诗歌

Depending on this, we concluded the difference of Zeitgeist between mid ages and pre-modern literature on merchant spirit: either the dominant idea of the mid ages poetry is "powerful commerce leads to underdeveloped farming", or the idea that focuses on "mutual benefits" based on court and local policy; but the beginning of pre-modern literature----- the agreement between scholar-bureaucrats and merchants comes from lightheartedness, joy, sentimental expression and lyrical description expressed by middle period of Ming merchant poetry that deeply reflected the citizenly cultural spirits. Contrast to the poetry on merchant of middle literature, this is the ultimate transformation, showed the mostly characteristic of pre-modern literature priorly .

以此为界说，可以归纳出中世、近世涉及商贾诗歌的不同的时代精神：中世时期的诗歌或以&贾雄则农伤&为其主导思想，或主要着眼于朝廷与地方政策的层面张扬&农商兼利&的思想；而近世文学的起点———明中叶涉及商贾的诗歌往往在自由自在、安享快乐及张扬情欲、舒展性灵等方面有士商心灵的契合，在深层次上反映了市民文化精神，相对于中世涉及商贾的诗歌有根本性的转变，较早地显示出近世文学的主要特征。

Starting off from the "the agreement of language and expression" pursuit of late-Qing intellectuals and concrete poetry creation to the flourish of free verse written in vernacular during the May 4th Movement of 1919, the article reviews the complex genesic intertwinement and concrete view of modern Chinese poetry from the interactive angle of experience, language and form.

对这一形态的辨析，会发现&现代汉诗&的&发生&的内在机制和隐藏的问题。本文倾向于诗歌本体内部的语言、形式与现代性语境中的个体经验的纠结、互动对诗歌发生的影响：在论述方式上，注重的诗歌文本和语言、形式理论的分析。在晚清至&五四&这一中国现代知识分子追求现代性的语境下，本文试图通过对知识分子对新的汉语言说方式的追求和具体诗歌创作情况来考察&现代汉诗&的&发生&的语言脉络和形式依据。

On Zhu's criticism of poetry, on the basis of previous studies, this paper thinks that the poetry criticism of Zhu mainly embodied in his understanding of history, and his exploring on the creative direction of poetry; he advocated "poetry prosaically" and the "inrtiopratation of poetry", the three aspects of the theory construct the overall framework of poetry criticism of Zhu.

关于朱自清的诗歌批评，本文在结合前人研究的基础上，认为朱自清诗歌批评主要体现在他会通古今，探讨新诗创作方向，提倡&诗歌散文化&以及提出&解诗&理论，这三个方面建构了朱自清诗歌批评的整体框架。

But other side , Dark value of oneself yet possess underrating the point , In immediate future the real scenery that lived on the community upper levels at that time may be out of probe into out , Secondly abstracting the element differentiateed Si in the poetry seeps into and also reacts mankind's necessity to the art effect of thinking development , As to taut with dark to spring up is the best instance verse speaking walk but scenery with hills and waters verse coming , It produces the regression to the image as displaying the poetry , But make known the sublimation in the one kind taller step that the poetry was produced , In immediate future in some essence that adjust to conceal the scenery with hills and waters image after pursues , But hoop of this middle , Ought to be undoubtedly that the dark word verse adjust in the firsthand poetry natural abandoing of image , This is that the dark word verse is living at the value location on the history of poetry .

而另一方面，玄言诗自身的价值仍有不可低估之处，即一可以从中探究出当时社会上层生活的实景；二是诗歌中抽象思辨因素的渗入也反应了人类思维发展对艺术影响的必然，至于紧随玄言诗步履而来的山水诗的兴起就是最好的例子，它既体现了诗歌创作对物象的回归，又反映了诗歌创作的一种更高层次上的升华，即对隐藏在山水物象之后的某种精神上的追求，而这中间的一环，无疑应是玄言诗对原始诗歌中朴质物象的舍弃，这才是玄言诗在诗史上的价值所在。

But other side , Dark value of oneself yet possess underrating the point , In immediate future the real scenery that lived on the community upper levels at that time may be out of probe into out , Secondly abstracting the element differentiateed Si in the poetry seeps into and also reacts mankinds necessity to the art effect of thinking development , As to taut with dark to spring up is the best instance verse speaking walk but scenery with hills and waters verse coming , It produces the regression to the image as displaying the poetry , But make known the sublimation in the one kind taller step that the poetry was produced , In immediate future in some essence that adjust to conceal the scenery with hills and waters image after pursues , But hoop of this middle , Ought to be undoubtedly that the dark word verse adjust in the firsthand poetry natural abandoing of image , This is that the dark word verse is living at the value location on the history of poetry .

