设计

Present a creative design theory based on decomposing and reconstituting which has been applied to construct the design knowledgement system of the mechatronic products.At the same time,based on virtual reality we develop a virtual actual associate design system,that's computer aided creative software DARFAD for the mechatronic products conceptual design.

提出分解重构的创新设计理论并应用于机电一体化产品设计知识体系的建立，同时借助虚拟现实技术构建虚实结合的设计系统，即机电一体化产品概念设计辅助创新工具DARFAD。

After simulation and optimum design, the most proper cam curve of latching mechanism is obtained.

文章提出了凸轮曲线式卡槽机构的两种设计思路，制定了三种卡槽机构的初步设计方案，并对这三种不同的卡槽机构进行了仿真，发现了初步设计方案中存在的一些问题，最后在此基础上进行了优化改进，寻找到凸轮曲线式卡槽的最佳设计方案。

ABSTRACT This paper takes the content and organization of the translation of background essays of a research oriented design studio 'Architecture and Film' as an example, it tries to explain the function of monography, and translation is an effective study approach.

摘 要 以&电影与建筑&研究型设计专题的背景文献翻译内容和组织结构为例，说明在为设计而做的研究中文献专论的作用；同时，相关的翻译过程也是一种有效的学习方法，它作为设计专题的一个组成部分，对于设计思路的展开有积极的影响作用。

Although graphic design using in the webpage design has played a positive role that can not be neglectable, it doesn't mean that the graphic design principle can be applied to website design completely.

纵然将平面设计应用于网站页面的设计当中可以对网站起到不可忽视的积极作用，然而这并不意味着可以将平面设计原理尽数应用于网页设计当中。

Although graphic design using in the webpage design has played a positive role that can not be neglectable, it doesn't mean that the graphic design principle can be applied to website design completely. After all, they belong to different fields of the media.

纵然将平面设计应用于网站页面的设计当中可以对网站起到不可忽视的积极作用，然而这并不意味着可以将平面设计原理尽数应用于网页设计当中。

There exits several MDO algorithms. But they are in our opinion either nonefficient or complicated. So we devised an algorithm called Subspace Approximation Optimization . In the SAO algorithm, the whole system is decomposed into one system-level optimization and several disciplinary optimizations so that a large and complicated problem can be divided into several easy-solving sub-problems. The coupling relationships and the coordination among disciplines are presented by equality constraints and these equality constraints are assigned to relevant disciplines. The optimums of design variables in system level optimization are transferred to discipline level optimization. The optimums of design variables in discipline level correspond to the point that is the nearest to the optimums of design variables in system level. If the optimums of design variables in system level are out of feasible region of discipline 1eve1, linear constraints can be built in the system level optimization using the design variable optimums obtained by the discipline level optimization. The system level optimization would improve the design of the whole system with these linear constraints.

目前，国内外已经发展出了多种飞机多学科设计优化算法，本文的重点是针对协同优化算法的不足，提出了子空间近似优化算法(Subspace ApproximatingOptimization，SAO)，SAO算法中，整个系统的优化问题被分解成一个系统级优化和若干学科级优化，而各个学科之间的耦合与权衡关系则被当作等式约束，这些等式约束将被分配到各个学科级优化中去，系统级优化的任务是寻找整个系统的最优解，而学科级优化的目标函数是以系统级优化分配下来的设计点为圆心的超球半径的平方，因此，如果系统级优化分配下来的设计点在学科级优化可行域内，则学科级优化目标函数为0，反之，则学科级优化的最优点是系统级优化当前设计点距离可行域最近的点。

Their life-long learning and developing is also improved. The conclusion of the study of the multi-dimensional design of primary school English assignments can be drawn as follows: 1.The assignments can develop students' language skills. 2.They can help develop students' multiple intelligences. 3.They can develop students' nonintellectual factors such as study habits, interests, emotion factors and so on. 4.They can develop students' abilities such as imagination, self-study ability, the faculty of memory and practice.

本研究的主要结论是：1）对小学英语拓展性作业进行多维化设计，可以拓展学生的语言技能2）对小学英语拓展性作业进行多维化设计，可以拓展学生的多元智能3）对小学英语拓展性作业进行多维化设计，可以拓展学生的非智力因素4）对小学英语拓展性作业进行多维化设计，可以拓展学生的各种能力。

Referring to relevant literatures, the author realize the peculiarities of the nonnavigable spans of the Lingding yang bridge and try to give a systematic answer to its design and construction, including foundation, pier shaft, construction and principle of offshore work platform, superstructures and design of movable falsework and so on.

通过参考有关文献，分析了伶仃洋大桥非通航孔的工程特点，并系统地回答了从其基础施工到架梁完成过程中的一系列问题，包括桩基，承台、墩身及顶帽的施工，海上工作平台的构造及工作原理，梁的设计、制造和安装，活动脚手架的设计等。文中的设计过程均属于概念设计的范畴。

Chapter 1 gives a summary of the parametrical design history, analyses the design_by_feature approach, discusses the representation of dimension and tolerance, and introduces the work done by the author.

作者在研究特征设计、变量设计、参数设计的基础上，开发了一个原型系统—VP系统。本文总结了该系统的设计思想。

Secondly, on the condition of understanding the PCI norm, we analyze the PCI time sequence and address configuration space etc. detailedly, design state machine for the simplifying logic, design the program using the VHDL hardware description language. Besides those,we complete the PCI interface design of simplifying logic and carry out the interface function of the PCI subequipment module on the condition of a 33 MHzs,32 bit width, supporting the transmition paroxysmally. Compared with the traditional PCI inteface which uses appropriative interface chip to carry out this function , it economizes the logic resources of the system, lowers cost, increases the flexibility of design.

其次，在了解PCI规范的前提下，深入地分析了PCI时序和地址配置空间等，设计了简化逻辑的状态机，并用VHDL硬件描述语言设计了程序，完成了简化逻辑的PCI接口设计在FPGA芯片内部的实现，达到了33MHz、32位数据宽度、支持猝发传输的PCI从设备模块的接口功能，与传统的使用PCI专用接口芯片来实现的PCI接口比较来看，更加节约了系统的逻辑资源，降低了成本，增加了设计的灵活性。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