诉讼当事人

A pleader may either state as a cross-claim against a co-party any claim that the co-party is or may be liable to the cross-claimant for all or part of a claim asserted in the action against the cross-claimant; or move for judgment for contribution against any other joint judgment debtor, where in a single action a judgment has been entered against joint tortfeasors one of whom has discharged the judgment by payment or has paid more than his pro rata share thereof.

在单一诉讼中，针对共同请求人中一人已经通过清偿履行判决或者支付了超过其按份份额的判决，诉讼当事人可能既可以陈述作为针对共同当事人交叉请求的任何关于共同当事人任何应该或者可能应该对针对交叉诉状提出的交叉诉讼中的全部或者部分负责的请求；也可以关于针对任何其他共同判决债务人的分摊判决的动议。

It is generally assumed that lay jurors tend to overestimate the probative value of hearsay testimony, particularly when the litigants are deprived of the opportunity to cross-examine a declarant who is not a witness in the proceeding.

据普遍的推定，外行的陪审员倾向于过高估计传闻证言的证明价值，尤其是当诉讼当事人被剥夺反法问的机会、不能盘问本人并非诉讼中的证人的陈述人时。

In the feudal society of China, prison was inseparably connected with lawsuit.

因此，监狱往往成为诉讼当事人在整个诉讼过程中的必经之地。

"As a former prosecutor , commercial litigator , district court judge and appellate judge, she certainly brings a wealth of unique experience."

"作为曾经的检举人，商业诉讼当事人，地区法院法官和诉讼法官，她确实带来了许多独一无二的经验。"

The proving of the negative fact is important part in the law suit proving and is an important means to vindicate the party rights and interests.

消极事实的证明是诉讼证明的重要组成部分，是诉讼当事人维护自身权益的重要途径。

This ***** defines and self-confessed of the types and effectiveness of talk about several aspects of our civil litigation, the parties self-confessed awareness.

本文从自认的界定及其种类和效力几个方面谈一下对我国民事诉讼当事人诉讼上自认的认识。

The dissertation demonstrates that treatiesactually have been divided into self-executing treaties and non-self-executingtreaties within our domestic legal system,reveals that only foreign legal person ornatural person can bring an action or proceedings of any kind to enforce ordetermine any right or obligation arising under the provisions of self-executingtreaties,domestic legal person or natural person can not revoke any provision ofthis kind of treaties if party concerned are all chinese people.

自动执行的条约又因为被限制在涉外法律关系的范围之内，只适用于涉外法律关系的当事人之间而不适用于我国的诉讼当事人而只能被认为是一种有限范围内的直接适用，这不同于大多数国家的条约实践。

Keeping the principle of both privies equality in law, deal in justice for economic, civil or administrative cases in which foreign investor is one of lawsuit privies.

凡外商为诉讼当事人之一的经济、民事或行政案件，要坚持双方当事人法律地位平等的原则，公正处理，尽快结案。

O ne refers to that the judgment or resolution made on the litigants is just, whil e the other means that the prosecution process is just to the part ie s concerned, or that the participants of prosecution are fairly treated in the prosecution p rocess. This paper e XP lores the approaches to social stability via judicial just ice.

司法公正本身具有两个方面的含义，具体地说一是指司法机关对诉讼当事人作出的裁决或处理结果是公正的，二是指诉讼活动的过程对有关人员来说是公正的，或者说诉讼参与人在诉讼过程所受到的对待是公正的。

The cost of the litigation parties, such as the payment for the lawyers, the judicial authentication, the traffic and the telecommunication fee for the testifiers, the courts and themselves, is called the private expenditure.

国家用于民事诉讼业务的财政预算，如法官的薪金、法院房舍、公务设备、办公费用等，称作公共成本；诉讼当事人个人为取得个案司法保护所承担的资源耗费支出，如当事人聘请律师、取得司法鉴定、支付给证人、支付给法院以及当事人自己的交通、通讯费等，称作私人成本。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。