记忆

The call developmental process of Psittacula agapornis consists of five instinct phases according to its call character. In the first phase （congenital cal1 phase, CCP, 0~12 day of age）, the juveniles only produce single syllable with short syllable length. The second phase（blank-model-forming phase,BMFP, 13~30 day of age） is important for formation of vocal learning pathways. During this phase, the calls characterized by more and longer syllables. In the third phase （call-model-forming phase,CMFP, 31~45 day of age）, the call development is guided by a model system for vocal learning, vocal learning is engendered so that some calls with multi-syllables with UP1 are produced, principal frequency has increased about by 920 cent, the number of note is double that of second phase. The short-term memories are transformed into long-term memories in the forth phase （call-feedback-learning phase,CFLP, 46~90 day of age）. The call of juveniles is a close match to tutor call which accompanied by double various sounds with BS and UP1, and more resonance components were formed. Second principal frequency has increased about by 970 cent, the number of note increases by 2.6~3.0 times. During the fifth phase （excellent call phase,ECP, after 91 d）, vocal motor pathway is developed and the calls are accompanied with most stable, harmonious vari-tone and complex repertoire.

牡丹鹦鹉的鸣声发育分为5个时期。0~12 d为先天性鸣声期，鸣声特征为以基本音为主音的单音节单音调声，声长短。13~30 d为空白模板形成期，鸣声特征为以基本音为主音的多音节单音调声，声长和音量显著性增加，表明发声学习通路开始形成。31~45 d为鸣声模板形成期，鸣声特征为以第1陪音（UP1）为主音的多音节单变调声，声长和音量显著性增加，主音频提升约920音分，涵盖的律音数增加1倍，表明发声学习模板逐渐形成，发声学习开始。46~90 d为鸣声反馈学习期，鸣声特征为以BS和UP1为主音的双变调声，声长和音量显著性增加，主音频涵盖的律音数增加2.6~3.0倍，第2主音频提升约970音分，表明稳定模板逐渐形成，短期记忆逐渐向长期记忆转化。91 d后为完美鸣声期，鸣声特征为以UP1为主音的复合变音调声，声长、音量、主音频的提升和涵盖的律音数都趋于平稳，鸣声稳定而和谐，表明发声运动通路基本形成。

Ajoint study conducted by Harvard Medical School and the University ofPennsylvania found that shut-eye enhances your ability to recallrecently learned memories, even when those memories are challengedhours later by new information.

在哈佛医学院和宾夕法尼亚大学的一项共同研究中，发现睡觉可以提高你回想在记忆中的最近学过的东西，尽管这些记忆中的知识在数小时后会受到新知识的挑战。

Secondly, subtypes of MCI have to be recognized as amnestic MCI, single non-memory MCI and multiple-domains MCI.

第二，辨认MCI亚型，即记忆型MCI、单个非记忆区域MCI以及多个区域MCI。

In this experiment, effects of local electrolytic lesion of bilateral anteventral or posterior or antedorsal hippocampus on learning and memory of dark avoidance behavior in rats were observed respectively. The results show that local lesion of different part of hippocampus more or less block rat's learning and memory of this behovioral pattern, particularly anteventral lesion, but their instinct of light avoidance and liking dark is not influenced.

本实验分别观察了局部电解损伤双侧海马的腹前部、后部和背前部对大白鼠避暗行为的学习和记忆的影响，结果表明：局部损伤海马各部可以不同程度地阻碍这种行为模式的学习和记忆，其中以损伤腹前部最为严重，依次是损伤后部和背前部，但是对大白鼠避光嗜暗的本能没有影响。

Therefore, said Dr. Cohen,"Interfering with normal function in the dentate gyrus may impair memory formation--especially antegrade memory, the ability to learn new things."

Cohen博士说&齿状回的正常功能损害时，会影响记忆的形成——尤其是顺行性记忆，也就是学习能力&。

Accordingly, he has both anterograde and retrograde amnesia: he cannot form new factual memories and he cannot recall old ones.

因此，他同时患有顺行性与逆行性失忆症：他既无法形成新记忆，也唤不起旧有的记忆。

That's a quite different way to learn words compared with other methods, such as associational memorial method and remembering words in articles.

和其他诸如联想记忆法，把单词放在文章中记忆等方法比较而言这一方法可谓是另辟奚径。

Traumatic events always lead to aversive emotional memory, i.e., fear memory.

创伤事件总是导致负性的情绪记忆，比如恐惧记忆。

Brushy subtropical plant, fluctuant ravine and stream, and continuous cool breeze bring you original memories of the nature. You can recall the great moments when meeting with those lovely animals and keep the most beautiful pictures into your memory in a quiet, peaceful and harmonious atmosphere.

浓茂的亚热带植物、起伏的沟壑溪流、阵阵不断的清风，送来的是关于自然最原始的记忆，在宁静平和充满温馨的气氛中享受与可爱动物邂逅的美妙过程，将最美的画面永久珍藏在记忆中。

Bugan Yangsui formula could remarkably promote the RNA metabolism and improve the structure of neurons relevant to learning and memory in spontaneous aged dementia mice.

补肝养髓方改善自发老年性痴呆模型学习记忆障碍的机理可能与促进调节其大脑皮质的 RNA 代谢，改善学习记忆关键脑区的神经元结构有关。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。