词语理解

To study and know English affixation well is one of the most efficient ways to enlarge vocabulary rapidly, reinforce memory of words that have been learnt, grasp meanings of words further, and use words in suitable situations.

我们在英语学习中，要迅速扩大词汇量、巩固已学的词汇、加深理解词义、善于运用词语，学习和了解英语的词缀法是最有效的途径之一。

He has a marvelous understanding of words and the Times crossword puzzle is kid's stuff for him.

他对词语有奇特的理解能力，泰晤士报上的横纵填字字谜对他来说简直太容易了。

Capacity: According to the color word commendatory and derogatory to improve students ability to understand and use words.

能力：根据词褒义与贬义的色彩，提高学生理解和运用词语的能力。

In addition to the same social concern, Empson's verbal analysis, especially in his Seven Types of Ambiguity, implies a more important concern and understanding towards life itself.

燕卜荪的词语分析，尤其是《含混七型》里，除了同样表现出这种社会关怀外，更重要的是表现了燕卜荪作为诗人和批评家对于生命本身的关注和理解。

Basing on the principle of child-orientation, this thesis tries to take the chinese versions of the wind in the willows by kenneth grahame as an example to expound that language in translated text of fairy-tale should be adapted to children's age, aesthetic judgment, capabilities of understanding and receiving, and the needs of growing. the translated text should be readable, rhymed and colloquial, therefore genteel words and narrative tone like adult should be avoided.

基于儿童本位原则，本文尝试以kenneth grahame的 the wind in the willows的中文译本为例，阐述翻译童话时所采用的语言应切合儿童的年龄、审美观点、理解接受能力及成长的需要，译作必须是可读的，韵律优美的和口语化的，避免运用文绉绉的词语和成人的叙述口吻。

The purpose of the research is to find out the ILS, and to bring forward corresponding countermeasures.

本研究目的在于找出影响高中生阅读理解能力发展的跨文化词语障碍，提出消除此障碍的可行的对策。

After published my original article Little Girl Entered the Final, I got response from a friend whose nickname is Hubeidaily. He gave me the suggestion that I should use the simplest words in my article since "every reader has various understanding of English"(I think it should be "every reader has different level in English", in fact, I don't think I employed many rare words in it).

在发了"小女生进入决赛"一帖后，得到一名为Hubeidaily的朋友的响应，并给我提了个建议说，我应当在文章中使用最简单的词语，原因是"每位读者对英语有不同的理解"（本人认为应是"每位读者的英语水平不同"，其实，我认为我并未在该帖中使用了太多的生僻单词），他认为帖子应当适合所有人是可以理解的。

Pragmatic presupposition determines the choice of information focus and its position in a sentence,organizes the discourse into a coherent whole,concise,clear and smooth,and achieves the expected stylistic effects.in college english teaching,if teachers teach the knowledge about pragmatic presupposition in listening teaching,introduce the frequently-seen patterns of presupposition, increase the presuppositional sensitivity of students to certain words and structures,guide students to use the theory on presuppositional information to make forecasts on base of written listening material,listen purposefully,and get rid of the distraction of the minor and redundant information,the ability of students to obtain major information and linguistic inference will be strengthened and their listening competence will improve remarkably.george yule divided presuppositional triggers into factive presupposition,non-factive presupposition,counter-factive presupposition,existential presupposition,lexical presupposition and structural presupposition.presuppositional triggers are helpful for us to understand the true intention of the speaker or writer.in college english reading teaching,if teachers introduce the discourse organizing function of pragmatic presupposition and the relevant presupposition triggers,and teach students to use these triggers to communicate with the writer,the comprehension competence of students will be greatly enhanced.the essential function of presupposition is to build a framework for the further development of discourse.in college english writing teaching,teachers can use the theory on pragmatic presupposition to construct a handy training program for textual organization,increase the textual coherence, economy and structural perfection of the english writings by students.in college english translation teaching,teachers should focus on developing the pragmatic presuppositional thinking of students,enable them to grasp the presupposed information in source text / speech exactly,understand the original thoroughly,correctly reorganize and reproduce the pragmatic presuppositions in the target language,carry out the functional equivalence in translation and successfully realize the smooth and accurate communication.with the instruction of pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,the complete understanding and integral acquisition of english and chinese of students will come true.in conclusion,to implement the curriculum requirements for college english teaching promulgated by the ministry of education of china,we should emphasize the instruction of the theory on pragmatic presupposition in college english teaching,carry it through from beginning to end.it's one of the important means to realize the college english teaching reform, improve the effects of college english teaching,strengthenr the practical and integrative language abilities of students,in order to cultivate the compound talents to adapt to the global integration and meet the requirements of the reform and opening in china.

