诉讼当事人

Then with statistical analysis of the range of self-incriminating cases, the results of the first instance, the judicial organization of the first instance, the surrogate and advocacy of the first instance and of the second instance, I found, in practice, the self-incriminating cases have the following characteristics: The range of self-incriminating cases is small which mainly focus on 10 imputations; no public prosecution into private prosecution; the verdicts still lie a very important position, among which are lots of guilty verdicts; intermediation is the main way in ending a case, however, the intermediation system is not normative in practice; the cases of defendants escape is increasing, as a result, the suspension of private prosecution is also increasing; the court more depend on collegial bench, and less summary procedure; the party make less use of the system of surrogate and advocacy; the methods of processing mode are flexible in the second instance, etc.

在这样的基础上，通过对自诉案件范围、一审处理结果、一审审判组织情况、一审代理辩护情况、二审审理情况的统计分析，发现实践中自诉程序有如下特点：自诉案集中在10个罪名，自诉案件的范围很小；没有公诉转自诉案件；判决在自诉案件的审理中仍然占有重要地位，其中有罪判决占大多数；调解是自诉案件结案的主要方式，但是各地调解制度在运行中都不规范也不统一；被告人逃跑的案例在某些地方有增多的趋势，中止审理的自诉案随之增加；多种因素导致法院更多的以合议庭来审理自诉案件，而较少独任审判和适用简易程序；自诉案件当事人对诉讼代理和辩护制度的利用率不高；二审自诉案件的处理方式灵活等等。

A Take all necessary legislative, administrative and other measures to prohibit and eliminate prejudicial treatment on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity at every stage of the judicial process, in civil and criminal proceedings and all other judicial and administrative proceedings which determine rights and obligations, and to ensure that no one's credibility or character as a party, witness, advocate or decision-maker is impugned by reason of their sexual orientation or gender identity

a采取所有必要的立法、行政和其他措施，以确保在审判程式的各个阶段中，在民事和刑事诉讼程式和所有其他确定权利和责任的司法和行政程式中禁止和消除基於性倾向或性别认同的不公平待遇，以及确保任何人作为当事人、证人、律师或决裁决者的信用或角色不因其性倾向或性别认同而受到非难

Article 49 Any citizen, legal person and any other organization may become a party to a civil action.

第四十九条公民、法人和其他组织可以作为民事诉讼的当事人。

In the area of adjudication, by contrast to the experience approach of the parties and others, the cognitional approach of the fact-finder is deductive cognition.

在诉讼活动中，裁判者对案件事实的熟悉属于回溯性熟悉，而当事人等主体的熟悉则可以是直接感知。

It is highly significant to solve the problem of international jurisdictional conflicts of civil affairs, make the litigants'lawsuits convenient,lighten the working burden of court, and even promote international cooperation and the comity of nations .

内容摘要：盛行于英美法系国家的不方便法院原则，对于解决国际民事管格权冲突、方便当事人诉讼、减轻法院负担及促进国际合作与礼让具有重要意义。

The defendant in criminal proceeding should have a basic right of demurring at the jurisdiction of trial .

刑事被告人对审判管辖权异议申请应当是当事人的一项基本诉讼权利。

Cross-examination is one of the most characteristic institutions of the antagonistic lawsuits.

交叉询问是当事人主义对抗制诉讼模式中最具特色的制度之一。

This study on the development of evidence for the contradictory rules, rules of cross-examination of the West today, the parties and litigation have had a profound impact.

这在证据学上发展为矛盾规则、交叉询问法则，对今天西方的当事人主义诉讼模式产生了深刻的影响。

Said woman client to Clarence Darrow, after he had won her legal case.

一位女当事人在克拉伦斯。达罗为她胜了诉讼后说道。

These proceedings served no further purpose than to embitter parties and make the Government all the more determined to extirpate the sect.

这些诉讼没有任何进一步的目的是为了embitter当事人，使政府都更坚决铲除邪教。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。