论文

The result is that larger firms\' control benefits work in reaction control process, but neither of information benefit and control benefit work in prepositive process.

论文最后对研究的结论进行总结，并分别对大企业、小企业、政府部门提出了管理启示，指出了论文的不足之处，对未来的研究提出展望。

During the experiment three tests were given to the two classes: Pretest, mid-test and final test.

第一章是对论文的主要介绍，第二章是有关的文献回顾，第三章为论文的主体部分—试验过程。

The letter of credit already became one of international trade most important payment ways, promoted the international trade smoothly to carry on, but the letter of credit independence principle of abstraction as well as correlation legislation being short of, enabled in the letter of credit use process to have each kind of risk, soft provision question then was model one kind.

求论文摘要的英文翻译，感激涕零论文中文摘要的翻译实在举步维艰，十分感谢各位好心人帮忙！！信用证已经成为国际贸易最重要的支付方式之一，促进了国际贸易的顺利进行，但是信用证的独立抽象原则以及相关立法的欠缺，使得信用证使用过程中存在各种风险，其中软条款问题便是其中典型的一种。

We introduce convex,and in particular semidefinite,optimization methods,duality and complexity theory to shed new light to this relation for the single stock problem, given moments of the prices of the underlying assets,we show that we can find best possible bounds on option prices with general payoff funcations efficiently,either algorithmically(solving a semidefinite optimization problem)or in closed form, conversely,given observable option prices,we provide best possible bounds on moments of the prices of the underlying assets,as well as on the prices of the other options on the same asset by sovling linear optimization problems for options that are affected by multiple stocks either directly(the payoff of the option depends on multiple stocks)or indirectly(we have information on correlations between stock prices),we find on-optimal bounds using convex optimization methods,however,we show that it is NP-hard to find best possible bounds in multiple dimensions,we extend our results to incorporate transactions costs,this paper,in theory and practice can provide a reference to researchers and designers about Chinese financial derivative products,the full text is divided into six chapters as follows: ChapterⅠ:Papers on the background and significance of the subjects on a number of option pricing models as well as their advantages and shortcomings of the model and describes the status of research and writing papers and the main contents of the basic idea.

相应地，给定期权价格，也能够出标的资产瞬时价格的最有可能的最好的界。还有通过解决一个线性最优化问题，根据同一标的资产的其他期权的价格来找到这个期权的界值，对于期权受到多种股票价格直接影响(期权的收益依赖于多种股票)或者间接影响(我们有股票之间联系的有用信息)，如果使用凸规划方法我们就会发现没有最优的界，也能够证明对于多维情形确实是很难找到最优的最有可能的界值，最后将这一结论推广到考虑交易成本的情况。本文在理论和实践上给我国金融衍生产品研究者和设计者提供一定的参考。全文共分为六章，具体安排如下：第一章：阐述论文的选题背景和意义，介绍期权定价的一些模型以及这些模型的优点与缺点，并介绍国内外研究的现状以及论文的写作基本思路与主要内容。

This thesis mainly consists of five parts.First, in prodrome, background, motive, meaning, content and way of this study were introduced.

本论文主要由以下五大部分组成：首先为绪论部分，主要指出论文的研究背景、研究目的与意义、研究内容、研究方法。

Oil and gas operating costs;; cost analysis;; cost prognostication

论文单位中国石油大学，点击次数 7，论文页数 61页File Size374K

The prolegomena before the text includes the motive, goals, approach, limitations and structure of this study. Then, the conclusion provides some discoveries and suggestions about this subject. Regard with the text, the first chapter introduces the theory and structure of the psychological strategy.

在论文之前有绪论，叙述研究动机、研究目的、研究方法、研究途径、研究限制，与研究架构；在论文之后有结论，以提出研究发现与研究建议。

This paper divides into 4 parts totally: the first part is the prolegomenon; it introduced the major problem of this paper, collects the former related documents and make a brief classify summary of them, point out the major viewpoint of them.

本论文共分为四个部分：第一部分是论文的引言，介绍了本文的主要问题，并对作者能够收集到的以往的相关文献做了一个简要的归类总结，指出了它们的主要观点和不足。

Finally, it summarizes the features of this article, and gives prospective view of the future research.

论文的最后是论文的工作总结以及后续研究方向的进一步展望。

In order to encourage innovations of science and technology to promote pullulation of talents in science and technology, we chose through public appraisal 5 top-notch talents, 23 excellent professionals, 12 excellent scientific and technological achievements, 19 prize-winning papers, and 9 prize-winning books.

同时，也涌现出了一大批优秀科技人才。为了鼓励科技创新，促进科技人员成长，此次科技大会评选出了5名专业技术拔尖人才、23名优秀专业技术人员，并从征集到的99份各类成果、论文、论著中，认真评选出了12项优秀科技成果、19篇优秀论文、9部优秀论著，予以表彰、奖励。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。