

实验比较实际值和预测值之误差，误差值越小，表示预测的结果越接近其实际值，本研究之模型除考虑误差值最小化之外，亦兼顾模型复杂度，并以泛化性能的高低作为一个评估的依据。

Results In static phantom studies, the percent error of mean activity obtained by Carson's method was reduced to about 9 %, and it is less than that of image-derived method using maximum likelihood expectation maximization (about 14 %). In simulated dynamic phantom studies, the vessel component could be extracted using ICA in image and sinogram domain. In sinogram domain, the six components extracted by ICA could be obtained quickly.

在静态物理假体实验结果来看，使用Carson's method计算出感兴趣区域活性的百分比误差( 9%)比直接从影像取得活性的百分比误差( 14%)来得小；从数位模拟动态假体实验结果来看，独立成份分析法运用在影像空间或是弦波图空间上，都可以将血管分离出来，但从弦波图空间上得到各个独立成份相对於影像空间就快得多；imageICA和sinogramICA计算出的输入函数的标准化均方根误差分别是0.57和0.28。

The conditions to measure accurately and the principles to select parameters of the multi— probes EST method are proposed, and the theoretical research, computer imitation and the experiment on a machine tool prove that these principles and suggestion are necessary and effective. The influence of the initial value errors of the probes, the installation error of the probes system, and the remaining error caused by the radical error motion are analyzed quantitively on the measurement accuracy of the multi—probes EST method. The influence of the error caused by the probe's axes which is not in a plane and the perpendicularity error of the plane which the probe's axes is in to the stational axis are discussed on the measurement results.

结合理论分析，对这些EST方法进行了计算机仿真分析和研究，重点研究了这些方法的应用条件和误差分离精度，所得出的结论是：三测头法EST基本上能实现各项误差的完全分离，适于在位测量使用；二测头法在恰当地选择测头安装角的条件下，可以得到较高测量精度，适于大型零件圆度、圆柱度、径向圆跳动和全跳动的在位测量；对置两测头时域法可以在一定程度上改善单测头法测量精度，但对随机径向误差无能为力；对置两测头频域法存在严重的谐波损失。

The predictive coding is based on the relativity between the neighboring pixels. On the coutrary, steganograph will destroy the relativity between the neighboring pixels. Through computing and analysing the predictive error of cover image and steg image, it is obtained that steganograph will increase the predictive error. So the predictive error can be used to detect steganograph.

该算法的基本思想是利用空域隐写会破坏图像相邻像素之间的相关性，而预测编码是利用图像相邻像素之间的相关性来预测的，这样隐写后图像的预测误差将会大于载体图像的预则误差，通过计算隐写前后图像的预测误差来分析图像中是否含有秘密信息。

This dissertation gave an in-depth study to the effect of radome error upon the guidance system and gave a formula for that effect with missile dynamics of arbitrary order and unsimplified seeker model. Based on that, the critical condition for the design of guidance controller under the radome effect was derived.

本文深入研究了天线罩瞄准线误差对制导控制系统稳定性的影响，得出了在任意阶导弹动力学模型和非简化导引头模型下，天线罩瞄准线误差对制导控制系统的影响公式，并由此得出了天线罩瞄准线误差影响下导引控制器设计的极限条件。

Specially,it introduced the process and algorithm of error compensation which has been effective on controlling the measure error within the range of requirements of the whole system.

摘 要：为了提高电池检测系统中电池测量的精度，对MAX197模数转换器的主要误差源进行了较详尽的分析与测试，在此基础上提出了提高测量精度的建议和处理方法，其中对误差补偿方法，给出了具体的过程和算法，在实际应用中已有效的将测量误差控制在系统的要求范围内。

In order to establish high precision laser scanning plane, the laser beam transmission is anatomized in the formation of the scanning plane.

为了建立高精度的激光扫描基准平面，对扫描平面形成过程中光束的传播进行了详细分析；根据光学矢量反射定律，推导出了扫描误差的理论公式；在此基础上揭示了误差补偿的基本原理，导出了用于补偿扫描机构产生的扫描误差的理论公式；提出了据此准则进行设计的扫描机构的模型。

This error analysis is divided into three technologies unit: the reading and demonstration of 3-D data format, the pre-conjoining of 3-D graph based on collecting point and the full conjoining of three dimensional graphs based on ICP algorithm, and the obtaining and color display of error value.

该误差分析部分分为三维数据格式的读取和显示、基于拾取点的三维图形的预拼合和基于ICP算法的三维图形的完整拼合、误差值的求取和误差值的彩色显示三个技术单元。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。