论

Curriculum theories such as elementalism , encyclopaedism , polytechnicalism and pragmatism provide a theoretical basis for constructing the school administration teaching material system and lead us to reflect on this problem from two dimensions : 1 what the school administration teaching materials generally describe should represent a complete framework for school administration activities and a typical knowledge scheme 2 the content of school administration teaching materials should not only contains the explicit knowledge of school administration activities but also provide an implicit knowledge to help readers make transformation between the two .

要素主义课程论，百科全书主义课程论，综合技术主义课程论和实用主义课程理论为我们提供了构建学校管理学教材体系的理论基础，引导我们从两个维度来思考构建学校管理学教材体系问题：一是学校管理学教材所描述的整体应该构成学校管理活动的完备的框架和典型的知识脉络，二是学校管理学的教材内容不仅要凝练学校管理活动中的显性知识，还要映射学校管理活动中的隐性知识，帮助读者实现隐性知识和显性知识之间的转换。

This paradox is the leading, epochal one in various moral education paradoxes, which is inevitable.

这一悖论是学校道德教育众多悖论中时代性的主导悖论，是必然存在的。

This dissertation explores the Value Price Theory of Adam Smith, the Price Theory of David Ricardo, the Labor Value Theory of Karl-Marx, the Price Theory of the production expenditure of J. Say, the Marginal Utility theory of Eugen Von Bohn-Bawerk and the Equilibrium Price Theory of Maxieer. Meanwhile it researches the modem market price theory and modern enterprise price practice. Using Marxism and modern market price theory synthetically to analyze passenger price formation mechanism of Civil Aviation of China overall, systematically and deeply on theory.

本文全面分析了亚当·斯密的价值价格理论、大卫·李嘉图的价值价格理论、马克思的劳动价值论、萨伊的生产费用价格论、庞巴维克的边际效用论和马歇尔的均衡价格论，分析了现代市场价格理论以及企业定价实践研究的成果，综合运用马克思主义及现代市场价格理论，对中国民航客运价格形成机制进行了全面、深入、系统的理论分析。

Resource exiguity, security science, sustainable development, overall national strength, which all work together to develop theoretically framework of supply security of mineral resource.

资源稀缺论、安全科学论、可持续发展论和综合国力论共同作用，有机地构成了矿产资源供应安全理论框架。

The theory of resource exiguity is basis of researching supply security of mineral resource. The theory of security science is foundation to weigh whether supply of mineral resource is safe or not The theory of sustainable development is basic demand to research safe supply of mineral resource.

其中资源稀缺论是研究矿产资源供应安全的基础；安全科学论是衡量矿产资源供应是否安全的砝码；可持续发展论是矿产资源供应安全的基本要求；综合国力论是矿产资源供应安全的保障手段。

Despite the current popularity of externalist accounts of knowledge, however, one might be less sanguine about the prospects for an externalist response to the problem of radical skepticism. The reason for this is that the skeptical puzzle seems to itself strike against the prima facie attraction of an externalist account of knowledge.

尽管当前流行对知道的外在论说明，一个人依然可以对'通过外在论回应彻底怀疑论'不报希望，这是因为怀疑论难题似乎本身就反击的是对知道的外在论说明。

And with these results, I delve further into the theoretical issues of MSP and the concentration is on a special class of MSP-Doob skeleton processes. Generalized limit distribution, limit distribution of these processes and conditions and the expressions for the existence of invariable measure of such processes are provided. Finally, these new results are then applied to queueing theory, reliability theory and inventory theory. A detailed study of GI/G/1 queuing model, parallel connection system model, water reservoir model and perishable inventory model is discussed. These models have already been investigated to some degree. In particular, as mentioned above, some scholars have already successfully applied the transient behavior theory of MSP to these models and transient distributions of main variables in such models have been obtained. However, the limit behavior has not been addressed. In this thesis, limit behavior of main variables in the above-mentioned models is established.

在这个基础上，对马尔可夫骨架过程的理论进一步进行了探讨，将注意力集中于一类特殊的马尔可夫骨架过程Doob骨架过程，给出了这类过程的广义极限分布、极限分布以及不变测度存在性条件和表达式，并应用这些结论于排队论、可靠性理论和存储论等领域-具体分析了GI/G/1排队论系统模型、并联系统模型、水库储水模型、易腐烂物品库存模型——这些模型都不同程度地被许多学者研究过，特别，如前面提及，已有人成功地应用马尔可夫骨架过程的瞬时性态理论，获得了上述各模型中的主要参量过程的瞬时分布，但是，却并没有探讨它们的极限性态——建立了若干关于上述各模犁的主要参量过程的极限性态的结果。

Iseki , this theory contact to be suffused with universal algebra, group theory, ring theory, lattice theory,Boolean algebra,set point topology, toplogical algebra etc. we have already obtained the large quantity result to the research of the BCK algebra.

Iseki引入的代数系统，这一理论联系到泛代数、群论、环论、格论、布尔代数、点集拓扑和拓扑代数等，对BCK代数的研究已经取得了一大批的研究成果。

The paper consists of the following 4 parts:Major contents of Part One include the origin and evolution of geopolitics, while focus is laid on discussing the "marine rights theory" claimed by Alfred Thayer Mahan , the "land rights theory" put forward by Halford John Mackinder and the "marginal zone theory" proposed by Nicholas J. Spykman, all of which had exerted far-reaching influences on the U.S. administration in making its realistic diplomatic policies.

全文共分四大部分：第一部分主要论述了地缘政治理论的源起和发展，重点论述了对美国制定现实主义外交政策具有深远影响的马汉的"海权论"、麦金德的"陆权论"和斯皮克曼的"边缘地带论"。

Critics of memetics argue that it is lacking in empirical support or is conceptually ill-founded, and question whether there is hope for the memetic research program succeeding.

批评模因论的人认为，模因论缺乏实证的支持或在概念上缺乏依据，并怀疑模因论研究项目是否有希望获得成功。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。