语法上的

True, we say that the physician or arithmetician or grammarian has made a mistake, but this is only a way of speaking; for the fact is that neither the grammarian nor any other person of skill ever makes a mistake in so far as he is what his name implies; they none of them err unless their skill fails them, and then they cease to be skilled artists.

事实上，我们说医生、算数家、语法家犯错，仅仅只是有其特指的一种说法；迄今为止，所指的事实并不是说语法学家或其他什么人在能力上有其称号所指的某种缺陷；除非他们丧失了专业的能力，否则就不能指证他们能力有缺陷，所谓犯错不过是说他们偶暂算不上杰出艺术家而已。

Finally, typological evidence from English, Baluchi and Greek proves that the grammaticalization cline proposed in Chinese from weak obligation modality to probability modality also applies in some other languages, and these two modalities are conceptually closely related.

最后，本文为从弱义务性情态语法化为或然性认识情态的语法化路径提供了类型学的证据，证明同样的语法化路径存在于英语、俾路支语和希腊语中，由此证明二者在概念上是密切关联的。

According to the findings of this thesis, Blake is skilled in demonstrating his beliefs and viewpoints powerfully by integrating metaphorical devices, symbols, ironic tones and/or irrational situations into seemingly plain and straightforward expressions rather than using highly-deviated words and grammars to achieve this purpose; in other words, Blake seeks to draw on semantic and contextual deviations rather than structural ones in composition, and thus shows his creativity and exceptionality especially in this respect.

根据本文研究发现，在《天真与经验之歌》中，布莱克并没有采用非常华丽或刁钻古怪的字词，其诗句的韵律和语法结构也颇为简单，偏离的程度并不高。但这些看似平淡无奇的词句，却常常给人以思想上的冲击。这是因为他在作品中使用了大量的语义及语境偏离，包括各种比喻、象征、反讽等手法，从而达到抒发情感、传递信念的作用，而这也正是其诗作的独到之处。来源：A7fBC论文网www.abclunwen.com

Through reading the real warrior's English, I think I have some places different from my own view, a lot of words have mistakes in the article, in the grammar, I am not to do too much comments , but the mistake of the word is obvious, a person's knowledge limitedly does not matter, make great efforts to learn to make progress, but I think that should discuss inside the English corner in these questions, this is to the webmaster respect, to one's own respect.

通过对真正勇士的英文阅读，我个人觉得有些和我个人观点不同的地方，在文章中很多单词有错误，在语法上，我不好作太多评论，但是单词的错误是明显的，一个人知识有限没关系，努力学习还是会有进步的，但是这些问题我个人认为应该在英语角里面讨论，这是对版主的尊重，对自己的尊重。

First, some researchers still put emphasis on grammatical descriptions of the evidential systems in some highly-inflectional languages. Second, the researches seem to be confined to the lexis and clausal level, and the study of evidentiality at discourse and genre level is much less than enough. In addition, the review of the research on English RAs has shown that few systematic researches on evidentiality in academic discourse have been conducted. Third, there are few researches on what evidentiality can do for language users and especially on the interpersonal functions of evidentiality.

目前的言据性研究主要集中于以下几个方面：1有些研究者仍然把重点放在一些屈折性语言的据素的语法描写上，而这种语法描写只是问题的一个方面，而且对于英语这样非屈折性语言，对据素的语法描写似乎并没有实际意义。2对言据性的研究大多都还停留在词汇和句子层面，在语篇和语类的层面的研究并不充分，尤其对学术语篇中言据性系统性的研究寥寥。3对言据性在语篇中的人际功能的研究很少。

The paper probed into the grammaticalized process of the prefix A- and some related problems on typology and gained several breakthroughs such as putting forward a new conception of "historical levels" on grammaticaliztion and the "unidirectionality", discussing some generant universals on the language's origin and change, recognizing the roles of the unique small contexts acted on the grammaticalization and the broadening process of grammatical rules, realizing the necessity of combination of researches on historical grammar and on Chinese etymology.

论文进而在更高的层次上对阿缀的语法化和相关类型学问题进行理论提炼与总结，取得了若干突破，如提出语法化研究中的历时层次与非单向性问题、语言起源发展的发生学共性问题，认识到独特小语境在语法化和语法规则泛化中的作用、语法史研究与汉语词源学研究结合的必要性等。

Under the guidance of three-dimensional grammar,simultaneously profitsing from the correlation theories of productional grammar and functional grammar, collecting the first material, profiting from the research which the senior emine...

本文收集了第一手材料，在学习借鉴前辈时贤研究成果的基础上，以&三个平面&的语法理论为主导原则，同时借鉴&生成语法&和&功能语法&的相关理论，侧重对现代汉语存现句结构、指量、主题信息三方面的特征进行了研究和探讨。

In this paper, after the similarities and differences of the three theories on semantics, including Valent grammar, Case grammar, Theta theory, are reviewed synoptically, we introduce a semantic model based on phrase-standard grammar of contemporary Chinese for a Chinese-English machine translation system.

本文在简略阐述我们对几种语义分析理论——配价语法，格语法，论旨理论的认识的基础上，介绍我们研制的一个基于汉语词组本位语法的汉英机器翻译系统所采用的语义模型。

This type of Measure Word is in the use of a special particularities of their own,but on their classified and analysis,in previous studies did not fully clear.

故本文通过对这三个量词在字源、泛化机制、语义、语法、相互替换等方面的探讨和分析，运用理性的逻辑分析和丰富的语料统计，探讨了这类量词的归类以及&种&、&类&、&样&在使用上的特点、范围以及三者之间的细微差别。

By the following three breakthroughs. Firstly, translation studies much enhanced its examination in linguistic transfer, with a series of equivalences advanced, such as equivalence in phonetics, syntax, semantics, etc. Secondly, instead of being confined to the translated text, translation studies concernsitself more with the extralinguistic elements: the initiator who proposes or sponsors the translation of a certain work, the translator who produces the target text and the receiver that involves not only the target reader but the target cultural environment as a whole. Thirdly, translation has been surveyed

首先，它从一般层面上的对两种语言转换的技术性问题的研究，深入到了对翻译行为本身的深层探究，提出了语音、语法、语义等一系列的等值问题；其次，它不再局限于翻译文本本身的研究，而是把目光投射到了译作的发起者（即提议或组织翻译某部作品的个人或群体）、翻译文本的操作者和接受者（此处的接受者不光指的是译文的读者，还有整个译语文化的接受环境）身上；再次，它把翻译放到一个宏大的文化语境中去考察，并审视翻译在这种文化语境中的意义和作用。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。