试验设计

Five novel torsion-mirror optical actuators including double-beam thickness differential structure with single torsional axis, double flexible folded-beam structure with single torsional axis, double-beam vertical torsion comb structure with single torsion axis, four-beam differential compound-micromirror structure with double torsional axis and the combined structure of the four basis forms above, are brought forward. All of these devices could be fabricated by the same silicon micromachining process we have developed. The deformation compensation design with local enhancement for the thin torsional beam which is the key structure of these devices is also put forward to improve the reliability. The three-dimension solid model and two-dimension reduced order model of the torsion-mirror optical actuator are established and then the numerical simulations for evaluating the device characteristics of the statics, dynamics, electrostatic field, mechanical and electrostatic coupling, fluid and solid coupling are carried out to optimize the structure design. Furthermore, three optical fibre clamping structures which could be integrated monolithicly are designed and analyzed to improve the optical coupling capability. 4. Three flexible process flows combined with bulk silicon micromachining and surface silicon micromachining are brought forward to fabricate these novel single-crystal silicon or polysilicon torsion-mirror optical actuators by using the same lithography masks for both SOI wafer and regular silicon wafer. A series of important process experiments are carried out to optimize the process parameters and the process flows. Some novel and typical process phenomena which occurred during the microfabrication are analyzed and then the corresponding solutions are put forward. 5. A MEMS dynamic testing system which exploit blur image synthetic technique, stroboscopic image matching technique, stroboscopic mirau microscopic interferometry technique and microscopic laser dopper vibrometer technique is set up to measure three-dimension and six-freedom micro motions of any MEMS devices with nanometer resolution.

在对硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的光机电特性系统地理论研究的基础上提出了硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的结构设计准则。3、提出了单轴双梁厚度差分结构、单轴双柔性折叠梁结构、单轴双梁垂直扭转梳齿结构、双轴四梁差动复合微镜结构以及以上四种基本结构组合后的衍生结构等五种工艺加工技术兼容的新型的硅微机械扭转镜光致动器，对器件关键结构薄厚度、高耐疲劳扭转梁进行了局部加强的变形补偿设计，建立了器件的三维实体模型以及两维降阶模型，对提出的新结构硅微机械扭转镜光致动器进行了系统的静力学、动力学、静电场、力电耦合和流体固体耦合的建模仿真与优化设计，同时设计并分析了三种可实现单芯片集成的弹性光纤定位夹紧结构。4、提出了组合体硅微加工技术与表面硅微加工技术、兼容同一套光刻版图、可分别基于SOI 晶片和普通Si 晶片、适应于制造提出的各种新结构单晶硅和多晶硅硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的三套柔性加工工艺流程，开展了一系列重要工艺步骤的单项工艺试验，对工艺流程与工艺参数进行了优化，针对加工过程中出现的具有普遍意义的典型工艺问题进行了讨论和分析，并提出了解决方法。5、创新性地将模糊图像合成技术、频闪图像匹配技术、频闪Mirau 显微干涉技术与显微激光多普勒测振技术有机结合，建立起了一套周期运动测量与瞬态运动测量相结合、单点运动测量与全视场运动测量相结合、满足不同MEMS 器件各种动态测试要求的集成的MEMS 三维六自由度微运动精密测量系统。

Based on theoretical way and test, a method of heat capacity design is developed.

文中以某综合传动装置为工程背景，在机械设计学原理指导下，通过理论分析与试验研究，形成一套系统完整的摩擦元件热容量设计方法，并提供可以信赖的设计数据，指导摩擦元件热容量设计。

ARJ21 is under designing and manufacturing in our country, and we will continue the research of big airplane for civil and military use, in order to pass the strict navigability validations. Anti-bird impact analysis can reduce the cost of experiments and improve the design efficiency.

我国正在开展民用支线飞机ARJ21的设计制造工作，未来也将开展大型军民用飞机的研发工作，为了通过严格的抗鸟撞设计适航性验证试验，预先进行飞机结构的抗鸟撞设计分析显得尤为必要，论文正是在这种基础下开展了飞机结构的抗鸟撞仿真设计研究工作。

By using the transfer matrix method of multibody system, the hard problem of computation of the vibration characteristics of LRMLRS coupled with rigid bodies and elastic bodies is solved which is very difficult to the ordinary dynamic methods, and the vibration characteristics of LRMLRS which is varied when the number of rockets in the launch device is varied, is obtained conveniently. By developing augmented eigenvectors of the LRMLRS and its orthogonality conditions, the nonorthogonality problem of the multibody system including rigid bodies and elastic bodies is solved and the exact analysis of the dynamics response of the LRMLRS including rigid bodies and elastic bodies is realized. By using the random integer programming method, the hard optimization problem which contains continuous variables, discrete variables and random variables at the same time is solved. This method provides a technology for optimum design with random variables and discrete variables. The dynamic optimum design is realized to decrease the number of rockets consumption in the LRMLRS test. The simulation system of dispersion of fire is established by using the maximum entropy method to estimate dispersion of fire.

