诉讼程序

The civil pretrial procedure is a very important step in civil procedure.

民事审前准备程序是民事诉讼中一个十分重要的阶段。

The reform in pretrial procedure should comform to demands of the value of fairness and efficiency.

改革审前准备程序应当以公正和效率为价值取向，在诉讼模式的选择上采辩论主义与职权进行主义相结合的模式。

In derivative suit, the article studied these issues: the parties, plaintiff"s faith, right and obligation,demand requirement and the qualificatory request to plaintiff. Security-for-expenses went gown very well with scholars, but the author doesn"t think so in view of actual facts in China.

在派生诉讼中，对当事人、前置程序、原告股东资格限制、对原告股东代表公正性的要求、原告股东的权利和责任等方面本文都一一讨论并提出笔者自己的立法建议，但学者普遍接受的费用担保制度笔者结合我国实际情况认为可暂不设立。

Action right of shareholder;derivative suit;prior procedure;action of infringement

股东诉权；派生诉讼；前置程序；侵害行为

This paper examines 10 asp ects of the Right to Keep Silent, 1 pinpointing the differences between the right to keep silent and the right of not being coerced into criminal confession; 2 arguing that the rule of all criminal behavior is made so by statute, the protection of human rights and the equality of the defendant and the plaintiff cannot justify the right to keep silent; 3 no

本文通过十个方面对沉默权制度相关问题作了分析，揭示了沉默权与不被强迫自证其罪特权之间的不同点，指出无罪推定原则、人权保障原则和控辩平等原则不能成为沉默权制度具有正当性的理由，而且沉默权制度缺乏道德基础，不能与我国刑事诉讼证明标准和坦白制度并存，不能有效遏制刑讯逼供，也不利于实现实体公正，并对在有关沉默权制度的讨论中存在的"程序本位主义"倾向作了批驳。

The patent infringement and invalidation proceeding typically run in parallel to each other.

专利侵权诉讼和无效宣告程序一般并行进行。

The theoretical bedrock of procedural contract is the principle of procedural subjectivity and the self-rule theory of private rights.

诉讼合同存在的理论基础是程序主体性原则和私权自治。

To construct a clearer sentencing procedure, allowng factors to be clearly identified of relevance in decision-making so that it will be better for long-term empirical data collection and statistical analysis. In advance, it may assist the Judicial Yuan to enact the "Intellectual Property Cases of Sentencing Reference Regulation," which can establish a practical and predictable scientific reference guideline for regulation of sentencing.

2架构刑事诉讼之量刑程序，提供法官充足资料以资科刑审酌之考量，并落实在判决书中对於量刑因素之具体呈现与叙明，以利於实证资料之长期搜集及统计分析，并进阶帮助司法院颁行之「智慧财产案件量刑参考要点」能建立实际可行且具科学预测性之量刑参考规范。

So,it should be strictly limited and set up the system of limit retry to make it accord with the lawsuit theory of fair and efficiency even more.

因此，应对审判监督程序加以严格限制，建立有限再审制度，使其更符合公正与效率的诉讼理论。

A argumentation held in this thesis is that solatium for mental injury and compensation for death are independent from each other and can be demanded all together.

笔者认为：死亡赔偿金和精神损害抚慰金是相互独立诉讼请求项，二者可以同时主张，并认为医疗案件适用法律并不存在"二元化"的基础，应当统一为"医疗损害案件"，适用统一的法律和程序。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。