讽刺的

L " A Modest Proposal 《一个小小的建议》" is a satire written by Swift and it is generally taken as a perfect model of satire.

。 《一个小小的建议》是由斯威夫特写的讽刺剧，它一般被认作是一部完美的讽刺剧典范。

This article thought that, Reactivating outstanding satire art manifested not merely in the artist to at that time the Russian corrupt society reality intense satire above, in a higher level, this kind of satire art has manifested the writer in during the profound social history observation, did to the nature divine nature to the realistic common custom human nature criticalness satire, it also included Tolstoi regarding the self- profound satire.

本文以为，《复活》优秀的讽刺艺术不仅仅体现在艺术家对当时俄国腐败社会现实强烈的讽刺上面，在更高层次上，这种讽刺艺术体现了作家在深刻的社会历史的观察之中，对大自然神性所作的对现实世俗人性批判性的讽刺，它其中也包括托尔斯泰对于自我深刻的讽刺。

According to the Encarta English Dictionary (2009), 'satire' is the use of wit, especially irony, sarcasm, and ridicule, to criticize faults.

根据《微软百科全书英语词典》（2009年）的解释，"讽刺"是运用机智，特别是讽刺、挖苦和嘲笑，来批评缺点。

A satire or lampoon, especially one that ridicules a specific person,traditionally written and posted in a public place.

讽刺文章，讽刺作品，讽刺文章或略带挖苦性的作品，尤指嘲讽某一特定的人的作品，常常写在或张帖在公共场合

The focus of this paper is the discussion on the pragmatic strategy of Sarcastic speech act. There are two kinds of sarcastic strategy: 1~st, the sarcastic strategy of using reference alone, including the direct reference strategy and indirect reference strategy. 2~nd, the sarcastic strategy which is realized by the reference and core behavior together. The core behavior strategies are: the echoic mention, imitation, description, irony, presupposition, pun and hyperbole.

首先，本文将汉语讽刺策略区分为两类：一类是指称单独实施的讽刺策略，具体包括直接指称策略和间接指称策略；另一类是指称和核心行为共同实施的讽刺策略，其中核心行为部分的策略有回声提述策略、模仿策略、描摹策略、反说策略、巧用预设策略、双关策略以及夸张策略。

The original 2001 game, made by a Finnish gaming team, featured hard-boiled cop Max Payne seeking to avenge the deaths of his family, along with a dark, almost parodic noir narration and slyly funny background humour. The sequel, 2003's The Fall of Max Payne, provided more of the same, along with beautifully styled characters modelled after real actors.

于2001年发行的原版游戏《马克思·佩恩》是由一个芬兰游戏小组制作的，以黑色近乎讽刺的叙述口吻和滑稽诙谐的幽默方式讲述了一个强悍的警察马克思·佩恩为家人报仇的故事。2003年推出的续篇《马克思·佩恩的堕落》展现了更多同样精彩的内容，其中画风精美的人物形象是以现实演员为原型。

Each of these targets gets lampooned in A Clockwork Orange , but Burgess's most pointed satire is reserved for the psychological movement known as behaviorism.

每个这些目标得到讽刺中的发条橙，但伯吉斯最指出讽刺是保留给心理运动称为行为主义。

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这个民族广阔的选择，我们可以享受来自世界各地的食品。此外各款城市，民族地区而众所周知，由于某些食物的人定居。比如。在南加州，有许多墨西哥餐馆。健康食品赢得欢迎当人们开始认为自己更认真物理福祉。很讽刺的是健康食品，因为它impies还有&不健康&食品。健康水平是食品新鲜、自然。未处理，不含防腐剂或化学物质使它最后再使其口味或好看。约翰是谁热衷于健康食品通常是蔬菜，喜欢得到他们必需的蛋白质来源除肉类、豆类等，干酪、鸡蛋。快餐店正在迅速扩大到全国。在美国，速度是一个非常重要的因素。人们通常有短暂午饭或是只是不想浪费宝贵的时间吃。快餐店的地方，照顾数百人在短时间内。通常很少有等待，吃饭问题始终是廉价的。一些例子汉堡、披萨名额。美国食品的态度正在改变，太。虽然传统早餐是大失欢迎，人们对食物的社会激变。家庭或晚餐再次成为朋友是一个非常特殊的方式享受和分享。像许多美国人都抽空轻松享受美好滋味吃饭，如果他们还是甚至匆匆午餐一个汉堡包立场

In english, two of the leading parodists are henry fielding and james joyce.

甚至是通过风格分析批评来进行讽刺，英语文学中主要的讽刺作家是菲尔丁和乔伊斯。

Home most of the young artists to follow the West in general, it was not wrong, because consciousness is a reflection of reality, the recent two decades, all levels of social life, almost all advanced and positive thinking, products, methods, systems, and even the way entertainment and communication are introduced from the West over, often in the mainstream after the invalidity of resistance have been socially acceptable, especially in the great rebellion, known as the modern and contemporary art, criticism, exposure, resistance to the Chinese traditional culture and traditional In today's stubborn sense of legacy, became a kind of Chinese contemporary art the attitude of the mainstream, we see many of cynical,and irony and sarcastic mockery of the image of a large number of contemporary art in the arena, all with the Chinese cultural tradition things have been related to a certain degree of contempt and abandonment.

国内的年轻艺术家一般大多追随西方-东西，这也没有错，因为意识是现实的-映，最近二十多年，社会生活的各个层-中，几乎所有先进和积极的思想，产品，-法，制度，甚至娱乐与交流的方式都是-西方介绍过来，往往在主流的无效抗-之后而被社会接受的，尤其是在被称为-非常叛逆的现代与当代艺术中，批判，暴-露，反抗中国传统文化以及传统意识在-天的顽固遗留，一度成为中国当代艺-的某种主流态度，所以我们看到许多泼-皮的，玩世的，讽刺的，愚弄和挖苦的形-大量出现在当代艺术舞台，一切与中国-文化传统有关的东西都遭到一定程度-鄙视和遗弃。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。