论述的

The concrete arrangement is as follows: First, Beginning with the historical and political background of the emergence of the knight status. Secondly, this thesis expounded historical course of the emergence and development of the knight's power that was based on the knight status. Thirdly, this thesis expounded that along with the emergence of the knight status and the emergence and development of the knight's power, Bushido being and developed came into the knight's behavior standard. In the conclusion, the writer expounder in detail that during the different times, the Confucianism exerted varying influences on Bushido.

本文将采用史论结合、比较研究的方法，对这一过程进行分析论述，具体论述层次如下：首先，从武士阶层出现的经济背景和政治背景入手，阐述武士阶层产生和发展的历史过程；其次，阐述以武士作为其阶级基础的武家政权形成和发展的历史过程；再次，阐明随着武士阶层的出现及武家政权的形成和发展，作为武士的行为规范的武士道的形成和发展过程；最后，详细论述在不同的历史阶段中，儒家思想对日本武士道所产生的不同影响。

The concrete arrangement is as follows:First, Beginning with the historical and political background of the emergence of the knight status.Secondly, this thesis expounded historical course of the emergence and development of the knight"s power that was based on the knight status.Thirdly, this thesis expounded that along with the emergence of the knight status and the emergence and development of the knight"s power, Bushido being and developed came into the knights behavior standard.In the conclusion, the writer expounder in detail that during the different times, the Confucianism exerted varying influences on Bushido.

本文将采用史论结合、比较研究的方法，对这一过程进行分析论述，具体论述层次如下：首先，从武士阶层出现的经济背景和政治背景入手，阐述武士阶层产生和发展的历史过程；其次，阐述以武士作为其阶级基础的武家政权形成和发展的历史过程；再次，阐明随着武士阶层的出现及武家政权的形成和发展，作为武士的行为规范的武士道的形成和发展过程；最后，详细论述在不同的历史阶段中，儒家思想对日本武士道所产生的不同影响。

Based on the "Structural Holes" theory and the concept of "Bridge",combined with the characteristics of the sharing, divide the "Bridge" into five types. Discuss the role of the five types in sharing; Based on the results of the UCINET analysis, express the coordination role of coordinator, and give a optimization way of the inside network; Divide the broker into two types, and make a description of the two types' function in details; Integrate the discussion of gate keeper and representative, and descript the different function of them on the same system; Descript the function of the Simmel model,and illustrate the bad effect of the model and give measures to avoid that.

在简述"结构洞"理论和"桥"的概念的基础上，结合科技资源共享的特点，把"桥"划分为5种类型；对不同类型"桥"在共享中的作用进行论述；基于UCINET分析结果说明协调者的协调作用，并提出内部人际网络优化方法；对中介者进行再次分类，并详述两种模式在科技资源共享中的功能实现；将守门人与发言人综合论述，描述在同一个体系下实现两者不同作用；对齐美尔连带的作用进行论述，对其可能产生的负面影响进行说明并给出相应的避免措施。

Firstly, this thesis discusses the contents of rules about Regional Trade Agreement in multilateral trade system.

在上述论述基础上，本文重点论述了区域贸易体制与多边贸易体制的冲突与协调。

In this argument, the arguer states that the country of Myria charges fees for the use of national parks and reports little evidence of environmental damage.

在本项论述中，论述者称，Myria国对使用国家公园实行收费，且几乎不存在环境遭毁坏的迹象。

This article tinselly explains the connotation of commercial bank" s system, describes Marxian and the new system economics, puts forwards the definition essential function and target of the commercial bank" s system on the theory Of the system and its vicissitude; Secondly, summarizes of historic analysis puts forwards the features of both system and theory for the three period in the historic vicissitude, and the instructive node of vicesitudesystem of the theory of it synthetic bank system" s vicissitude with the force of market and nation;Thirdly, illustrates the identity and difference of the commercial bank" s system through the horizontal analysis for its system; Finally , according to china" s reality , analyses the processes of the Chinese commercial bank" s system , the synthetic tendency of the vicissitude of realistic bank" s system and the reason for synthesis , puts forwards it synthetic mode of the Chinese commercial bank"s system and the specific request and content of the creation of commercial bank" s system , providing the reference for the reform of the Chinese commercial bank" s system.

本文首先阐述了商业银行制度的内涵，描述了马克思主义理论及新制度经济学关于制度及制度变迁的理论论述。提出了商业银行制度的定义、构成、基本功能与目标。其次，用历史的分析方法对商业银行制度进行了总结，论述了商业银行制度历史变迁中三个阶段的制度特征及理论特征，提出了由市场力量和国家力量共同主导下的综合银行制度变迁的理论特征及引导性制度变迁模式。再次对商业银行制度做了横向的比较分析，论述了商业银行制度的趋同性和差异性。最后根据中国的实际情况，分析了中国商业银行制度的历史变迁过程和现实银行制度变迁的综合化趋向及动因，提出了中国商业银行制度综合化的模式及商业银行制度的具体要求和内容，为中国的商业银行制度改革提供参考。

The article research the relative project about visibility, it discussed the principle, it introduced the new measuring method opposite the foreword scattering visibility meter and design the transmit and incept devices of foreword scattering visibility for keystone, it is advanced the characteristics of the light source which is should be possess , it show the advantage of the LED used to the light source and selected PIN LED which matching with it, the article is discussed the optics system and design the reasonable object lens structure, measuring and controlling system and the relative design idea ,design method and the accuracy analyzing etc.

