试验方法

Presently research and evaluation method on it are very limited. Through bending creep test at 0C and bending test at -10C, this thesis studies the crack resistance at different aging condition. Research shows that the aging procedure will greatly reduce the asphalt mixtures crack resistance.

目前对此的研究和评价方法还较少，本文对短期老化和长期老化后的沥青混合料进行了O℃弯曲蠕变试验和-10℃弯曲试验研究，分析了不同老化状态下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性能。

In order to improve the power quality of distribution network system, one of the most effective methods is reactive power compensation. In this paper, the Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator for reactive power compensation was studied, and then the digital controller based on One-cycle control was designed. The waveforms of experimental device based on DSTATCOM of one-cycle control were given in this paper. It can be seen from the results that the fluctuation of DC capacitor voltage is lower, the dynamic response speed of DSTATCOM providing or absorbing reactive power is fast, and the accuracy of steady-state compensation can achieve the requirements of reactive power compensation in engineering basically

为了提高配电网系统的电能质量，对无功功率进行精确补偿是非常有效的方法之一；本文研究了配电网静止同步补偿器用于无功补偿，并设计了单周控制的数字控制器；文中给出了基于单周控制的DSTATCOM无功补偿试验装置工作过程中的波形曲线，从试验结果可见，本文设计的单周控制DSTATCOM无功补偿装置的直流侧电容电压在工作过程中波动较小，装置发出或者吸收无功功率的动态响应速度较快，稳态补偿精度基本能够达到工程中无功补偿的要求。

Based on a large amount of relevant literature the concept ,theory and method of introduction and acclimatization were introduced.

文章正是在阅读大量相关文献的基础上，阐述引种驯化的定义、理论和方法，并对引种驯化的影响因素和引种试验技术进行详细介绍，从而更好的了解引种驯化的全过程，对引种试验的成功开展具有指导作用。

In this thesis , the effects of acid materials on calcareous soil were studied by using laboratory soil trial and pot experiments trail. The text studied effects of acid materials on pH value in calcareous soil ; studied effects of phosphoric acid (H2SO4 as control) on pH value and micronutrient availability ; studied relation between P and available Fe, Zn in plant; studied effects of acid material on growth of acidophilic plant.

本文采用室内模拟试验和盆栽试验相结合的方法，研究了不同酸性物质对石灰性土壤的酸化效果；磷酸和硫酸对石灰性土壤pH值及微量元素有效性的影响；植物体内磷、有效铁、锌的关系；不同酸性基质对嗜酸植物生长的影响。

Two-equation turbulence model is used in numerical simulation for the side-air burner, compared with the practical measures and tests, good accordance achives. This method can bring great convenience in analyzing aerodynamical field of boiler. Secondly the method of XRD is used in analyzing the phase transformation in the course of dynamic slagging test, so we can describe the process of slagging comparatively accurately. Last this paper introduces a kind of fuzzy mathematics model which comprises an assemblage combined by seven change factor.

本文首先采用k—ε双方程模型对水煤浆侧边风燃烧器进行了数值模拟，并与实际锅炉燃烧器冷态调试试验结果对比，结果吻合较好，这为我们分析炉内空气动力场特性提供了参考；其次对锅炉结渣动态特性试验，采用XRD的分析方法，较为准确的描述了实际锅炉结渣的过程；最后为了准确的判断出水煤浆的结渣倾向，本文对锅炉结渣的七个影响因素提出了模糊综合判断模型，正确的反映出了该水煤浆的结渣倾向。

Firstly the k-e two-equation turbulence model is used in numerical simulation of the flow field ,compared with the practical measures and tests, good accordance achives. This method can bring great convenience in analyzing aerodynamical field of boiler. Secondly the method of ash-composition, ash-melting-point, XRD is used in analyzing the phase transformation in the course of dynamic slagging test, so we can describe the process of slagging comparatively accurately. Last this paper introduces a kind of fuzzy mathematics model which comprises an assemblage combined by seven change factor.

