论述者

Tracking the main culture leading, the media discussion , the self-awareness and the social-cultural custom, why people would like choose intrusive anaplasty would become a composition of an interaction by those reasons as above.

事实上，整形者决定整形的动机不外乎是：当做送给自己的礼物、追求完美与提升自信、同辈团体催化的效果，在主流文化的引导、媒体的论述、自我认同与社会实践之下，形成相互影响的组合。

The dissertation is expounding around Jiny Chu Sui Shi Ji in five aspect: 1. The Studying of the writer, annotator and the edition of the text; the text was mainly about the writer's retrospection of the annual functions in his homeland which initiated the tradition of the retrospection of folklore recording.

本论文围绕着《荆楚岁时记》成书的时代背景与其在中国学术文化发展史上的地位从五个方面予以论述：一、从文献学的角度，对《荆楚岁时记》的作者、注者及版本情况作系统的考订；本书写成于宗懔被俘往北朝之后，是作者对故乡岁时生活的追忆之作，从而开创了忆旧的民俗记述传统。

This essay focuses on the discussion of landscape representation in Robert Louis Stevenson's three travel writings: An Inland Voyage (1878), Travels with a Donkey in the Cevennes (1879), and In the South Seas (1896). Three questions are analyzed in the landscape representation of the three travel writings: first, how the traveller's cultural discourses are embodied in the travel writings; second, how the travelling self interacts with the Other; and thirdly, how the traveller constructs his self.

中文摘要/本论文主要讨论史蒂文生三部旅行书写——《内河航行记》（An Inland voyage， 1878）、《赛凡斯山偕驴同行》（Travels with a Donkey in the Cevennes， 1879）、与《南太平洋记行》（In the South Seas， 1896），以这三部旅行书写中的地景再现来讨论旅行文本中的地景描绘如何呈现旅行者既有的文化论述、旅行者与他者的互动、以及旅行者的自我建构。

The author strictly distinguishes existor from existence, reveals their symmetrical and complemental features and expounds the symmetrical and complemental relation between subjective existence and objective existence.

作者严格区分了在者与存在，揭示出其对称互补的特征，并进而论述了主客体存在的对称互补及其各自的对称互补关系。

This chapter tries to solve the following issues:as theconscious awareness of law-makers,the penalty-crimerelationship determines how to make law;as the form ofideas,the penalty-crime relationship regulates and guidesthe process of law-making and judicature;penalty andcrime as provided by law is nothing but the model for thepenalty-crime relationship presupposed and defined bylawmakers;the presupposition and definition of thepenalty-crime relationship is the value-based evaluativeactivity on the grounds of cognition;the change invalue-based criteria and the inherent contradiction of theobjective to beevaluated is the fundamental precondition for the definitionof the penalty-crime relationship;the change in classcontradiction is the basic cause for the change inevaluative criteria;the change in the objective to theevaluated reflects the demands and interests of the rulingclass to a certain extent,and lastly;as the evaluativeform of negating crime,penalty and its effectiveness dependheavily on the unity of compulsiveness and justice.

文章论述了刑罪关系作为立法者的自觉意识决定着刑事立法；刑罪关系作为观念的形式，规束并引导着立法和司法，法律中规定的犯罪与刑罚，是立法者设定的刑罪关系范式；刑罪关系的设定是以认识为基础的价值评价活动，价值标准的变动性和评价对象的内在矛盾性，是刑罪关系设立的根本前提，指出了阶级矛盾的变化是导致评价标准不确定的根本原因；评价对象的转移，在一定程度上反映出统治阶级利益的需要。刑罚作为对犯罪否定评价的方式，其有效性在于强制性与正义性的统一。

However, the traveller encountered drastic transformation after his contact with the Other in the Pacific. In his last travel writing In the South Seas, Stevenson adopted a contrapuntal viewpoint located in the space of "liminality," challenging the Western hegemonic discourse of imperialism. His anti-imperialist tendency offended his contemporary readers, and the struggle between two cultures rendered the travel text fragmented.

