语言学上的

As for Chinese language, the application of foreign linguistic theories is simply a disaster, for western linguistic theories are a set of complicated and formula system, while Chinese language is a non-formula character system which holds its own distinct rule that the meaning can be shown through the form.

由于语言学理论是建立在表音文字的基础上的一整套复杂的形式主义规则体系，而中文则是一种非形态的、以形表意的文字体系，有着自己独特的以形表意的简洁规则，这种外来语言学理论的应用，对于中文而言，简直就是灾难。

To do so will drown us in the wallow of mentalism. Therefore, what is presented in this article are only some potential reasons that may lead to the differences between Chinese and English use of titles. The resulted viewpoints in this article may later be testified, right or wrong, by

在这里，我只探讨导致汉英称谓语出现差异在认知上的可能因素，随着更多语料的发现和语言学以及相关科学的不断发展，很多曾经我们认为是正确的结论将被推翻，很多新的假设和猜想将被验证，只有这样我们才能不断更正错误，不断发现真理，我在本文中的观点在将来有些可能被推翻，有些可能被证实，但无论怎样，希望今天我所做的这一点点工作能为语言学的研究以及语言教学的实践提供一些有益的启发。

The fifth chapter logically provides two kinds of definitions of metapragmatics and illustrates two meanings of metalinguistics in the sense of linguistics.

第五章，阐明语言学意义上的元语言学有两种含义，逻辑地给出元语用学的两种定义；重点探讨西方语用学代表人物J.L。

The word-to-sound rule and the structure of a speech database are modified during the implementation of TTS system, and then a filter algorithm based on part-of-speech is proposed to solve the polyphone problem. Prosodic research on Chinese characters plays a great role in speech recognition and speech synthesis system. In order to improve the naturalness of a speech synthesis system, the relationship among the sentence structure, the length of a sentence and the breath boundaries is analyzed and a breath boundary assigning algorithm based on such relationship is put forward. In addition, the author analyzes the process of a speech synthesis system and builds a prosodic markup language suitable for Chinese speech synthesis.

呼吸群边界划分作为汉语韵律的一种表现方式，它在语音感知和文语转换系统的性能方面起着十分重要的作用，作者在对汉语句法结构、句子长度和和呼吸群划分之间关系的研究基础上，设计并实现了基于句子长度和句法结构的呼吸群边界划分算法；为更好地描述文语转换过程，作者提出了适合汉语语音合成的SSML韵律标注语言，该标注语言不仅从声学层上对语音的韵律进行描述，而且从语言学层上标注句法结构信息，最后本文对基于语言理解的韵律规则用SSML进行了描述并用实验验证了语言学层面的标注对系统自然度的影响。

It emphasizes that only by going from the theory of social individual's growing-up, which is constructed by this essay's author himself, integrating organically the diachronical dimension with synchronical dimension related to the studies of translation, and so dealing with the relationships among translational artistry, translational ideal, and translational criteria appropriately, can we recognize the criteria of translation and their courses of growing-up properly, and so do enhance our levels of translation studies gradually through locating the role of these criteria of translation rightly.

显然，这是一个有待进一步证明的命题，而且在这里不行能举行这样的证明，只能有待于未来的机遇；但我们仍然可以说，今世西方语言学领域的、为国内语言学研究界所珍视和引用的绝大多数理论，基础上都以这种哲学传统态度和要领论视角为基础，而不是议决扬弃它们而举行崭新的研究才得出其结论的。

Summing up the oppugning、negative and affirmative viewpoints about Saussure's theory on arbitrariness of linguistic signs, the paper demonstrated two points The first is that the two elements of linguistic signs is the sound and notion and both the signifier and signified is arbitrary.

然而随着语言研究由内部语言学向外部语言学的转移，学界对语言符号任意性的问题也提出了不同的争议，总括学界在这一问题上的否定和肯定性观点，笔者论证了两个问题：1。

In the previous section it has been postulated that linguistics is relevant to language teaching.

在上一节已经假定，语言学相关的语言教学。

FRACTEID, as a portmanteau word, is used to describe a linguistic blend of "fractal" in its definition of fragmented geometric shapes that can be split into parts, and the Greek word Eidos (used for example in kaleidoscope) which refers to Plato's Ideal Forms and evokes the term "Eidetic memory," defined as the ability to recall images, sounds, or objects in memory with extreme accuracy and in abundant volume.

分形&FRACTEID&作为一个混成词，通常被用作形容不规则碎片在语言学上的混合，定义为可以被分成几个块或成碎片的几何形状，柏拉图理念形式所提及的古希腊词语理念，唤起&高级记忆&这个词语，定义为一种唤起记忆中极端准确的意象和物体，最顶峰值的声音。

First , a syllable-based Taiwanese speech recognition system was implemented. And the effect on the recognition performance of the syllable with entering tone was carefully exiamined. Based on the linguistics knowledge, the syllable with entering tone in database was re-labeled according to the tone sandhi of Taiwanese in order to improve the recognition rate. In addition, Kullback Leibler distance between the acoustic model before and after re-labeling was examined to verify the linguistics knowledge.

在论文中首先针对台语语音特性入声调的部份深入研究，我们由confusion matrix去分析入声调对辨识系统的影响性，且根据语言学上的知识修改文字拼音资料库，使得训练出来的声学模型更为可靠，进而提升辨识率；并利用Kullback Leibler distance去观察声学模型在修改前与修改后之间的差异。

In the light of the methodology as well as the findings of socio- and psycholinguistics, Herder's hypothesis will be examined from the following aspects:(1) language and rationality,(2) the difference between animal language and human language,(3) the relatedness between different senses, and (4) the relationship among human, language, and the extralinguistic world.

透过这样的讨论，不仅有助於澄清赫德在西方语言学史上的定位，更将语言起源的问题重新与语言学的主流研究－即发现语言的本质－连结起来。

Finally, according to market conditions and market products this article paper analyzes the trends in the development of camera technology, and designs a color night vision camera.

最后根据市场情况和市面上产品的情况分析了摄像机技术的发展趋势，并设计了一款彩色夜视摄像机。

Only person height weeds and the fierce looks stone idles were there.

只有半人深的荒草和龇牙咧嘴的神像。