通过应用多体系统传递矩阵法，解决了刚弹耦合远程多管火箭多体系统振动特性这一通常力学方法不便于解决的计算难题，方便地获得了远程多管火箭振动特性及其随发射架上火箭弹个数变化而变化的情况；通过构造增广特征矢量及其正交性条件，解决了刚弹耦合多体系统特征矢量不具有通常意义下的正交性的难题，实现了对刚弹耦合远程多管火箭动力响应的精确分析；应用随机整数规划法，解决了同时考虑连续、离散和随机变量等多种设计变量的优化设计难题，为含随机和离散变量的优化设计提供了手段，实现了减少远程多管火箭试验用弹量的动态优化设计；建立了应用最大熵法估计的密集度仿真系统，优化射序和射击间隔，实现了提高远程多管火箭射击密集度的动态优化。

This design according to distributing the rational principle this time, adopt the way of testing many times, design Model YZ18 vibration road roller transmission progression of gearbox, assign every gear wheel of teeth count rationally, calculate every gear wheel and design the necessary parameter, and adopt the way of calculating according to the job requirements, design transmission gear wheel, axle and bearing at all levels of this gearbox ,etc., carry on the intensity to check to some important spare parts at the same time, so as to ensure the practicability originally designed.

本次设计根据分配合理的原则，采用多次试验的方法，设计了YZ18型振动压路机变速箱的传动级数，合理分配各齿轮的齿数，计算出了各齿轮设计所需的参数，并根据工作要求采用计算的方法，设计出了该变速箱的各级传动齿轮、轴和轴承等，同时对某些重要零部件进行了强度校核，以确保本设计的实用性。

In the design , the system of pull experiment alterate by design.

在本次设计中，主要是设计拉伸试验机系统改造，在这个设计中共分两个部分设计：一部分是机械部分，另一个是控制部分。

In the design , the system of pull experiment alterate by design. there are two part of design :the one part is machine the other is part of design .

在本次设计中，主要是设计拉伸试验机系统改造，在这个设计中共分两个部分设计：一部分是机械部分，另一个是控制部分。

This paper introduces the design characteristics of low-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor for gearless pull-in system of elevator and design measures for suppression of the torque ripples at low speed ,presents the programming methods for the computer-aided design of PMSM using MATLAB,gives the test results of prototype motor,and verifies that the design idea and method are correct.

介绍了用于电梯无齿轮曳引驱动系统的低速永磁同步电动机的设计特点和抑制低速脉动转矩的设计措施，提出了建立在MATLAB平台上的永磁同步电动机计算机辅助设计程序的编程方法，给出了样机试制和试验的结果，证明了设计思想与方法的正确性。

The general design concept in France is discussed in this paper, which integrates ship platform, combat system, torpedo threat, countermeasure design and outside sea trials. To obtain a countermeasure system with low cost and high performance, the design concept of the Scorpene submarine includes the following three sides:(1) optimizing torpedo countermeasures based on torpedo threat characteristics and subsequent operational reactions;(2) integrating combat system and platform;(3) simulating operational reaction efficiency based on actual operational schemes.

本文介绍了法国海军潜艇设计机构长期研制反鱼雷对抗系统所积累的经验，该机构以&天蝎星&潜艇设计为例提出了一种基于将舰艇平台、作战系统、鱼雷威胁、对抗系统设计以及外场海上试验结合在一起综合考虑的整体设计理念，即根据鱼雷的威胁特性和后续的作战响应优化鱼雷对抗系统、集成作战系统与平台，以及基于实战方案进行舰艇反应效率仿真，以此获得低成本高性能的对抗系统。

We use CAD CAM technology designed or made by computer . We also have a lot of specialists and experts in oil pump product deigning craft designing and testing .

计算机辅助设计及辅助制造技术，具有一批从事机油泵产品设计，工艺设计，试验研究等各方面的专业技术人才和专家，有较强的设计，研制，制造机油泵和动力转向泵的工艺设备和技术能力。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。