诉讼当事人

Where by this clause any dispute or difference is to be referred to arbitration the making of an award shall be a condition precedent to any right of action by either party against the other.

一旦按本条款之规定将争议或分歧提交仲裁，必须待作出裁定后，一方当事人方享有对另一方当事人提起诉讼的权利。

Where by this clause any dispute or diffence is to be referred to arbitration the making of an sward shall be a condition precedent to any right of action by either party against the other.

一旦按本条款之规定将争议或分歧提交仲裁，必须待作出裁定后，一方当事人方享有对另一方当事人提起诉讼的权利。

As for the process in the civil public interest litigation system, we shall set up relevant prepositive process and prompting mechanism in the civil litigation, limit the litigant's power of disposition, and intensify the court's guide in the civil public interest litigation.

此外，在建构民事公益诉讼的程序时，还应设置相应的民事公益诉讼的前置程序、激励机制、当事人处分权的限制和法院对民事公益诉讼职权指挥的加强等四个方面。

As to the properness of the party,the sole decisive element is impartiality and representation.The properness of the defendant shall be taken into account with the corporation's litigation status and the corporation is deemed as a joint—action party.

在当事人适格方面，决定原告资格的惟一条件是股东的公正性和代表性；被告的适格问题必须与公司的诉讼地位一并考虑，公司在股东代表诉讼中处于共同诉讼的参加人。

Terminologically, it seems that there is no "hermeneutic right" in Anglo-American genealogy of law; yet we have found that judges have more and more administrative power and the power of command in Britain and the United States in civil actions from the 20 Century.

但我们可以看到进入20世纪以后，英美国家民事诉讼中法官对诉讼的管理权、指挥权明显增多，而这些职权行使的目的是为了促进诉讼、维护当事人之间的平衡等，其与大陆法系国家行使释明权的目的并无二致，因此，本人认为，虽然英美国家没有"释明权"的称谓，但存在实质意义上的释明权制度。

The concept of judge's elucidatory authority is a basic rule in the country's civil accusation of continental legal system, which helps to maintain justice of the entity and procedure, improve accusation efficiency, guarantee the accusation right of litigants.

释明权制度是大陆法系国家民事诉讼制度中一项基本制度，其有利于维护实体和程序上的公正，提高诉讼效率，保障当事人的诉讼权利。

In nature, the concept of judge's elucidatory authority is the supplement to and restrictions on argue-orientedness, compensating for accusation injustice, accusation delay and high cost of accusation caused by complete litigant-orientedness.

本质上，释明权制度是对辩论主义的补充和限制，以弥补彻底的当事人主义带来的诉讼不公、诉讼迟延、以及诉讼成本过高等问题。

Pretrial conference is an important and unique litigation regulation ofAmerica. It has two main purposes: firstly, to identify and narrow issues, toestablish schedule of the case, to facilitate trial and improve efficency of thelitigation;secondly, to helo parties to understand the strongness and weaknessof their claims and defences, to help parties to reach settlement to resolve thecase.

审前会议是美国民事诉讼中重要而又独特的一项诉讼制度，其主要功能包括两个方面：第一，明确和限制案件争点，为整个案件审理确立日程安排，从而便利庭审进行和提高诉讼效率；第二，通过法官主持的审前会议，让当事人充分了解自身主张的强弱和案件的是非曲直，从而促进案件得以和解。

Meanwhile this study will be helpful to the reform of our country's litigation scheme and concrete litigating system, the theoretical preparation for deepening the reform of civil trial form and the fulfillment of the value of civil procedure.

同时，研究当事人收集证据权利的程序保障，有助于我国诉讼体制及具体诉讼制度的改革，有助于为民事审判方式改革的深化作理论上的准备，有助于民事诉讼程序价值的实现。

The in-court pronouncing judgment, in accordance with pronouncing the judgment on a fixed day, is an important system adopted in the modern civil actions. It refers to an action that after the close of court debate, the chief judge of a collegial panel or the single judge declares the final sentence to legally open or not open civil cases through recessing the court to collegial discussion or making conclusions independently by the single judge.

当庭宣判作为现代民事诉讼中的一项重要制度，与定期宣判相对应，是指人民法院对经依法公开或不公开审理的民事案件，在法庭辩论终结后，经休庭合议或者由独任法官独立做出判决结论，由合议庭审判长或者独任法官当场向到庭参加开庭的当事人、其他诉讼参与人以及旁听人员公开宣告案件裁判结果的诉讼活动。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。