评价

Landslide hazard is one of the most serious and frequent natural hazards. Each year it causes a loss up to billions of dollars in the whole world. This hazard gives great damages to the country and people's lives and properties. And they are the very single--landslides that lead to the loss directly. So, in front of the serous landslide hazard, in order to measure the influence of hazard on life and property a risk assessment theory needs to be applied to. At the same time, Lijiaxia landslide which is in Long area, Shan Xi province, is unstable and imperiling life and property at present, so it is very necessary to make a risk assessment.

滑坡灾害是地质灾害中最为常见且危害严重的灾种之一，每年因滑坡灾害造成的损失数以亿计，给国家和人民生命财产带来巨大损失，产生严重社会影响，而最直接造成损失的，正是一个个的单体滑坡，因此，面对严重的滑坡灾害，为合理确定并评价滑坡灾害对生命财产的影响尺度，需研究和应用单体滑坡风险评价理论和方法；同时，作为单体滑坡的陕西省陇县李家下滑坡目前处于不稳定状态，且威胁到当地居民的生命财产安全，对其进行风险评价尤为重要。

It is reasonable to use different ways to evaluate different indexes.

设计了项目评价的指标体系，并针对不同的评价指标，选用了相应的评价方法。

The module is based on AHP, which can support decision-makers insetting up and modifying the evaluating index systems and using them in allkinds of evaluation.

该模块以层次分析法为核心，能辅助决策者建立或修改评价指标体系，应用评价指标体系进行人力资源管理中的各种评价。

Re-vectorization is performed on the basis of original vectorization by obtaining the initial parameters such as line types and slope. Inuring tricing it can adjustthe parameter adaptively. To decrease the influence of noise pixels, we designed a stop probe to detect tracing-stop conditions. Process of re-vectorization is performed recursively until quality of graph entity is satisfactory.Finally, some key technologies for 2D graphs reconstruction are studied. The issues concerned include the recognition and presentation of topologic relations among graphs entities and a directed and weighted graph model established to describe the relations and techniques on dimension driven.

在获得对图素识别质量的评价之后，质量较差的图素被输入到错误自动校正器进行错误校正处理，本文提出&二次矢量化&的错误校正思想，二次矢量化是在初步矢量化所获得知识的基础之上，取得初始参数，并在跟踪过程中动态校正参数，在跟踪结束时引入跟踪终止检测探针以消除光栅图像中黑白噪音的影响，使得算法具有较强的抗噪音干扰能力，校正后的图素仍需进行质量评价，未能通过评价的图素需递归执行二次矢量化算法。

Engineering application indicates that it is feasible to apply this system in security evaluation of LPG tank major accident and this system can also he utilized in security evaluation of manufacture and reservation enterprises with danger of fire and explosion or with poisonous gas and liquidized gas.

工程应用表明，该评价系统软件用于LPG储罐重大事故的安全评价是可行的，并可用于其他具有着火和爆炸危险性、毒性的重气或液化气体的生产和贮存企业的安全评价。

At first, the dissertation neatened the meanings ,types and characters of rubric systematacially; found out the deficiencies in the researchs at home and abroad by literature, and analysed the current problems in using the rubric by questionnaire and interview; based on the analysis on the platforms" functions abroad and the demands of users, the author designed and developed a web-based rubric which can create rubric and assess students online; primarily designed a teaching assessment process based on rubric by the education assessment theories, and by action research, sampled the BiGguiYuan middle school students in Grade 2 as the research objects, used the rubric in information technology teaching; during the study, the author observed the teaching activities,students" learning behaviors and teaching blogs; finally, the author analyzed the dates from questionnaire and teachers interview and observing of the researcher,testified each other in order to validate the effect of applying rubric.

本文首先对量规的含义、类型和特点等进行了系统梳理；通过文献调研发现国内外研究中的不足，并运用问卷调查法和访谈法，分析出当前使用量规过程中存在的问题；在对国外平台的功能和国内用户需求分析的基础上，设计和开发了一个基于网络的量规自动生成和在线评价平台；本研究在现代教育评价理论的指导下，初步设计出基于量规的教学评价过程，通过行动研究，选取顺德碧桂园学校初二学生作为研究对象，在《信息技术》教学中运用该过程；在研究过程中，对教师教学活动、学生的课堂学习行为以及教学日志进行了观察；最后运用&三角互证法&对问卷调查数据、教师的访谈和研究者的观察记录进行分析，验证量规的应用效果。

The optioned evaluated indexes and each weights of the indexes is elementary rational; the structure of evaluate system is directly perceived through the senses; carrying out the the forecast of project's establishment applied programming technique in the internet is simple and feasible; the final score between the established projects and the declared projects exist prominent differences.

本项研究筛选的评价指标、各指标的权重基本合理；评价体系结构直观明了；在网络上应用计算机编程开展项目中标预测操作简单可行，中标项目与未中标项目之间在评价的最后得分上确实存在显著的差异。

This traditional means of assessment fails to reflect students' day-to-day performance in study; and it overemphasizes quantitative analysis in terms of score and ignores students' practical ability and attitude during the process of learning.

评价不再仅仅是甄别和选拔学生，而是作为促进学生发展的重要手段；评价主体已不再仅仅是教师，而是由学生参与评价，充分展示其主体地位，张扬个性，认识自我，不断反思和调节学习过程。

Compared with other similar present researches at home and abroad, this paper overweighs in its innovation, which are first making a clear distinguish between the ecological sensitivity analysis and the ecological feasibility estimation, second superposing single factor charts when analyzing the ecological sensitivity, third adopting the evaluation methods of single function and multi-factors to estimate the ecological feasibility.

同当前国内外生态城市规划中的生态敏感性分析和生态适宜度评价相比，本研究有以下几个方面的创新之处：(1)将生态敏感性分析和生态适宜度分析明确区分开；(2)生态敏感性分析时采用单因子图叠加；(3)生态适宜度评价实行单功能多因子评价法。

On the basis of research and analysis, the paper makes it clear that the first claim can be both conceptually stated and empirically verified. It also accounts for the phenomenon of emotion seemingly predating cognitive appraisal. In general, its supports the claim that appraisal preconditions the elicitation of emotion.

为此，本文通过对已有研究的分析，阐明了情绪的认知观点既可用概念也可用经验表述和检测；解释了认知观点下情绪产生先于认知评价的现象；强调了情绪的认知评价具有多种形式；支持了评价是情绪产生基础的观点。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。