诉讼受理

Article 1 Where any shareholders that separately or aggregately hold 10% or more of all the shareholder's voting rights of a company lodge a company dissolution case for any of the following causes, if which conforms to the provisions in Article 183 of the Company Law, the people's court shall accept the case

第一条 单独或者合计持有公司全部股东表决权百分之十以上的股东，以下列事由之一提起解散公司诉讼，并符合公司法第一百八十三条规定的，人民法院应予受理

Where any shareholders of a limited liability company or any shareholders of a joint stock company that separately or aggregately hold 1% or more of the shares of the company for the consecutive 180 days or more lodge a case with the people' s court according to Paragraph 3 of Article 152 of the Company Law for the reason that any members of the liquidation group commit the aforesaid act, the people ' s court shall support the case.

有限责任公司的股东、股份有限公司连续一百八十日以上单独或者合计持有公司百分之一以上股份的股东，依据公司法第一百五十二条第三款的规定，以清算组成员有前款所述行为为由向人民法院提起诉讼的，人民法院应予受理。

In foreign currencies for the purpose of calculating unit, the people's courts decide cases in accordance with the date of publication of country are converted into RMB exchange rate calculation of pay; appeal cases and to apply for a retrial of cases the cost of litigation, according to People's Court of First Instance decided to handle the case of the National Day of the exchange rates published .

以外币为计算单位的，依照人民法院决定受理案件之日国家公布的汇率换算成人民币计算交纳；上诉案件和申请再审案件的诉讼费用，按照第一审人民法院决定受理案件之日国家公布的汇率换算。

Article 108 of the Civil Procedure Law prescribes the fundamental elements of any cognizable civil case, which are that:(1) the plaintiff must be a citizen, legal person, or other entity that has an interest in the case;(2) the defendant must be identified specifically;(3) the claims, facts, and arguments must be specific; and (4) the case must be a civil case within the scope of the jurisdiction of the courts generally, and within the jurisdiction of the specific court in which the lawsuit is filed.

民事诉讼法第108条规定了可审理的民事案件的基本原则，它们是：（1）原告是与本案有直接利害关系的公民、法人和其他组织；（2）有明确的被告；（3）有具体的诉讼请求和事实、理由；（4）属于人民法院受理民事诉讼的范围和受诉人民法院管辖。

Writer from analyze the history origin of this system with apply present condition to commence, try with candor and efficiency this civil case in courts of the basic value and civil case counter-claim inside proper value of system for angle of view, bring up a condition and counter-claim to the foundation theories problems such as concept,property and characteristics etc.s and cross action of the cross action of before accept,review handle.take up a series of problem of etc. to carry on to re-examine with define, try hard for was perfect the cross action system of the our country to become an individual to fasten the integrity,contents enrichment,function ready,operate viable litigation system.

笔者从分析这一制度的历史渊源和适用现状入手，尝试以公正和效率这一对民事诉讼的基本价值和民事反诉制度内在固有的价值为视角，对反诉的概念、性质和特点等基础理论问题和反诉的提起条件以及反诉的受理、审前处理、审理等一系列问题进行重新审视和界定，力求将我国的反诉制度完善成为一个体系完整、内容充实、功能齐备、操作可行的诉讼制度。

First, on the hand of litigation, the world is moving towards a more normative solution in the jurisdiction, adjudication and execution of lawsuits concerning shareholders rights. China should bring in litigations concerning right to address inquiries as a remedy to the imperfection of law. The scope and object of adjudication of court should be determined by the nature of case. Ways to perfect specific provisions in the area of jurisdiction, time limit, preservation measures as well as execution are also proposed in the paper. Second, on the hand of non-litigation, scrutinizer as a means of non-litigation is neutral and order of investigation is convenient. Non-litigation should be brought into Chinese company law as a supplement of litigation.

第一，各国及各地区立法在股东知情权诉讼的管辖、审理及执行等方面的规范更加完善，重点结合我国司法实践中股东知情权诉讼的争议，认为应当建立质询权诉讼机制弥补法律的缺失，依据知情权诉讼的本质确定法院的受理范围及审理对象，探讨通过完善股东知情权理论基础确定诉讼的被告，同时对诉讼中具体规范如管辖、诉讼时效、保全措施及执行等方面的完善提出建议；第二，检查人选任制度作为非诉讼救济方式具有中立、全面的特点，调查令方式具有方便的优势，从而建议我国公司法可引入非诉讼救济方式作为诉讼救济方式的补充。

The dissertation deduces that inner mechanism of the legal system interact one another to construct the spatial continuance and transformation and the intention of spatial evolution of Taiwan's courthouses, including several critical affected factors:the scope of law, the source of law, the instance level of court, the court proceedings, the contentious or nonlitigious legal affairs, the civil or criminal procedure and tribunal.

进而推论台湾司法建筑空间形制的延续、转化与此变迁的动向，正是由法制思维的内涵机制交织作用所致。其关键影响项目包括法源；司法建筑所属之审级组织；审理程序；所受理之诉讼或非诉讼法律事务，与所展开民事或刑事诉讼程序及法庭等。

No person shall bring a putative or certified class action to arbitration, nor seek to enforce any predispute arbitration agreement against any person who has initiated in court a putative class action; or who is a member of a putative class who has not opted out of the class with respect to any claims encompassed by the putative class action until: the class certification is denied; or the class is decertified; or the customer is excluded from the class by the court.

任何人均不得将一项可能被法院受理的或已被法院受理的集体诉讼提交仲裁，也不得针对已经向法院提出可能被受理的集体诉讼、且并未针对该集体诉讼所涉及的任何索偿选择退出该集团的人士强制执行任何纷争前的仲裁合约，除非出现下列三种情况：法院拒绝受理该集体诉讼；该集体诉讼的法院受理被取消；法院已将客户排除在该集体诉讼之外。

The proportion of securing of property before litigation is much lower compared with securing of litigation and measurement of securing in the process of execution. It's partly because that parties have no consciousness to protect the right of securing before litigation and the application is less, the primary reason, however, is that the comprehension of imperfect conditions in the process of execution of securing before litigation is different, which make lots of application unexecuted.

而且相比较于诉讼保全、执行中保全的措施，诉前财产保全所占比例还是偏低，个中原因既有当事人不知道诉前保全维权、申请少的因素，但更多的情况还是法院以各自理解执行诉前保全的并不完善受理条件而造成大量申请不被受理，这给债权人维权带来困境，由此对法院的执行工作也带来一定影响。

Article 36 Where, after bankruptcy declaration, the bankrupt enterprise's properties are sealed up, distrained or frozen in other civil procedures, the people's court that accepts the bankruptcy case shall immediately notify the people's court that takes the measure of sealing up, distraining or freezing the properties to cancel the measure, and handle the transfer formalities to the people's court that accepts the bankruptcy case.

第三十六条破产宣告后，破产企业的财产在其他民事诉讼程序中被查封、扣押、冻结的，受理破产案件的人民法院应当立即通知采取查封、扣押、冻结措施的人民法院予以解除，并向受理破产案件的人民法院办理移交手续。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