诉讼

This paper discusses about some issues about environment infringement cases. Such as definition of litigant party and ground and limits on claim rules of evidence and time limit of the case.

文章对环境侵害诉讼中诉讼主体的确定、诉讼请求的根据与范围、证明规则以及诉讼时效等问题进行了探讨。

There are many researchers who are concentrating on APIL, but lots of them are put their eyes on the point of limiting the administration power. Few of them researches APIL on the subject of the people's rights on managing the state.

同时，理论界虽然对行政公益诉讼的研究的热情日益高涨，但他们在对行政公益诉讼的理论基础进行探讨时主要是从控制行政权，即"治官"的角度来研究行政公益诉讼存在的必要性，而忽视了行政诉讼的宗旨，基本上没有人从公民行使国家管理权，即"民治"的角度来探讨行政公益诉讼。

Second, the paper explains the problems of the system of lawsuit time limit in judicial practice, specifying that the system of lawsuit time limit cannot get the attention it should be paid in judicial practice, the regulations of extending lawsuit time limit cannot be carried out severely, there are no powerful monitoring and penalties of violation of lawsuit time limit, the blank of lawsuit time limit bring about the delay of cases, and that the principle of presumption of innocence in the criminal law cannot be carried out thoroughly.

第三，文章对诉讼时限制度在理论研究上存在的缺陷进行了讨论，指出了对这一重要制度无人研究的问题，并对立法上对这一重要制度没能引起重视的问题进行了讨论，指出：诉讼时限制度不仅是一个立法技术问题，而且是一个实体问题。第四，文章从社会环境的角度对现行法律关于诉讼时限的规定执行得不好的原因进行了分析，指出社会大环境对诉讼时限的贯彻执行有重要的制约作用。

It is applicable to those cases, in which the value of the object of action is little and the disputes are trivial in character. Its establishment is helpful to simplify judicial proceedings, eradicate judicial delay, minimize judicial costs, and speed up the trial of cases. Hereby, it will not only promote the public to get close to the judiciary and take advantage of the legal weapon, but also help the court solve quickly civil disputes. Thus, the procedure makes civil trials develop for the need of social development.

设立民事简易程序的意义在于针对所适用的案件诉讼标的额小、争议不大的特点，简化诉讼程序，消除诉讼拖延，降低诉讼成本，加快案件审理进度，由此不仅有益于促进民众对司法的接近和利用，也有益于法院迅速审结民事案件，从而使民事审判更加适应社会发展的需要。

Gradually along with the litigation mode of Adversarial system seeps into criminal law area of our country, under the change of the relationship between the accusant and the defender, and the weakening color of the litigation mode of strong Inquisitorial system, and judge's position is more negative and overcome, gradually, the litigation conduct power theories starts to be mentioned and is valued by scholars learn criminal law.

随着当事人主义的诉讼模式逐渐渗入到我国刑事诉讼领域，在控审关系发生变革、强职权主义色彩削弱、法官地位更加消极和克制的情况下，诉讼指挥权理论逐步开始被我国刑事诉讼法学的学者提及并受到重视。

Gradually along with the litigation mode of Adversarial system seeps into criminal law area of our country, under the change of the relationship between the accusant and the defender, and the weakening color of the litigation mode of strong Inquisitorial system, and judge's position is more negative and overcome, gradually, the litigation conduct power theories starts to be mentioned and is valued by scholars learn criminal law.

随著当事人主义的诉讼模式逐渐渗入到我国刑事诉讼领域，在控审关系发生变革、强职权主义色彩削弱、法官地位更加消极和克制的情况下，诉讼指挥权理论逐步开始被我国刑事诉讼法学的学者提及并受到重视。

In fact, CA ecology and political environments arecoordinated in emerge and motivation. Traditional accusatorial action and originaldemocracy are coordinated; traditional inquisitorial action and dictator-type system arecoordinated; modern CA and modern politic systems are coordinated.

实际上，刑事诉讼生态与政治环境保持着共生、互动与协调的生态平衡关系：传统弹劾式诉讼与原始民主政体是协调的；传统纠问式诉讼与专制集权政体是匹配的；而现代刑事诉讼生态与民主宪政体制则极为和谐一致。

In the first chapter, the general knowledge of litigation system has been reviewed briefly. The litigation system is an unceasing improving result of its development and there is no unchanging litigation form. New litigation types are emerging continuously due to the social and economic development and changement.

第一章简要回顾了诉讼体系的一般知识，诉讼体系是不断完善的历史发展结果，没有固定不变的诉讼形态，由于社会经济情况的发展变化，会不断出现新的诉讼类型。

Licensor hereby indemnifies Licensee and undertakes to hold it harmless against any claims or suits arising solely out of the use by Licensee of the Name as authorized in this agreement, provided that prompt notice is given to Licensor of any such claim or suit and provided, further, that Licensor shall have the option to undertake and conduct the defense of any suit so brought and no settlement of any such claim or suit is made without the prior written consent of Licensor.

如果许可方能及时收到索赔和诉讼的通知，许可方保护被许可方，使其不受仅由本协议所授权的商标使用引起的索赔和诉讼的损害，许可方可选择就这样的诉讼进行辩护。在未得到许可方的同意之前，不应就这样的索赔和诉讼达成解决办法。

Nowadays, in our country, the system of pretrial preparation is in the beginning stage with only some preparation work for opening the court session, such as service of litigious documents, informing rights and obligations of parties, noticing litigants innerving action and etc, which is unable to launch the parties to positively intervene, or to find the best path to solve the dispute.

我国目前民事诉讼制度中审前准备制度还处在&准备阶段&，只是为开庭审理做一些准备性的工作，如送达诉讼文书、告知当事人权利与义务、通知当事人到庭参加诉讼等等，而没有程序本身发动各方当事人积极参加诉讼、寻求最佳解决纠纷途径的作用。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。