而另一方面，玄言诗自身的价值仍有不可低估之处，即一可以从中探究出当时社会上层生活的实景；二是诗歌中抽象思辨因素的渗入也反应了人类思维发展对艺术影响的必然，至于紧随玄言诗步履而来的山水诗的兴起就是最好的例子，它既体现了诗歌创作对物象的回归，又反映了诗歌创作的一种更高层次上的升华，即对隐藏在山水物象之后的某种精神上的追求，而这中间的一环，无疑应是玄言诗对原始诗歌中朴质物象的舍弃，这才是玄言诗在诗史上的价值所在。

The immanent quality of musicality in poem is expressed as an object in time by language, so lapse of time can be apperceived just as melody in music, when dynamic images in poem form the rhythm.

只有当诗歌语言被用于呈现生命时间本身，诗歌才达到旋律的境界，声韵一变而为神韵。动态意象成就了诗歌的内在节奏，它使得体验者当下的时间音乐化了。律化时间片断的延续构成了生命过程本身，由此抵达诗歌的内在旋律。

However, the "poetical politics" of Taiwan in this period went on a road of "de-politicizing" and "decentralizing", and took the western "modernism" as main resource of poetic spirit and art.

与靠拢、进入&中心话语&的大陆诗歌取向不同，台湾这个时期的&诗歌政治&，选择了&去政治&的、疏离&中心&的&边缘化&道路，并以西方&现代派&作为诗歌精神和诗歌艺术的主要资源。

This discussion contains three aspects. The matriculates by stereotyped writings were the marked feature of Qing dynasty imperial examinations system. The imperial examinations restricted the reading scope of examinees and affected the style of poetry in forepart of Qing dynasty. The techniques of Eight-part Essay were applied in poem learning because of the structural common. Examination poems were operated in all kinds of examinations in Qing dynasty.

本文主要从以下方面进行论述：以八股取士为时代特征的清代科举制约了清代诗人的诗歌积累并影响了清初诗歌的诗风；由于八股文与诗歌存在结构上的共通性，清初诗人常以八股文法学为诗歌；对清代科场加试试帖诗进行了探讨，并研究清初诗赋在各类考试中运用的情况。

This article takes the new time female poetry as the research object, tidies up the origin of the female poetry, forecasts its development tendency, discusses the female poetry characteristics, and analyzes the female consciousness.

本文正是以新时期的女性诗歌为研究对象，梳理女性诗歌的源起，展望其发展趋势，同时探讨了女性诗歌的特色，并就诗歌中流露的女性意识进行分析。

It's an experimental creation period from "Boatman's Elegy" to "Sirius" during which the performance of poetry's perception and the knowing are not mature/Under the influence of the west modernism art, his poetry has been experienced from the new moon romantic to the modernism. It's his mature period from "Lotus's Association" to"Separates the Water Goddess of Mercy". During this time his poetry's intellectuality and sensibility tends to be mature. Through the reconsidering of the westernization, the poet starts to inaugurate a new sky, and the poetry displays a bright neoclassic principle characteristic, then penetrates into the traditional nationality culture;and the "Bestows on from Cercis chinensis" is the deepened time until now which the poet displays for all kinds of practical styles, which includes multiplex characteristic.In his poetry, the intellectuality blends with sensibility, the sensation combined with logos.

从《舟子的悲歌》到《天狼星》是诗人创作的实验期，这一时期诗歌的感性和知性的表现还不成熟，其间由于受西方现代主义艺术的影响，其诗歌经历了从新月浪漫派到现代主义的变化；从《莲的联想》到《隔水观音》是诗人创作的成熟期，这一时期诗歌的感性和知性表现趋于成熟，诗人通过对西化的反思开始&浪子回头&，诗歌表现出鲜明的新古典主义特征，进而深入到民族传统文化之中；而自《紫荆赋》至今是诗人创作的深化期，表现为兼容并蓄的写实风格，并具有多元取向的特征。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。