认知的

The results from confirmatory factor analysis indicated:(1) The structural model of children's early mathematical ability was reasonable and it had good structural validity. In detail, children's early mathematical ability was explained by number, arithmetic, measurement, space/geometry and pattern;(2) The structure of children b early mathematical ability was stable across different ages but the structural model was not consistent completely;(3) Boys' structural model was identical with that of girls'.

经验证性因素分析发现：(1)儿童早期数学认知能力的结构模型是合理的，可接受的，具有较好的构想效度，具体讲，数、计算、测量、空间／几何和模式认知能力五个维度共同解释著儿童早期的数学认知能力；(2)不同年龄儿童早期数学认知能力的结构具有稳定性，但是结构模型並不完全一致，某些项目的解释率有所不同；(3)男、女儿童早期数学认知能力的结构模型具有一致性。

The meaning of linguistic symbols is the result of categorization and conceptualization of the subjective world by human beings.

现代认知心理学和认知语言学的研究成果表明：语言是人类认知活动的产物，也是认知活动的工具。

Positive self conscious emotion cognition develops fast from grade 2 to grade 4. Passive self conscious emotion cognition develops slower than the positive one.5 Primary school children"s knowledge about the reason of emotion and knowledge about behaviors of emotion develop fast with the age increased at primary school period.6 Pupils" emotion cognition to the emotion expresser is better than that to the emotion recipient apparently.

积极自我意识情绪认知在2～4年级间有明显发展，发生了"能与不能"质的转变；消极自我意识情绪的认知发展慢于积极自我意识情绪的认知。5 对情绪原因和情绪行为的认知在年级间差异显著，说明其在小学阶段有明显发展。6 对情绪表现者的情绪认知明显好于对情绪接受者的情绪认知。

With the proceeding of modern cognitive psychology and implicit memory, there"s a intergradation between social psychology and cognitive psychology, a new subject named implicit social cognition is then set up. It emphasizes the process of social cognition and mental processing in social context. As the importance of attitude in social cognition, the study of implicit attitude is currently the necessary issue to be resolved.There"re two sections in this dissertation.

随着现代认知心理学和内隐记忆研究的兴起，社会心理学和认知心理学出现了融合的趋势，形成了对内隐社会认知研究的探讨，注重对社会认知过程及个体在社会环境中的心理加工过程，基于态度在社会认知中的重要作用，内隐态度的研究成为目前内隐社会认知研究的前沿问题。

Here are three core contents of such framework:(1) cognitive process is reflected by the temporal, frequency, and spatial evolutions of EEG signals;(2) cognitive process is reflected by different nonlinear oscillations and transients of EEG signals;(3) cognitive process is reflected by the linear/nonlinear coupling and synchronization of EEG signals at different brain regions.

本文的一个理论创新在于首次提出认知动力学系统这一新概念，使得对认知功能的研究建立在一个理论框架下，其核心内容包括三方面：(1)认知过程通过EEG脑电活动在时间，频率，空间上的动态演化体现出来；(2)认知过程通过EEG脑电活动的非线性振动与各种刺激诱发的暂态体现出来；(3)认知过程通过EEG脑电活动在各脑区的相互耦合与同步谐振体现出来。

Social cognitive neuroscience is an interdisciplinary subject using cognitive neuroscience technology to research social cognitive phenomena, and it has become a hotspot in the fields of cognitive neuroscience and psychophysiology.

摘 要：社会认知神经科学是一门采用认知神经科学技术研究社会认知现象的交叉学科，目前已经形成认知神经科学与心理生理学的热点研究领域。

They are: conceptual meaning (logical, cognitive, or denotative content), connotative meaning (what is communicated by virtue of what language refers to), social meaning (what is communicated of the social circumstances of language use), affective meaning (what is communicated of the feeling and attitudes of the speaker/writer), reflected meaning (what is communicated through association with another sense of the same expression), collocative meaning (what is communicated through association with words which tend to occur in the environment of another word), thematic meaning(what is communicated by the way in which the message is organized in terms of order and emphasis).

在商务英语创意中常用的联想方式有接近联想、相似联想、对比联想和关系联想四种。合理地运用联想这一心理现象进行商务英语创意可以引起受众的关怀，影响受众的情绪与行为，使商务英语的效果更直接、更显著。从关联与认知语境的视角出发探讨联想在商务英语创意中的运用是有必要的。关联理论认为，话语的关联程度依赖于语境效果和处理努力，语境效果与关联成正比，处理能力与关联成反比。作者把处理努力理解为认知语言环境所消耗的脑力，关联性越强，话语就越直接，认知所耗的脑力越小，给受话者带来的认知负荷就越小；关联性越弱，话语就越隐含，消耗的脑力越大，受话人的认知负荷越大。

Hence, based on cognitive load theory, cognitive theory of multimedia learning, and existing research results, this dissertation investigated the instruction design for managing extraneous, intrinsic and germane cognitive load, as well as the moderate influences of material character and learners\' individual differences. According to existing and current research results, the author integrated the forementioned two theories and advanced an engender and outcome model of cognitive load in multimedia learning.

因此，本研究以认知负荷理论和多媒体学习的认知理论为理论基础，在已有研究成果基础上，探讨优化控制外在、内在和相关三种认知负荷的教学设计方法，以及学习材料和个体差异在其中所起的调节作用，并根据已有研究成果和本研究的结果对认知负荷理论和多媒体学习的认知理论进行整合与发展，构建了多媒体学习中认知负荷的产生与结果模型。

Cognitive enhancement therapy is described as an integrated approach to the enhancement of neurocognitive and social cognitive abilities, which attempts to capitalize on a presumed neuroplasticity reserve believed to respond to enriched cognitive experiences. It is used as a recovery-phase intervention for symptomatically stable schizophrenic outpatients who are socially and cognitively disabled despite reduced risk of relapse.

认知丰富疗法被形容为一种整合丰富神经认知与社会认知能力的方法，这个方法的目的在利用一种被认为会对丰富认知经验产生反应的假设性神经可塑性；这被用於尽管有复发的可能性，但是在社会上与认知上是失能的有症状稳定精神分裂病患，作为恢复期的介入性治疗。

The article summaries the progress in study of cognitive impairment after thalamic stroke from four aspect which covered neuropsychological mechanism of thalami participating in cognition, the sorting of thalamic stroke, estimating method of cognitive function after thalamic stroke and the status of clinical study of thalamic stroke.

脑卒中后认知功能损害已成为临床神经心理学的研究热点，本文从丘脑参与认知神经心理的机制、丘脑卒中神经心理学分类、丘脑卒中认知功能评价方法、卒中的临床研究概况等四方面对丘脑卒中后认知功能损害的研究进展进行了总结，以期有利于丘脑卒中治疗方案和康复计划的制定，减少丘脑卒中带来的认知功能损害。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。