但是，旅行者的自我在交会区与差异极大的他者接触之后，旅行者的自我发生转变，在《南太平洋记行》采用「阈越的空间」的对位观点，呈现出反帝国主义的倾向，这种反帝国主义论述的倾向遭到当时西方读者的排斥，同时在西方与南太平洋文化的两相拉扯之下，呈现出支离破碎的文本。

"Cosmopolitism" was quoted from "Chapter of Cosmopolitism" in The Book of Rites, retrieving meaning from it, and to accentuate a kind of compassionate and discord world, to animate more denotations in Cosmopolitism:"Obvious" and "Concealment" and "Homosexuality" The discussion is focused on gay people and lesbian and bisexuality are not included.

大同世界」出自礼记的礼运大同篇，撷取大同世界原本篇章的意涵，强调一种和谐的，无纷争的意涵，而此论述更赋予大同世界的「大」有「彰显的」、「不再躲藏」的意义，「同」指的就是同性恋，而本论文以论述男同志为限，女同志与双性恋者不在此范围。

From the reform and open to the outside world,the civic consciousness in our country has developed fully,but it still can not adapt the current development of the market economy.Especially in the rural area, the civic consciousness of our country's peasants restricts the fast development of rural market economy to a large extent.Consequently,it is a great significance to cultivate the peasants' civic consciousness.This paper discusses some opinions in this field,In detail:The first part starts with the concept of the civilians and the civic consciousness,and mainly discusses what are the civilians and its historical development.Then the paper analyzes the meanings of the civic consciousness and its formation conditions,and based on which analyses the characteristics of the contemporary peasants in our country and its influence on the formation of our country's civic consciousness.At present,the lifestyle of our country's peasants is mainly agricultural.They are the subordinate to the dominant in the field of the political right,possess the low quality in the whole in the cultural aspect and relatively lag behind in the aspect of ideology.All hinder the development of the peasants' civic consciousness,affect the enlargement of the peasants' political participation,and go against the cultivation of the peasants' collective consciousness.

改革开放以来我国公民的公民意识得到了长足的发展，但仍然不能适应当前市场经济的发展，尤其是在农村，我国农民的公民意识在很大程度上制约了农村市场经济的快速发展，因此，培育农民的公民意识具有重要意义，本文即是想在这方面谈谈自己的想法，具体来说：本文的第一部分首先从公民和公民意识的概念入手，主要论述了公民意识的形成及其在我国的历史发展，接着进一步的分析了公民意识的含义及其构成，在此基础上分析了当代我国农民的特点以及其对我国农民公民意识的生成所产生的影响，当前，我国农民在生存方式上，仍以农业为主，在政治权利方面，仍是权势力量的从属者，在文化素质方面，整体素质仍然偏低，思想观念方面还是相对落后的，这些特征在很大程度上阻碍了农民的主体意识的发展，影响了农民政治参与的扩大，不利于农民公共精神的培养。

She chosen "the weak female" and the men which hided in the "the gloomy quoin" to deviously express the constructed and dispelled feminine authorityThe second chapter elaborates from the narrative voice, the confliction of the male's voice and the feminine voice as well as the confliction of narrator's voice and the character's voice all embodied her contradictory female consciousness.

第二章从叙事声音展开论述，小说男性与女性人物声音的冲突以及以"自由间接引语"模式体现的叙事者声音与人物声音的冲突都展现她矛盾的女性意识。

Basing himself mainly on the materials in Zuozhuan, the author has rejected the previous scholars" opinion that the faith in Tian had been shaken and spoiled in this time period as the product of garbing according to their instant need, he states that, they had not given up the worship of the god of Tian, that the declaration of satisfying the god of Tian with moral deeds gradually became the prevailing ideology and greatly influenced the later generations including the Spring and Autumn Period, and that owing to the domination of Tian over people"s life, undoubtedly, some people or groups who were conceived wrong received penalties from the god of Tian, the will of which became the ultimate ground of crime in this period.

由于人们相信天主宰人间的一切，奖善罚恶，人们只有通过德行才能获得天的眷顾，所以，人们相信，那些严重违反德之人或集团理所当然地应该受到天之处罚。换言之，多数人对此确信无疑的时候，天意就成为刑罚的根据。为了避免以推理代替论证，本文利用《左传》中的史料进行了论证。我们在讨论犯罪以及刑罚根据的时候，犯罪及受到刑罚处罚者往往是卑者。德，根据前面的论述，是相互的。比如，父慈子孝，君信臣共。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