评价

Evaluation of definition for gray scale digital image is an important aspect of digital imaging system.

数字图像的清晰度评价一直是各类数字成像系统的一个关键问题，而在已有的一些的评价参数中，由于评价方法不同，均存在一些局限性，为此，针对图像的清晰程度提出一种新的评价方法，目的在于能够快速、准确地评价数字图像的清晰度。

Then according to the principle and methods of constructing the indictor system, the article constructs comprehensive evaluation and village evaluation index system of land intensified utilization, the evaluation model as well.

本文在总结前人研究的基础上，借鉴农业土地和城市土地集约利用等相关领域的研究成果，首先界定了农村居民点土地集约利用的概念和内涵，分析了农村居民点土地集约利用评价的相关理论；然后依据指标体系的构建原则和方法，建立了农村居民点土地集约利用的总体评价和村级评价两级评价指标体系，以及相应的评价模型；最后以枣阳市熊集镇为例进行了实证研究。

In this paper, the Basin of Northwest Hebei Mountains as the study area, the combination of the remote sensing and GIS technologies will be applied, Firstly the objects of evaluation include forest land、. meadow 、 a part of orchard、 uncultured grass land、 sandlot、 bare land and the margin suitable and unsuitable farming land, the unit of evaluation is 30m*30m grid. Secondly, on the base of probling and building the spatial and attributive database of suitability evaluation through models such as digital elevation and inverse distance weighed interpolation, it establishs the factor system of suitability evaluation of forest land.

本论文以冀西北间山盆地区为研究区域，将地理信息系统与遥感技术相结合，确定了冀西北间山盆地区现有林地、部分园地、牧草地、部分未利用地以及边际适宜和不适宜的耕地为评价对象，以30*30栅格为评价单元，在借助数字高程、反距离加权插值等模型探讨并建立林地适宜性评价因子空间及属性数据库的基础上，对研究区的林地适宜性评价建立了该研究区评价指标体系。

The logical framework approach,the comparison approach and the success degree approach are demonstrated with examples.

在此基础上，结合后评价实践，对包括逻辑框架法、对比法、成功度法等的通信工程项目后评价常规方法进行了分析和比较；为解决后评价指标权重分配、定性指标定量化、多指标评价结论综合汇总等问题，提出了基于语义判断和模糊判断的综合后评价方法。

According to the characteristics of green product life cycle, this paper proposes a three-dimensional matrix structure for green product assessment. Based on this structure, this paper also analyzes the objectives and contents of the assessment, and establishes a system model for green product assessment.

根据产品的绿色性能表现在生命周期全过程的特性，提出了绿色产品评价的三维矩阵结构；以此矩阵结构为基础，根据产品的构成特点，建立了集微观评价和宏观评价为一体的绿色产品综合评价系统框架；并建立了绿色产品评价模型。

Based on investigating the short and intermittent structural plane, surrounding rockmass of the huge underground powerhouse in Three Gorge has been divided into five statistical similar areas according to its characteristic of rockmass structure by applying structure plane network simulation. Distributed characteristic of structural plane has been studied and based on it mechanics macrocharacteristic has been studied:(1) It is the first time that based on the result of structural plane network simulation rockmass quality of every structure area has been studied with applying blurred information optimum seeking technique and be compared with and RQD method. The result indicated that it has better effect to evaluate rock quality with blurred information optimum seeking technique.(2) It is the first time that the interrelated relationship of the result of in-suit rockmass deformation test and fractal characteristic of structure on test point has been applied to determine rockmass deformation parameter. The question of evaluating deformation parameters of engineering rockmass has been solved.(3) Anisotropy strength parameters have been determined by applying shear zones simulating method. The result indicated that there are different strength parameters in every structural area, after comparing the result of Fast Lagranian Analysis in continua number simulation method with that of method of weighted mean according to continuity. The result indicated that when a suitable reduction coefficient is been considered rockmass strength parameters can be simply and fast determined with method of weighted mean according to continuity where there is not enough test result.(4) Damage characteristic has been studied based on analysis fractal characteristic of structural plane network by applying fractal-damage coupling method. It is the first time that the concept of damage degree has been set up to evaluate rockmass quality according to the biggest principal damage.

