评价

The study focuses on "value diversity", and explores it step by step with a route of "Review -Rethink and Criticism -Construction and Transcendence -Application"From a historical perspective, the study reviews and summarizes western educational evaluation theories and technology development, describes evaluation methods of so-called first three generations evaluation methods, and analyzes historical critique of them, including their failure to accommodate value-pluralism, a tendency towards managerialism, and the overcommitment to the scientific paradigm of inquiry; and then further points out that the fourth generation evaluation methods can be introduced for their effective response to problems of value-pluralism. The study focuses on the characteristics and ideology of the fourth generation evaluation theory; based on which, the research work investigates the social and cultural foundations of education evaluation theory and technology formation development from the dimension of the evolution of values foundation, the impact of social ideology and methodology conversion.

研究从历史的视角回顾、梳理了西方教育评价理论与技术的发展，对称之为前三代评价的方法进行了描述，并分析了历史上对这些早期评价方法的批判，包括对价值多元化的排斥问题、管理主义倾向、对调查的科学范式的过度推崇等；进而指出，第四代评价方法能够有效回应价值多元化问题而被引入，论文重点探讨了第四代评价理论的思想及特点；在此基础上，从价值基础的演变、社会思潮的影响和方法论的转换等维度考察了教育评价理论与技术形成发展的社会文化基础。

Based on these and absorption of the foreign company performance results, the thesis combines the theory and the method to analyze the performance of electronic component manufacturing industry enterprises. Based on the analyzing system enterprise performance system in and abroad, the paper raises innovational achievement indexes and evolutional indexes of company performance as to the default of the electronic component manufacturing industry. The paper builds the hierachical clusteing method and bivariate correlations to choose the best evolutional indexes of company performance in order to avoid multicolinearity. The paper proposes the synthetic evaluating method principal component analysis with weighted variable by analytical process. Then, the paper applies the method to analyze the performance of 28 companies of electronic component manufacturing industry.

基于此，在消化吸收国外有关企业绩效评价方面的成果的基础上，针对企业绩效评价的缺陷，本文提出了企业绩效评价的成长性指标和价值性指标；针对改进的AHP与PCA，本文提出了改进的AHP加权主成分分析方法；由于指标之间可能存在着多重共线性，本文运用系统聚类分析与相关分析对企业绩效的成长性指标与价值性指标进行选取；运用改进的AHP加权主成分分析方法与因子分析对电子元器件制造业的28家上市公司进行实证分析，并验证本文提出的综合评价方法的优越性；本文运用灰色模糊评价方法对28家上市公司绩效的非财务指标进行评价；最后，给出相关的结论与建议。

The Main Body Part comprises 6 chapters: Chapter 1 summarizes the teaching appraisal, analyzes the limitations and point out the development direction. Chapter 2 designs appraisal methods and implement approach for schoolchild. Chapter 3, 4 and 5 discuss respectively the function of teacher student and appraiser. In Chapter 6 principles in appraisal was recommended.

正文共六章，第一章对音乐教学评价进行了概述，分析了国内外教学评价的现状及问题并指出发展趋势；第二章提出了适合小学科学评价的方法及实施途径；第三、第四、第五章分别论述了教师、学生、课程管理者在评价体系中的地位及作用；第六章主要阐述评价者实施教学评价时所应把握的原则。

The full text is total to is divided into four chapter:Chapter 1, the relevant concept of the listed company results evaluation, that is the other the theories foundation of the chapter, and do the foul to the textual evaluation angle settle;Chapter 2, the results evaluation index sign and the index sign system, the original index sign system of comprehensive evaluation of information formation that that choice listed company publish, and introduced the in common use index sign to sieve to endow with the method of the power with index sign;Chapter 3, the comprehensive results evaluation method, this is the foundation that carries on chapter 4, that carry on theories in chapter 2 fusion, became two kinds of comprehensive evaluation methods, and carried on the des cription to the operation step of a method;Chapter 4, the substantial evidence is analytical, this is the point of the full text, the collections combines the data of tidy up the listed company, making use of two kinds of methods within chapter 3s respectively, carry on synthesize to rank, and get two kinds of methods to rank the result to look like the consistent conclusion.

