试验方法

The useful and important tests of sensibility are: testing the vibratory sensation with tuning fork, vibrometer testing for vibratory thresholds, von Frey testing (determined by Semmes－ Weinstein nylon monofilaments or Pressure－ Specifying Discriminator) for cutaneous pressure thresholds, measurement of static and moving two－ point discrimination with the Disk－ Criminator, Moberg's ninhydrin test, O'Rain skin wrinkling test, Picking－ up test, Tinel's sign and electrodiagnostic test.

此文对临床上重要且实用的皮肤感觉功能测定方法如音叉皮肤振动觉定性检查、振动觉阈的振动器定量测定、Semmes－Weinstein尼龙单丝或Pressure－SpecifyingDiscri minator行皮肤压觉阈的测定、用Disk－Criminator进行静止和运动的两点辨别觉测定、茚三酮试验、O'Rain指腹皮肤皱缩试验、捡物试验、Tinel's征电生理检查以及这些检查方法在神经断裂、神经卡压及神经损伤或修复后的恢复等情况中的应用和评价作一讨论。

In this paper, the author describes a new dynamic termination method based on sequential life testing and failure termination.

为解决这一问题，提出了寿命试验的动态截尾方法，利用该方法研究寿命服从指数型分布产品的可靠性试验，提出了试验动态截尾的数据处理模型及判据。

This paper systematically provides an overview of recent developments in small punch test technology including empirical and computational methods for determining elasto-plastic parameters from the measured data of small punch test. The computational methods involve finite element and parameter method, inverse finite element procedure, finite element and inverse methodology, inverse identification based on artificial neural networks, finite element optimization, shape deformation and hybrid inverse procedure et al.

本文系统综述小冲杆试验的测量技术及从测量数据来确定材料弹塑性参数的各种经验方法和计算方法，例如有限元分析和参数法、反向有限元法、有限元和反方法、反向识别和人工神经网络、有限元优化和试验变形形状以及杂交反方法等。

The protocol for the detections of all the AIV isolates, the H5-subtype and the optimization of reactions were studied with a H5-subtype reference isolate BSG1. A 229bp-band of AIV specific and a 380bp-band of H5 subtype specific were amplified individually with the designed primers of AIV specific and H5-subtype specific respectively by the developed RT-PCR technique from isolate BSG1. A double-PCR was also developed which can detect all the AIVs and identify the H5-subtype AIVs. The results of specificity experiment showed that there was no specific band could be amplified with the samples of Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, egg drop syndrome virus and infectious bursal disease virus.

结果应用通用引物可从BSG1毒株扩增到与预计大小相符的229bp AIV特异性片段，应用H5亚型鉴定引物则可从BSG1毒株扩增到与预计大小相符的380bp H5亚型特异性片段；在此基础上建立了可检测所有AIV毒株以及可同时进行H5亚型毒株鉴定的二重RT-PCR方法；检测方法的特异性试验结果表明，该方法对新城疫病毒、传染性支气管炎病毒、传染性喉气管炎病毒、产蛋下降综合症、传染性法氏囊病毒无交叉反应；检测方法的敏感性试验结果表明，通用引物扩增、H5亚型特异性引物扩增以及二重PCR扩增反应的组织样品总RNA的最低检出量分别为0.0217μg、0.0217μg和2.17μg；对20份临床样品检测中，有10份为AIV阳性，其中有5份为H5亚型病毒阳性。

At the same time combined with indoor maximum dry density test,this paper discusses the possibility that rock-filling construction quantity .Then data of densification quantity examination under the condition ofdifferent filling material.densification machinery.densification parameter and lay-down thickness are collected as the analytic object. On the basis of making a statistical analysis of experiment data ,supervisory standard and assessment method of settlement difference and settlement ratio that adopted to examine rock-filling embankment construction quantity are put forward systematically At last carrying on settlement observation tests of rock-filling embankment in different construction stage in different layer ,the dependability of assessment method is validated.

同时结合室内最大干密度试验，讨论了表面沉降法作为填石路基施工质量检测手段的可行性和可靠性；然后通过汇总不同填料、不同压实机械、不同压实参数和不同摊铺厚度条件下的压实质量检测数据作为分析对象，在对试验数据进行了统计分析的基础上，较为系统地提出了以沉降沉降差及沉降率作为填石路基施工质量检测指标的评定方法和相应的管理标准值；最后通过对填石路基试验段进行不同填筑时期不同层位的沉降观测试验，验证了评定方法的可靠性。

Based on investigating the short and intermittent structural plane, surrounding rockmass of the huge underground powerhouse in Three Gorge has been divided into five statistical similar areas according to its characteristic of rockmass structure by applying structure plane network simulation. Distributed characteristic of structural plane has been studied and based on it mechanics macrocharacteristic has been studied:(1) It is the first time that based on the result of structural plane network simulation rockmass quality of every structure area has been studied with applying blurred information optimum seeking technique and be compared with and RQD method. The result indicated that it has better effect to evaluate rock quality with blurred information optimum seeking technique.(2) It is the first time that the interrelated relationship of the result of in-suit rockmass deformation test and fractal characteristic of structure on test point has been applied to determine rockmass deformation parameter. The question of evaluating deformation parameters of engineering rockmass has been solved.(3) Anisotropy strength parameters have been determined by applying shear zones simulating method. The result indicated that there are different strength parameters in every structural area, after comparing the result of Fast Lagranian Analysis in continua number simulation method with that of method of weighted mean according to continuity. The result indicated that when a suitable reduction coefficient is been considered rockmass strength parameters can be simply and fast determined with method of weighted mean according to continuity where there is not enough test result.(4) Damage characteristic has been studied based on analysis fractal characteristic of structural plane network by applying fractal-damage coupling method. It is the first time that the concept of damage degree has been set up to evaluate rockmass quality according to the biggest principal damage.