通过对短小、断续性结构面统计特征的研究，将地下厂房区划分为五个岩体结构统计均质区，应用结构面网络模拟技术研究了各个岩体结构均质区结构面的发育分布特征，并以此为基础对岩体宏观力学特性进行了深入研究：(1)首次通过在结构面网络模拟计算结果的基础上，应用模糊信息优化技术研究了厂房区各个岩体结构分区的岩体质量并与岩体基本质量指标研究法、岩体质量指标RQD值研究法作了对比，结果表明以结构面网络模拟结果为基础，应用模糊信息优化技术进行岩体质量评价能够取得很好的效果，解决了工程岩体质量的定量评价问题；(2)首次通过对已有的现场大型岩体变形试验结果的分析及相应试验点岩体结构分形特征的研究，建立了结构面分布的分形维数和岩体变形指标间的相关关系，并首次应用这种相关关系根据结构面网络模拟及分形维数计算结果确定了缺少试验结果的地下厂房各工程部位的岩体变形指标而且应用于围岩稳定性计算，解决了工程岩体宏观变形参数的评价问题；(3)应用在结构面模拟网络图上模拟岩体剪切破坏带的方法，得出了岩体在不同方向上的强度参数，结果表明岩体的强度特性与结构面的发育方向和程度有着明显的关系，各个岩体结构均质区具有不同的强度参数；同时还通过应用拉格朗日差分法对岩体强度指标的数值分析并与按连通率加权平均计算法对比表明，按连通率加权平均计算法在考虑合理的折减系数情况下，可以简单快速地对缺少现场大型试验结果的具体工程部位实现岩体强度指标的估计，通过以上研究解决了工程岩体抗剪强度参数的评价问题；(4)通过结构面网络分形维数的研究，应用分形损伤耦合分析方法，研究了厂房区岩体的损伤特征，并首次引入"损伤度"的概念，建立了应用最大主损伤评价岩体质量的指标体系。

The framework established was practical and universal, and could provide abase for specific area to select its assessment indicators. The operable indicatorsystem developed which synthetically reflected the sustainable development status ofliling could fill up the blank of regional sustainable development evaluation in liling,and this work was of practical and strategic significance to a certain extent. Inallusion to the flaw existed indimensionlessness of original data in grey system,mean value method was adopted instead of traditional standardized method, and theguidance for confirming the direction of eigenvector was first brought to grey systemin the application of sustainable development evaluation aimed to increase theobjectivity and accuracy of evaluation. The evaluation results on liling could supplybeneficial references for decision makers to make and adjust sustainabledevelopment strategic goal and counter measures.

本文所构建的区域可持续发展指标体系框架具有实用性和通用性，可作为特定区域在筛选具体评价指标时的参考依据；针对醴陵市建立的区域可持续发展指标体系易于操作，能够综合反映醴陵市可持续发展的各个方面，在很大程度上填补了区域可持续发展评价研究的空白，具有一定的实践意义和战略意义；应用主成分分析法评价各子系统的可持续发展水平时，针对原始数据处理存在的弊端，提出以均值法代替传统的标准法，并首次引入了特征向量确定的原则，从理论上可提高评价的客观性与准确性；对醴陵市区域可持续发展状况的评价结果，可以为醴陵市可持续发展总体战略目标及相关措施的制定与结构调整提供有益参考。

Very helpless, because the revocation of the evaluation is to see whether the evaluation itself malicious evaluation of the terms of the rules where the requirements are the rules decided to evaluate can be revoked, even if the fact that is reflected in good faith and even non-malicious, as long as nothing to do with the rules of Taobao is not as malicious, natural will not be accepted as a malicious evaluation.

很无奈，因为评价的撤销是要看评价本身是否符合恶意评价规则里的条款要求，是规则决定评价能够被撤销，即使事实体现非善意甚至是恶意，只要与规则无关淘宝都不作为恶意，自然不会作为恶意评价受理。

It would be the powerful theory base and evidence for alleviating congestion. In this dissertation, characteristics and effected factors of urban traffic congestion were generally analyzed and evaluation measures of congested traffic and normal traffic were reviewed. An index-system of congestion measures adapting to urban traffic was set up in which road characteristic, decision-making, perceptivity of citizen travel and economic-society adaptability were considered. A method of"classify status first, evaluate trend later"was found out according to analysis of all existing comprehensive evaluation methods.

论文在全面分析城市道路交通拥堵特性及主要影响因素的基础上，对拥堵评价指标和传统城市交通评价指标进行了回顾，综合考虑道路特征、政府决策、城市居民出行感受和社会经济适应性，建立了适合城市道路交通特点的拥堵评价指标体系；并在分析现有综合评价方法的基础上，提出了"先状态分类后趋势分析"的拥堵评价方法。

For the benefit of practical project, 0℃ apparent viscosity, which was employed to appraising low-temperature flowability of asphalt, and viscosity-temperature index, which was employed to appraising temperature susceptibility of asphalt, were put forward. By comparing with practical conditions of various asphalt which is produced in various place and is made through various craft, by comparing with SHRP and other evaluated method of asphalt and by comparing with the property of asphalt mixture, the exactness and susceptiveness of 0℃ apparent viscosity and viscosity-temperature index was verified.

为了工程实际的应用，提出了采用0℃表观粘度评价沥青低温流动性和粘温指数评价沥青的感温性的指标，并通过与多种不同产源、不同炼制工艺的沥青实际使用情况相比较、与美国SHRP计划和我国"八五"攻关推荐的沥青低温评价方法、沥青其他低温评价方法以及沥青混合料的低温性能相比较，证明了0℃表观粘度和粘温指数在评价沥青低温性能时的准确性和敏感性。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。