本文研究了能见度测量仪器的有关问题，系统地论述了能见度测量仪器的理论，然后以前向散射式能见度仪为研究对象，论述一种新的测量方法，提出了理想光源应具备的特点，说明了采用LED 发光二极管做光源的优越性，并选择了合适的PIN 光电二极管与之匹配，对光学系统作了全面讨论，设计出合理的物镜结构、机械结构、并详细论述了与之有关的设计思想、设计方法和精度分析等问题。

This paper is divided into five parts, the first part begins with the content of science and technology risks, satiating the relations between technology risk and social risk, introducing the risk of the related social theory sisterly; the second part satiates the causes of the science and technology from internal and external factors; the third part illustrates the risks of science and technology system in contemporary Western society , the Western countries not only reflection in theory, but also try to prose in practice; the fourth part illustrates the characteristics of contemporary Chinese society and the Regulation situation of Technology Risk; the fifth part, making technology risk measures and proposals for China's regulations.

本文分为五部分，第一部分，从风险与科技风险的内涵入手论述科技风险与风险社会的关系，系统地介绍一下风险社会的相关理论；第二部分，从内部因素和外部因素两方面来论述，探析科技风险产生的原因；第三部分，介绍当代西方社会规制科技风险的工作，西方国家不仅进行理论的反思，而且也着手实践的尝试；第四部分，介绍中国当代社会的特征与规制科技风险的工作现状；第五部分，论述中国规制科技风险的措施与建议。

First of all, I, to some basic theory knowledge of the scenic spot, concept, important document of the composition, function, historical development of the scenic spot are described , among them differentiate and analyse the difference between scenic spot, nature reserve , Forest Park , tourist zone , foreign national park especially, pass the comparison in such several respects as nature , definition , establishment conditions , aim , building policy ,etc, can find out there are very great differences in scenic spot and other areas , it is an independent legal area; Secondly, I analyse to China and foreign legislative overview of scenic spot, list the scenic spot in the national park or protection zone system abroad , has made the special" law of protection zone " and " law of national park ", China"s corresponding legislation is more weak , there is not a special scenic spot to legislate at present in China, only an administrative statute that the State Council issued in 1982 -" provisional administrative regulations of scenic spot"; Moreover, I set up with the existing legislative existing problem of scenic spot in our country is it expound the fact to go onning to of our country planning , management, property right that scenic spot exist, it will must set about making " the law of scenic spot" while saving the scenic spot to strengthen the protection management to the scenic spot at the present stage; Finally, I belong to to legislative aim , legislative principle , right, our country of " scenic spot law such basic frames as the system , management system , legal liability ,etc. is it expound the fact to go on..

首先，笔者对风景名胜区的一些基础理论知识，风景名胜区的概念、构成要件、功能、历史发展等问题进行论述，其中重点辨析了风景名胜区与自然保护区、森林公园、旅游区、外国国家公园的区别，通过性质、定义、设立条件、宗旨、建设方针等几方面的比较，可以看出风景名胜区与其他区域有很大差别，是一个独立的法定区域；其次，笔者对中国和国外风景名胜区立法概况进行分析，国外将风景名胜区列入国家公园或保护区体系，并制定了专门的《保护区法》和《国家公园法》，而中国相应立法则比较薄弱，中国目前没有一部专门的风景名胜区立法，只有一部国务院在1985年颁布的行政法规——《风景名胜区管理暂行条例》：再次，笔者对我国风景名胜区存在的规划、管理、产权设置和我国现有的风景名胜区立法存在问题进行论述，现阶段要加强对风景名胜区的保护管理，挽救风景名胜区，必须着手制定《风景名胜区法》；最后，笔者对我国《风景名胜区法》的立法宗旨、立法原则、权属制度、管理体制、法律责任等基本框架进行论述。

There are three parts in the main body of the thesis: first the author discussed the origin of charitable spirit, the change in the spirit and acts of modern charities and its new features; meanwhile, the author also gave an introduction of the purpose and scope of charities; second, the author made a further discussion on basic causes of the development of almshouses and charitable associations in Chongqing during that period, their organizational system; and then discussed the breeding fields with modern features and some characters of clan, and some problems and disputes happened among them, and then discussed the relationship among government, civilian, and gentry. Finally, the author gave a summary of the difference and indifference of the charities in Chongqing and Shanghai by comparing of them.

正文首先，论述了中国慈善思想的源流，近代慈善事业在思想与办善举措上的转变状况，以及慈善事业出现的新特征，同时，介绍了慈善事业的落脚点与范围；其次，论述了清末民初重庆综合善堂、善会发展的根本原因，以及善堂、善会的基本建制：接着论述了重庆具有近代特色与宗族特点的教养工场，以及民间善堂、善会中出现的问题与纠纷，并由此分析了官一民一绅在慈善事业中的关系；最后，通过对重庆与上海两地慈善事业的比较，总结了慈善事业在两地的异同。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。