在大学英语教学中，教师将语用预设知识贯穿于听力教学过程中，讲授一些常出现的预设类型，提高学生对一些特定的词语和结构的预设敏感度，引导学生运用预设信息理论对听力文字材料进行预测，有的放矢，排除次要、冗余信息的干扰，增强获取主要信息的能力和语言推理能力，从而提。。。更多高学生的听力理解水平。george yule将预设触发语分为事实预设、非事实预设、反事实预设、存在预设、词汇预设和结构预设，触发语有助于我们在阅读当中理解作者的真正用意。在大学英语阅读教学中，介绍语用预设的语篇组织功能和有关的预设触发语，并利用触发语来与作者进行交流，会极大地提高阅读理解能力。预设的基本功能就是为语篇的进一步发展建立一个框架。利用语用预设理论可以为大学英语写作教学构建一个易于操作的篇章组织训练方法，提高学生英语写作的语篇连贯性，经济性和结构优化。在大学英语翻译教学中，注重培养学生的语用预设思维，准确把握源语的前提信息，透彻理解原文，使语用预设在目的语中正确重组和再现，实现翻译的功能对等，交际的流畅性和准确性，并增强学生对英汉双语的全面性认识和整体性习得。综上所述，为更好地贯彻和实施教育部颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》，在大学英语教学中重视语用预设理论的传授，使语用预设贯穿于大学英语教学的始终，是实现大学英语教学改革的重要手段，改善大学英语教学效果，增强学生的实用综合语言能力，培养符合全球一体化趋势，适应改革开放要求的复合型人才。

Underuse, overuse, wrong use and monotonous use of linking words. The four kinds of problems can be analyzed in greater detail. For example, underuse of linking words includes lack of linking words between clauses, between sentences, and between paragraphs; overuse of linking words consists of overuse of and, overuse of compound sentences, overuse of linking words in paragraph, and others; wrong use of linking words concern wrong use of linking words similar in form while different in meaning, wrong writing of linking words; wrong use of linking words because of wrongly understanding the logic relation between the linked parts, and others.

少用连接词语又分为分句与分句之间缺乏连接词语、句子与句子之间缺乏连接词语和段落与段落之间缺乏连接词语；滥用连接词语又分为滥用and、滥用复合句、语段中滥用连接词语和其它滥用连接词语的情况；错误使用连接词语又分为想当然使用意思或形式相近的连接词语、理解正确但记忆模糊造成连接词语书写错误、错误理解被连接成分之间的逻辑关系而错误使用连接词语以及其它错误使用连接词语的情况；连接词语单调的结论是通过对统计数据进行分析得出来的。

In this paper, we propose a new approach to spoken Chinese understanding which combines statistical and rule-based methods. In this approach, the semantic classification trees which are built by the semantic rules automatically learned from the training data are used to disambiguate key words related to the sentences' shallow semantic meaning, and then, a statistical model is used to extract the whole sentence's domain action.

本文面向口语自动翻译提出了一种统计和规则相结合的汉语口语理解方法，该方法利用统计方法从训练语料中自动获取语义规则，生成语义分类树，然后利用语义分类树对待解析的汉语句子中与句子浅层语义密切相关的词语进行解析，最后再利用统计理解模型对各个词语的解析结果进行组合，从而获得整个句子的浅层语义领域行为。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。