语音

A method of a voice annunciator system is introduced in this paper. To solve the problems existing in the traditional industry annunciator, with AT89C52 microcontroller as the main control unit, the voice annunciator system is designed by ISD4003-4 which is made of ISD company in America. Furthermore, the hardware circuit design and software programs are discussed in detail.

介绍了一种语音报警系统的设计方法，该语音报警系统针对传统工业报警器中存在的问题，以AT89C52单片机为主控单元，采用了美国ISD公司的ISD4000系列语音芯片ISD4003-4设计了该系统的语音录放电路，对硬件电路的设计及软件的编程作了较为详细的阐述。

Phonetics, particularly articulatory phonetics, focuses on how speech sounds are produced, what phonetic features they have, and how to transcribe them.

语音，特别是发音语音，侧重于语音是如何产生的，什么语音特点他们，以及如何抄写他们。

During that period, his research field covered many sections, such as speech analysis and synthesis, speech coding, automatic answering, speech recognition, echo elimination, sound operation interface, high efficiency search algorithm and identifiable HMM.

在贝尔实验室期间，他的研究领域覆盖了语音分析与合成，高音质、中低比特率语音编码，自动应答，语音识别，回声消除，无手控语音操作界面，高效搜索算法，有辨识力的HMM训练等等多个方面。

With respect to phonetics, Distinctive Features for the phonetic syncopation of spatial information are extracted based on Bertin's retinal variables. The importance of geographic reality, cognitive laws and geometric laws in the syncopation is pointed out following the thorough inspection of the physical characteristics of spatial information and a phonetic hierarchy of phoneme、 phoneme combination is proposed after the summarization of different methods of syncopation in Psychology, Pattern Recognition, Mathematic Morphology and Cartography, which provides linguistic interpretation for cartographic symbol design and understanding. With respect to the property that map symbol is represented as the combination of attribute and geometry in digital form of spatial information, suprasegmental phoneme as unit is proposed which deals with the high level phonetic units and their structure with the bend of curve and the simple area of complex area as primitive.

在语音结构方面，基于Bertin的视觉变量，提取了产生空间信息语音切分的区别特征；对空间信息的物理特征进行了详尽分析，指出了地理真实、认知规律和几何规律在语音切分中的重要作用；在总结心理学、模式识别、数学形态学和地图学等相关切分理论的基础上，提出了空间信息音位系统以及音位组合规律，为地图符号设计与理解提供了语言学解释；针对地图符号通常在空间信息中表现为属性和形态相结合的特点，提出在超音段音位层次上重点关注以线切分单元——弯曲和复杂面切分单元——弯曲构成的简单面为基本元素的语音高级层次及其结构。

It describes the digital models of speech, endpoint detection, feature extraction in the process of speech recognition, and chooses the arithmatics and models of the application system.

对语音识别过程中的语音数字模型、语音的端点检测和语音特征提取等过程进行介绍，并确立本系统中所采用的算法和模型。

The disyllabic pitch model is obtained with the help of cubic polynomial approximation and neural network technique.

双音节音高模型是韵律调节的基础；将Kohonen自组织神经网络技术应用到音高模型的分类，并取得了较好的分类效果；（4）基于正弦模型表示的汉语语音分析与合成：将正弦模型引入到汉语的语音分析合成中来，提出了汉语的基于正弦模型表达的分析合成算法，并对在汉语普通话语音合成中的应用，包括汉语四声的变调、时长音高的调整等进行了深入的研究；对于合成音节之间的拼接问题作了探讨，并提出了自己的观点；在国内外的文献中，还没有对于该方法用于汉语语音的分析合成的应用的报道，因此是本文的主要贡献之一。

Particularly voice telephony and various products widely available, the emergence of a new voice recognition based on the application direction, such as voice dialing, call center, mobile devices embedded in the command control, pronunciation and learning based on keywords detected in oral Conversation systems..

特别是语音通信和各种语音产品的广泛普及，出现了新的基于语音识别的应用方向，如语音拨号、呼叫中心、移动设备中的嵌入式命令控制、发音学习以及基于关键词检出的口语会话系统等。。

Specially the voice communication and each kind of pronunciation product's widespread popularization, appeared newly based on the speech recognition application direction, like in the pronunciation digit dialing, the call center, mobile equipment's embedded command control, the pronunciation study as well as the spoken language conversation system which picks out based on the key word and so on..

特别是语音通信和各种语音产品的广泛普及，出现了新的基于语音识别的应用方向，如语音拨号、呼叫中心、移动设备中的嵌入式命令控制、发音学习以及基于关键词检出的口语会话系统等。。

The history and current situation of research in speech recognition are proposed all-sidedly and systematically. We probe into such topics about acoustic features, phonetic features, phonologic features and auditory perception in terms of related theory and disciplines. Furthermore, we summarize and analyze focus in current theoretical and technical aspects of speech recognition and immediately put an insight into challenge to speech recognition presently, even in a long time.

论文全面、系统地介绍了国内外语音识别的发展历史和发展现状，结合相关学科的知识，分析了语音声学特征、语音学特征、音系学特征及其语音感知等有关问题，分析并总结了目前语音识别理论和技术实现方面的研究重点以及目前、甚至在相当长的时期内语音识别面临的挑战。

In the thesis,a basic spontaneous Mandarin speech recognition is established. The study focuses on the acoustic modeling for 411 Mandarin base-syllables as well as some special phenomena of spontaneous speech such as particles, uncertain sounds, and paralinguistic phenomena.

在本论文中，我们建立一个自发性中文对话语音辨识基本系统架构，探讨中文语音及自发性语料的特殊语音现象，如感叹词、不确定语音发音、非语音声音等。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。