认识论

Section 3 probes the complexity of Vico\'s thoughts through discussing the works of Vico with exception of New Science .chapter 2 introduces and analysis New Science, The argument in this chapter are as follows:The epistemology of New Science isverura——factum, had been basing on this principle, Vico tried to developa new science——humanity and social sciences;(2)Methodology of NewScience: theme and theory in union, experience and rationality in union;(3) Conception of history of New Science: The theory of three stages and repeats itself of historical development, human society is created by itself;(4)Poetic wisdom, and its influences to aesthetics, literature and art theory;(5)The imagination theory of New Science, and its aesthetic significance as well as influences.

第一节论述《新科学》的认识论和题旨，指出《新科学》的认识论是真理——创造物原则，由此维柯试图创立一门"新科学"，即与自然科学相对的人文社会科学或者说文化哲学；第二节论述《新科学》的方法论：题材与学说的统一、经验与理性的统一；第三节论述《新科学》历史观：历史循环三阶段论、人类历史是由人类自己创造出来的，并提及其对人类学、美学的影响；第四节论述诗性智慧及其美学、文艺学影响；第五节论述《新科学》的想象理论及其美学意义和影响；第六节论述"发现真正的荷马"的内涵以及对社会历史批评的开创性意义。

This paper is using contrast analysis and typical cases of the existence decides the consciousness in the materialism knowledge and the consciousness decides the existence in Hegel's idealistic knowledge to expose its mistrial veal of idealistic nature in this legend, and the severe harm to the develop of economics.

本文用存在决定意识的唯物主义认识论和黑格尔意识决定存在的唯心主义认识论的对比分析及典型事例，令人信服的揭穿了这个神话的唯心主义性质以及对经济学的严重危害。

He argues that the essence of beauty lies in harmony and order. The origin of beauty comes from the preordination of God. Thereby he introduces the factor of purpose into his explanation of beauty in an attempt to establish a link between imagery and the rational realm. Starting from his theories of monads, he demonstrates the duality of esthetic sense, which is both clear and confused. His th...

他从单子论的"前定和谐"说出发，论证了美的本质在和谐、秩序，而美的本源来自上帝预先安排，从而将目的因引入对美的解释中，试图在可感形象与理性世界之间建立联系；同时又从单子论的认识论出发，阐述了美感属于既明白又混乱的认识，是一种"混乱的知觉"，具有知其然而不知其所以然、令人愉悦却不涉功利的特点，从而确立了美学在认识论体系中的地位，对鲍姆加登和康德的美学产生了直接影响。

This understanding of Guo's epistemology can't hold water, for it resulted from viewing and superfluously and partially understanding only one aspect of his theory.

这样理解郭象的认识论当然是不对的，因为这只仅仅看到了其认识论思想的一个方面，而且对这一个方面作了表面的、片面的理解。

From 1976 to 1985,he stuck to Dialectical Materialism as a guideline,reflected on the literary and artistic characteristics of the "Art in its special way grasp the world "," Art has its own independent special targets " and other important proposition to do an in-depth exposition. He also made a brilliant insights about artistic typicalness; From 1985 to 1992, he gradually realized Epistemological Literary Theory couldn't explain all the literary phenomenon, so instead of Human Ontology of Literary Theory,on departure from the Human Ontology to interpret the literary phenomenon,str...essing that " Aesthetic is the life of one of the leading activities "," Art is essentially aesthetic ";Before and after 1992, he re-converted research perspective, explaining aesthetic and artistic on the basis of theValue of Philosophy, saying that the beauty is a form of value.

他从1976年到1985年，以辩证唯物主义认识论为指针，反思文学艺术的特性，对"艺术以其特殊的方式掌握世界"、"艺术有自己独立的特殊对象"等重要命题做了深入的阐发，并就艺术典型提出了精辟的见解；从1985年到1992年，他逐渐意识到认识论文艺学无法解释一切文艺现象，于是转而研究人类本体论文艺学，从人类本体论哲学出发去解释文艺现象，强调"审美是人的生命活动主要方式之一"，"艺术在本质上是审美的"；1992年前后，他再度转换研究视角，从价值论哲学出发去解释审美和艺术，认为美就是一种价值形态。

Epistemology of modern philosophy ; dichotomic of subject and object ; cognition of survival and existence

近代哲学认识论；主、客二分说；生存—存在认识论

And the consequence above all the analysis brings out is the finity of Kantism, which is positive and inspirits us to consummate the way of constructure a neo-transcendental subjectivism.

更重要的是从理性内部的分析逼显出康德认识论的有限处，而这一有限处又恰为后人开拓出了广阔的空间，它由两版演绎的不同启示了两种不同的认识论完形之路及其问题。

A specific modest naturalism was not presented, but, instead, four criteria for evaluating a modest naturalism were set forth. The first two criteria stated that any modest naturalism or First Philosophy must be fallible and revisable. The third criterion stated that it must provide some extra-scientific perspective from which to evaluate science.

前两条是说任何温和第一哲学都是可错的和可修正的，第三条是说必须提供一条外在于科学的视角来评价科学，而最后一条则是科学必须能够为认识论提供启示，而同时认识论也必须为科学提供启示，而且不能循环。

The first part of this text is mainly to analyzes the epistemology of the philosophy change direction in the 20th centuries, define the position of Bergson s philosophy in this kind of changing direction, and emphasize to elaborate the instauration of time concept, which outruns traditional philosophy epistemological. But time needs intuition to realize, so the intuition needs to be define in three ways: the descriptive definitions; the corpus ego mental state elucidation and mysterious doctrine character.

本文第一部分主要分析20世纪哲学的认识论转向及在这种转向中柏格森哲学所处的地位，并着重阐述其超出传统哲学认识论的对时间概念的恢复，而时间需要直觉去体认，所以，直觉又需从描述性定义、主体性自我心理说明及神秘主义品性，三个方面来把握。

As a system of introspection and self-explanation, the brain is notisolated from the environment, but self-blocked, the principle of which is to work byitself in the blocked system. People describe and explain the world with language andsymbol.

传统的思辩哲学认识论为其反对客观主义的实在论和反映论开道，现代系统论、二阶控制论、脑神经生理学、认知生物学等科学学科为其认识论假设奠定坚实的科学理论基础。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。