通过对短小、断续性结构面统计特征的研究，将地下厂房区划分为五个岩体结构统计均质区，应用结构面网络模拟技术研究了各个岩体结构均质区结构面的发育分布特征，并以此为基础对岩体宏观力学特性进行了深入研究：(1)首次通过在结构面网络模拟计算结果的基础上，应用模糊信息优化技术研究了厂房区各个岩体结构分区的岩体质量并与岩体基本质量指标研究法、岩体质量指标RQD值研究法作了对比，结果表明以结构面网络模拟结果为基础，应用模糊信息优化技术进行岩体质量评价能够取得很好的效果，解决了工程岩体质量的定量评价问题；(2)首次通过对已有的现场大型岩体变形试验结果的分析及相应试验点岩体结构分形特征的研究，建立了结构面分布的分形维数和岩体变形指标间的相关关系，并首次应用这种相关关系根据结构面网络模拟及分形维数计算结果确定了缺少试验结果的地下厂房各工程部位的岩体变形指标而且应用于围岩稳定性计算，解决了工程岩体宏观变形参数的评价问题；(3)应用在结构面模拟网络图上模拟岩体剪切破坏带的方法，得出了岩体在不同方向上的强度参数，结果表明岩体的强度特性与结构面的发育方向和程度有着明显的关系，各个岩体结构均质区具有不同的强度参数；同时还通过应用拉格朗日差分法对岩体强度指标的数值分析并与按连通率加权平均计算法对比表明，按连通率加权平均计算法在考虑合理的折减系数情况下，可以简单快速地对缺少现场大型试验结果的具体工程部位实现岩体强度指标的估计，通过以上研究解决了工程岩体抗剪强度参数的评价问题；(4)通过结构面网络分形维数的研究，应用分形损伤耦合分析方法，研究了厂房区岩体的损伤特征，并首次引入"损伤度"的概念，建立了应用最大主损伤评价岩体质量的指标体系。

The clinical criteria for both diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of disease are also needed. To include all symptoms, tongue manifestations and pulse presentations into case report form, and to compare the differences in these clinical parameters between effective and noneffective cases by multivariate analysis may be helpful to find more specific indications for therapeutic protocol of TCM. Furthermore, It is suggested that two or more clinical trials on one therapeutic protocol are needed to identify its accurate indications.

中医药规范化治疗方案的研究必须体现中医基本理论，遵循现代医学临床试验设计方法以及利用现代医学关于疾病诊断和疗效判断的标准，应将中医证候相关信息纳入临床试验的检查项目之中，开展两次或多次的临床试验，利用多元统计分析方法，对比分析有效和无效人群的特点，寻求与中医药治疗方案有效结局相关的主观症状、舌象和脉象，从而找到该治疗方案的最佳适应症，形成规范的治疗方案。

In this paper, the following experimental and theoretical investigations have been carried out: friction materical behavior tests, structure model experiments under low frequency cyclic and reversed loading, structure model dynamic experiments on shaking talbe, researches on dynamic analysis method and engineering design method for braced frame structure with friction control.

对二级摩擦控制支撑框架结构进行了摩擦材料的试验研究、低周反复荷载下结构模型的试验研究、振动台的动力试验研究、结构动力分析方法的研究以及摩擦控制支撑框架设计方法的研究。

Form April to July, 1975, and 1977, a series of artificial stimulating precipitation experiments by seeding clouds with, metaldehyde and silver-iodine from the ground by the small rockets were carried out in Gutian reservoir region of Fujian province.

1975年和1977年4—7月，在福建古田水库地区进行了由小火箭携带介乙酸和碘化银播云的人工降水试验，采用区域回归随机试验方案，利用统计方法检验效果。试验对象主要是系统天气影响下的降水性层状云和积状云，以三小时时段为试验单元，总共进行了62次随机试验，其中实际作业31次，对比试验31次。

Chicken feed of model 661 is regarded as raw material of pellet feed, the influence that experimental factors including modulation-character temperature, modulation-character moisture, grease-additive quantity, and comminuting granularity have on making pellet quality, productivity, and electricity consumption. UG and ANSYS are regarded as simulating circumstance in finite element analysis, for problem on service life of the machine, evaluation index that average stress of a series of parameterized loop die is regarded as service life of hoop standard granulator is achieved by dynamic, static, and thermal structure coupling analysis for key part: loop die of the machine. For every influencing factor the experimental arrangement of array and combination is made by adopting optimizing idea and method of experimental design, the aim of quantification analysis is strived to arrive.

在试验设计中，采用正交试验的方法，以611型鸡饲料作为颗粒饲料的原料，分析混合饲料的调质温度、调质水分、油脂添加量、粉碎粒度等试验因素对制粒质量、生产率、电耗的影响；有限元分析中以UG、ANSYS作为仿真环境，针对制粒机使用寿命的问题，通过对环模制粒机中的关键零件环模进行动力、静力、热结构耦合分析，获得一系列参数化后的环模的平均应力作为环模使用寿命的评价指标；以实验设计的优化思想和有限元分析方法对各个影响因素作了排列组合式的实验安排，力求达到量化分析的目的。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。