语音的

A method of a voice annunciator system is introduced in this paper. To solve the problems existing in the traditional industry annunciator, with AT89C52 microcontroller as the main control unit, the voice annunciator system is designed by ISD4003-4 which is made of ISD company in America. Furthermore, the hardware circuit design and software programs are discussed in detail.

介绍了一种语音报警系统的设计方法，该语音报警系统针对传统工业报警器中存在的问题，以AT89C52单片机为主控单元，采用了美国ISD公司的ISD4000系列语音芯片ISD4003-4设计了该系统的语音录放电路，对硬件电路的设计及软件的编程作了较为详细的阐述。

With respect to phonetics, Distinctive Features for the phonetic syncopation of spatial information are extracted based on Bertin's retinal variables. The importance of geographic reality, cognitive laws and geometric laws in the syncopation is pointed out following the thorough inspection of the physical characteristics of spatial information and a phonetic hierarchy of phoneme、 phoneme combination is proposed after the summarization of different methods of syncopation in Psychology, Pattern Recognition, Mathematic Morphology and Cartography, which provides linguistic interpretation for cartographic symbol design and understanding. With respect to the property that map symbol is represented as the combination of attribute and geometry in digital form of spatial information, suprasegmental phoneme as unit is proposed which deals with the high level phonetic units and their structure with the bend of curve and the simple area of complex area as primitive.

在语音结构方面，基于Bertin的视觉变量，提取了产生空间信息语音切分的区别特征；对空间信息的物理特征进行了详尽分析，指出了地理真实、认知规律和几何规律在语音切分中的重要作用；在总结心理学、模式识别、数学形态学和地图学等相关切分理论的基础上，提出了空间信息音位系统以及音位组合规律，为地图符号设计与理解提供了语言学解释；针对地图符号通常在空间信息中表现为属性和形态相结合的特点，提出在超音段音位层次上重点关注以线切分单元——弯曲和复杂面切分单元——弯曲构成的简单面为基本元素的语音高级层次及其结构。

Particularly voice telephony and various products widely available, the emergence of a new voice recognition based on the application direction, such as voice dialing, call center, mobile devices embedded in the command control, pronunciation and learning based on keywords detected in oral Conversation systems..

特别是语音通信和各种语音产品的广泛普及，出现了新的基于语音识别的应用方向，如语音拨号、呼叫中心、移动设备中的嵌入式命令控制、发音学习以及基于关键词检出的口语会话系统等。。

Specially the voice communication and each kind of pronunciation product's widespread popularization, appeared newly based on the speech recognition application direction, like in the pronunciation digit dialing, the call center, mobile equipment's embedded command control, the pronunciation study as well as the spoken language conversation system which picks out based on the key word and so on..

特别是语音通信和各种语音产品的广泛普及，出现了新的基于语音识别的应用方向，如语音拨号、呼叫中心、移动设备中的嵌入式命令控制、发音学习以及基于关键词检出的口语会话系统等。。

Chapter two was developed the fundamental theorem of speech enhancement, in which the characteristics of speech versus noise, and the model of the speech formation as well, were analyzed. By Combining the conventional evaluating method for speech enhancement system with modern techniques, a new method was proposed, and an experimental system was eventually worked out.

本文以带噪语音为研究对象，开展了带噪语音增强的基础研究工作，从理论和实践上对语音增强的各种算法进行了深入而系统的研究，尝试了在原有谱相减法的基础上引入隐马尔科夫模型、矢量量化及人工神经网络等研究方法及手段并提出了相应的语音增强算法。

The research of phonetic grouping is mainly the analysis of historic evolution, but the lexical grouping in this thesis focuses on synchronic aspect. Sounds and lexicon have their own features and evolution rules. Therefore it is inevitable that grouping phonetically and lexically should be different.

山东方言语音分区的研究是对方言语音历史演变的分析，而本文所做的词汇分区的讨论着重于共时平面，而且语音和词汇各有不同的特性和演变规律，因此以语音分区和以词汇分区必然会得出不同的结论。

The study also evaluates the effects of FbAANC headset on speech intelligibility on a disyllabic Mandarin word discrimination test platform. We expect someone under the noisy environment in SNR equal 0,–5,–10,-15,-20 and –25 dB, the noise cancellation technique could either improve the speech discrimination effectively. Finally, the SNR below -10dB, the mean WDT score with FbAANC headset was superior to without FbAANC headset 13 to 32% through 30 subjects of normal hearing threshold for evaluation. These results suggest that the FbAANC headset would be useful for hearing protection in workplaces with high levels industrial noise.

同时，本论文亦透过华语双字词语音辨识力测验，以评估此噪音消除技术对於语音理解力的影响，期望在SNR为0，-5，-10，-15，-20和-25dB的环境下，暸解噪音消除技术能否有效提升语音辨识力；经过30位正常听力的受测者之评估，我们可以得到当讯噪比在-10 dB以下时，经过噪音消除后的语音辨识力成绩可明显地提升13 to 32%，因此，本噪音消除耳机确实可以作为耳机防护以提供给工人对抗高分贝的工厂噪音。

Most of the vocoders, such as CELP, MELP are based on this model, which make it better for the applications when less storage space is needed.

语音信号的分析合成采用线性预测模型，线性预测模型是一种在技术上比较成熟的语音模型，大部分的语音编码器如CELP、MELP 等都是基于此模型，所以在需要减小语音库的存贮空间时有较大的优势。

Course content includes an introduction to articulatory phonetics, and a brief sketch of the vowels, consonants, and supramentals in the two languages. Special focus will be placed on the specific phonetic features in each language which often constitute problems for learners in the process of language acquisition.

课程内容包括发音语音学简介、英语及华语语音结构概述及其语音特质，以及语音习得上呈现的问题与困难。

Newly revised and expanded, Acoustic and Auditory Phonetics provides readers with an accessible yet rigorous introduction to phonetics and speech sciences.

新修订和扩大，声学和听觉语音为读者提供一个公开，尚未实行严格的语音及语音科学。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。