评价

The methodological quality of included studies was assessed by using quality assessment criteria of the Cochrane systematic review guideline.

采用Cochrane系统评价指南的质量评价标准，对收集到的所有临床对照研究文献的质量进行评价。

To the technical project achievements assessment method research, is an item of collection appraisal theory, the assessment method and the concrete operating system is a body comprehensive nature research project.

对科技项目绩效评价方法的研究，是一项集评价理论、评价方法与具体操作系统为一体的综合性研究项目。

With theory of fuzzy mathematics, established the model of vague colligate estimate.

应用模糊数学原理，建立了模糊综合评价模型，并结合国家水质质量标准，通过对108个水样综合评价，划分了研究区水质级别，评价了研究区的地下水污染程度，得出了研究区地下水水质较差和硫酸盐为主要污染物的结论。

AHP and entropy method were combined together as synthetical evaluation index, which overcame the problem of dependability produced by single method in practice.

在评价指标权重方面，采用层次分析法和熵值法相结合的方法计算各评价指标权重，克服了单一方法在实际应用中得到的可信度存在一定偏差的缺陷，提高了评价结果的精度和可信度。

The research mainly contained the following contents:(1)Based on organization, vigor and resilience, the composite indicator system of forest ecosystem health evaluation is proposed.

本文以承德县森林生态系统为例，通过对其健康状况的评价，研究森林生态系统健康评价中指标选取、评价方法应用、健康状况的影响因素及健康恢复方案等问题。

Secondly, it try to set up a evaluation system of the equipment manufacturing industry, and use multi-level composite evaluation indicator to analysis the competitiveness of the equipment manufacturing industry from equalization and quantization. It includes the effectiveness of competitiveness, the scale of competitiveness, and scientific and technological innovation competitiveness.

第二构建装备制造业评价体系，运用多层次综合指标评价法，从效益竞争力、规模竞争力和科技创新竞争力三方面对陕西省装备制造业竞争力进行定量评价及定性分析。

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

Since Safe school is a comprehensive system consisting of lots of indicators which are difficult to measure.

为了对学校意外安全事故进行管理，建立可以综合反映学校意外事故安全评价的指标体系，采用"模糊综合评价法"对学校意外事故进行综合评价。

The fourth part is the condign evaluation of distribution for Jinan's supermarket.This paper evaluated existing supermarket in Jinan scientifically with evaluationindex system.

第四部分：济南市超市布局适宜性评价利用所得的指标评价体系，对济南市现有超市进行科学评价，并从单因子优势和整体优势两个方面进行类型划分。

We refute the method that classifying indexes of quantity and quality. The number of indexes is about 20 and the qualities of indexes will be met by precision, congruity and so on.

指出企业业绩评价指标的数量应为20个左右、评价指标的质量应满足准确性等9项要求、评价指标的测试包括特性测试、平衡测试和相互关系测试。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。