全文共分四章：第一章，上市公司绩效评价的有关概念，该章是其它章节的理论基础，并对本文的评价角度做出界定；第二章，绩效评价指标及指标体系，该章选择上市公司披露的信息形成综合评价的原始指标体系，并介绍了常用的指标筛选和指标赋权的方法；第三章，综合绩效评价方法，这是进行第四章的基础，该章将第二章中的理论进行融合，形成了两种综合评价方法，并对每种方法的操作步骤进行了描述；第四章，实证分析，这是全文的重点，收集并整理上市公司的数据资料，分别利用第三章中的两种方法，进行综合排名，并得到两种方法排名结果近似一致的结论。

Quality evaluation plays a very important part in Design For Quality. Based on the concept of two types of quality and the model of DFQ by M.Morup, the author discusses four basic elements of quality evaluation in DFQ such as objects, rules or knowledge, valuator and scheduling.

在M.Morup两类质量论及其保质设计模型的基础上，探讨了质量评价活动中的评价对象、评价规则或知识、评价者和评价时机等四个基本要素；提出了单元化的质量评价模型。

On the basis of it, eight suggestions are put forward to evaluate the forestry ecological benefits:(1) it is an inevitable trend to carry out the comprehensive evaluation of the multifold forest ecological benefits;(2) upbuilding the theoretical frame of ecological benefits according to the situation of our country;(3) conducting the subarea case research based on the way of creativity accountment;(4) to set up the locating monitoring system of subarea forestry ecology profits to provide the reliable reference for the research;(5) studying the measuring estimate index more comprehensively to make it more self_contained and self_governed;(6) establishing the standards of the forest ecological benefit evaluation so that the evaluation could provide rational evidence for the establishment of the forestry compensation law and so on;(7) upbuilding economic accountment system of forest ecological benefits;(8) establishing economic compensation system of forest ecological benefits.

并且在此基础上提出了对今后森林生态效益评价研究的八点建议：(1)进行森林多种生态效益的综合评价是今后发展的必然趋势；(2)从国情出发建立我国森林生态效益评价理论框架；(3)在创新核算方法的基础上开展分区案例研究；(4)建立区域性森林生态效益定位监测系统，为研究提供真实可靠的数据资料；(5)更全面地研究生态效益计量评价指标，使之既具完备性又具独立性；(6)建立森林生态效益评价标准，使评价结果能为林业补偿等法律政策制定提供科学的依据；(7)建立森林生态效益经济核算制度；(8)建立森林生态效益的经济补偿制度。

The environmental impact during production, usage and residual period of arsanilic acid was assessed in viewpoint of life cycle.

本文介绍了最常用的有机胂制剂－对氨基苯胂酸的主要用途和污染特征，从生命周期的角度识别并定量评价了其生产、使用和残留过程的环境影响，评价结果表明对氨基苯胂酸在土壤中最终残留的环境影响占其整个生命周期的99%以上，指出了常规环境影响评价在评价其环境污染上的局限性，据此提出逐步减少或禁止有机肺制剂的生产和使用、并在一些特殊的建设项目环境影响评价中推广生命周期评价的建议。

Water conservacy construction project guarantees the national economy sustained and stabilized growth, however, it started late in China.

水利建设项目作为国民经济持续、稳定发展的重要保障，其后评价工作在我国起步较晚，对于项目的后评价及其研究，还主要集中在经济后评价、影响后评价和综合后评价等方面，而持续性后评价则重点不够突出。

Based on analyzing the methods and defects of traditional instruction evaluation, this paper explained the principles , evaluation methods and process of information-based instruction evaluation, and then compared them in seven aspects, such as purpose of evaluation, the constituter of the evaluation criterion, the concern about the education resource, the methods of evaluation , the ability that students obtain, the integrate of evaluation and instructional course, the concern about the environment etc.

本文从分析传统教学评价方法及缺陷入手，阐述了信息化教学评价的原则、方法及过程，并从评价目的，评价标准的制定者，对学习资源的关注，评价的方法，学生所获得的能力，评价与教学过程的整合性和对情境的关注性等七个方面对二者其进行了比较。

Through the comparison and study of risk issue and monitoring measurements of second generation of biotech crops, the author provided the risk management and monitoring measurements to PMPs: develop the regulation to safety assessment of PMPs; set other bioreactor as control when evaluate the intended use; set the non-transgenic iso-line as control when evaluate the food and environment safety; design the product without activity during production of PMPs; using GURT to prevent the gene flow.

通过比较分析国际上对未来新一代转基因作物，尤其是药用转基因作物风险评价与管理对策研究，提出我国对未来药用转基因作物评价与监管的建议：完善药用转基因作物评价规定；对预期使用的评价要以其他生物反应器为对照进行评价；对食用安全与环境安全评价要以其非转基因对照比较；设计产品生产过程中无活性，加工(来源：Adf3fBC论文网www.abclunwen.com)工程中激活；利用遗传限制技术使药用植物花粉不育等。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。