讨论

Two states of Markov chains are discussed using state transition matrix in this paper.

本文利用状态转移矩阵，对两个状态的马氏链进行讨论，推出n步转移矩阵、遍历状态及任一时刻马氏链的概率法则，并应用到具体问题讨论它的实际意义。

This is a translation group of Nan Ping Shan Charity Trust Inc.

这是 EZLearn 语言学习机讨论群组，也是一个外语学习讨论园地。

With being discussed city development level, economic benefit, social benefit and items feasibility, the elements affecting city track transportation type choice is studied. And from social welfare, the economic benefit is put emphasis on: starting with the benefits of tripper and operator, it is studied respectively under three conditions, maximal social welfare, maximal social welfare with no operating profit, and maximal social welfare considering govenment allowance and business income.

论文从城市总体发展水平、经济效益、社会效益、项目实施的可行性四个方面出发，对影响城市轨道交通类型选择的因素进行讨论，并从社会福利角度着重分析了修建城市轨道交通的经济效益：经济效益从出行者效益和运营者效益两方面入手，对其在社会福利最大、运营利润为零的社会福利最大和考虑政府补贴及物业收入的社会福利最大三种情况下进行了讨论。

It must be typewritten or computer-processed, it must be double-spaced, and it must be at least ten pages in length.

你可以用两篇文章互作剖析，假如你觉得可以发展你的论述，可以加进第二篇文章讨论，但是不要拿两篇以上的文章讨论。

The concept of decision making structure has been introduced into decentralized control, and the question of unclassical solutions have been discussed.

本文还将决策结构等概念引入分散控制，并讨论了非经典解的问题；此外，文中还讨论了关连控制与其它分散控制方法的配合使用，以及怠滞模在分散控制中的定义及算法。

In thesis,I paper analyse devotion and weakpoiats ofthis theory and other theories in economic growth from the relation of rent—seekingafter market—oriented reform and institutional change in China,together with eco-nomic growth,studie the principle.and economic performance of the matching allo-cation of rent—seeking and prodnction elements,analyse another kind of rent—seeking undiscussed by traditional theory——rent—seeking to improse present in-stitation for its low efficiency and its relation with economic performance.

在本文的第四章，作者首先评介了寻租阻碍经济增长的理论贡献与不足，并且讨论了其它所有对经济增长分析的理论贡献和不足，文章以中国市场化改革中的寻租活动与制度变迁以及经济增长的相互关系出发，分析了寻租与生产要素匹配配置的基本原理以及经济绩效，论证了传统寻租理论没有讨论与分析的另一种寻租活动——现存制度低效下的为改善制度的寻租及其与经济绩效的关系。

Eighty percent of the time the same problem has already been discussed, it is just up to me to unearth the recorded discussion.

百分之八十的同样的问题已经讨论过，它只是由我来挖掘记录讨论的时间。

According to the model's actual background,discussing the random variable coefficient equation and using direct method,we obtain sufficient condition for the uniform stability and the globally asymptotic stability of difference equation,and also give examples to show they can not substitute each other.

本文根据种群模型的实际背景，讨论了任意变系数方程利用直接方法获得了所讨论方程的零解的一致稳定和全局渐近稳定的充分条件，并举例说明了这两个充分条件不能相互代替。

In addition, the concept of scene centriod is introduced to represent video scene by averaging of all key frames inside a group of shots in the given video scene, which makes an audacious attempt for high-level video unit extraction and representation;4 According to the given sample video, shot and scene-based video retrieval methods are discussed respectively, and the evaluation pricinples are also discussed.

进而，讨论了由场景中一组镜头的关键帧的质心表示场景关键帧，即场景质心的方法，从而为抽取高层的视频数据单元做出了大胆的尝试； d 从给定样本视频出发，分别讨论了基于镜头和场景的视频检索方法，并分析了检索性能评价的准则。

After all, population under sub health condition is much larger than those suffering from ailment.More attention to relieving the economic burden on medical care is greatly urged.1 In reality, the percentage of the families failing to afford the exorbitant prices is on the increase.2 In terms of democracies, government can never escape the responsibility for its people's right of subsistence.3 Taking the effect into consideration, investment on the medical treatment serves as the most efficient means to alleviate people's physical and mental torture.Statistics concerning deficiencies of government's function unshakably suggest the heightened demand of more investment on medical treatment.

就"普通人的健康生活方式"来说，应该从"宏观"（即一个国家/民族整体的国民身体素质）方面、"长远"（即政府应着眼于多数人长期的发展）方面和"预防"方面来讨论；就"病人的医疗费用"来说，从"实际"（即医疗费用很高，普通民众负担沉重）方面、"国家本质"（即资本主义国家以公共福利以示与封建主义区分的本质，任何时候至少在表面上应确保大众的基本权利的获得）和"短期效应"（即在最短时间内保障生存权，或者说民众的个人税产生期望效应的最直接方式方面来讨论。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。