接着采用标准k—ε双方程模型对炉内冷态空气动力场进行了数值模拟，并与实际锅炉燃烧器冷态调试试验结果对比，结果吻合较好，这为我们分析炉内流场提供了参考；其次对锅炉静态、动态特性试验，采用灰成分分析、灰熔点测试及X光衍射物相分析方法，较为准确的描述了实际锅炉结渣过程；为了准确的判断出水煤浆的结渣倾向，本文对锅炉结渣的七个影响因素提出了模糊综合判断模型，正确的反映出了该水煤浆的结渣倾向。

Based on a thorough analysis of the character and mechanism of city-retaining-wall structures, the design theories, construction technology, new wall types and development tendency are deeply discussed. Besides, the characteristics of various types of city retaining wall are discussed, and the usual methods for earth pressure calculation are summarized. For the anchored bar retaining wall, the anti-pulling bearing mechanism of anchored bar is first probed into, from which anti-pullforce computation method are obtained. Combined with quite a few engineering examples and spot tests, the advised design and calculation methods of anchored bar are verified. From the abundant spot measured date, an adjusted hyperbolic model is put forward to determine the anti-pullforce bearing capacity. Furthermore, a new type of H-like block retaining structure is advised with its working mechanism deeply discussed as well.

本文在综合分析目前常用城市挡土结构的特点及其受力特性等基础上，针对一般挡土墙设计理论、施工技术、新型结构以及未来的发展趋势进行了深入探讨，论述了城市挡土结构的特点，并对常用土压力理论进行了综述，介绍了城市挡土墙常见的类型，并介绍了常规的设计理论和方法；通过分析比较，优选出锚杆挡土结构和砌块式挡土结构，并从锚杆锚固原理出发，结合工程实践和大量现场试验、对锚杆的抗拔承载力进行了深入研究，提出了用调整双曲线模型法计算锚杆抗拔承载力的方法，对土压力计算方法进行了探讨，对其设计计算方法进行了研究。

It's an effective measure of fast valving in improving the dynamic stabilities of power system and preventing the overspeed of steam turbines, but the fast valving technique available can satisfy the need of modern steam turbines no more. On the basis of the new type fluid logic valve, which combines the regulating systems and safety systems happily, the steam turbine EHC based on new principle is put forward, one of its outstanding characteritics is, the fast valving is operating in a closed control loop. For the implementation of control for steam generator regulation and safety systems with nonlinear mult-operating modes, a new methodology for designing a fuzzy logic controller is proposed, which is based on the combination of"error phase plane"and"variable universe of discourse". Application of a double-mode FLC with the new methodology is presented, the validity of the design methodolody is desmonstrated by test; A new methodolody is also presented to improve the design and tuning of a FLC using variable structure control theory.

本文还详细讨论了快关控制在提高电力系统暂态稳定性及超速保护中的应用，分析了现有的快关控制规律的局限性，研究出一种基于新型快关阀的汽轮机电液控制系统，其突出特点是使汽轮机闭环快关成为现实，指出这种基于新的组成原理与设计方法的汽轮机电液控制系统对不同工况下的适应能力；针对汽轮发电机组多工况、非线性的特点，提出一种把&误差相平面&方法与&可变论域&思想有机结合的双模FLC设计与调整的新方法，试验结果表明该系统具有良好的动、静态特性；为改善FLC控制规则的设计与调整，作者还介绍了一种把滑模变结构理论成功应用于模糊系统设计的新方法。

This dissertation has combined model experiment and numerical simulation and detailedly analyzed the SPRT and hydraulic grade line method for leak detection. This method is superior to others on low expense and simple maintenance. It is practical for actual projects

本文综合运用了模型试验和数值计算的方法对输液管道泄漏监测方法进行了较全面的分析，得到了瞬态识别和稳态定位的监测方法，该方法简单易行并且造价低对长距离输液管道的泄漏监测非常实用。

Through the method of emulative calculation with test,this paper studied the way of ramp jump-start of freight train with roller bearing,gave the jump-start method that not compressing couple,releasing and loading were all work together at the same time.

通过仿真计算与实际试验相结合的方法，对滚动轴承货物列车在上坡道上起车的方法进行了研究和分析，得出了采用不压缩车钩、缓解与加载同步进行的起车方法，并将这一方法付之实施，取得较好的实际效

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新