计算误差

Then a two-particle model with an actual structure as the background is established to study the dynamic interaction between the high-rise pile cap foundation and bridge structure.

结果表明，承台质量较大的高桩承台基础和基础以上桥梁结构之间的动力相互作用现象非常显著，计算桥墩和基础的地震反应时，承台质量的影响不可忽略，否则可能会引起很大的误差。

Based on the results of the study, the angle of the lip stiffener has great effects on the buckling coefficients of inclined lipped flange, and cannot be neglected in calculating buckling strengths of inclined lipped Z-section purlins.

用规范中提供的截面来验证该公式的合理性，结果表明：当卷边角度在40°—90°的范围内时，误差在3％以内，可以满足实际设计要求，并能够推广应用于计算常用斜卷边Z形檩条的翼缘屈曲系数。

In order to meet the demand of thermal design of modern machine tools, thermal model and thermal characteristics of high-speed spindle system in numerical control precision lathe were studied in detail using finite element method.

进一步计算主轴系统的热变形，并通过对主轴箱体散热筋板的合理布局和优化设计，有效降低了主轴头部的径向跳动和端跳误差，使其小于 2μm，均能满足设计要求。

According to the principle of best linear unbiased estimation ,A target localization algorithm for bistatic radar was proposed by pseudo measuring value after coordinate conversion.

利用坐标转换后的伪测量值，根据最佳线性无偏估计原理，提出一种双基地雷达目标的定位方法并给出了算法定位误差的Cramer-Rao理论下限表达式，在不同噪声条件下对算法进行仿真计算，结果表明该方法可以显著提高双基地雷达目标的定位精度，其理论下限和仿真结果都明显优于最小二乘方法。

Based on probability theory, a method for describing and calculating the collision probability between rendezvous and docking vehicle and debris is presented, and the method involves quantitatively analyzing the collision probability using quasi maximum instantaneous collision probability and total collision probability. The method calculating the indexes is developed, and the input required to perform a calculation includes the respective state vectors, position error covariance matrices and physical sizes of objects involved.(3) Two methods to analyze relative trajectory safety between chaser and target are developed, which are 3-sigma ellipsoid based methodology and collision probability based methodology.

1分析了交会对接各阶段面临的主要轨迹安全威胁，阐述了被动和主动安全策略、目标器的交会对接控制区域等保证交会安全的措施；(2)基于概率思想发展了线性和非线性运动情况下飞行器与空间碎片的碰撞判断方法，提出采用总碰撞概率和拟最大瞬时碰撞概率来综合描述飞行器与空间碎片的碰撞危险程度，推导了通过飞行器和空间碎片各自的状态矢量、位置误差协方差矩阵以及形状尺寸来计算碰撞概率的公式；(3)提出了两种分析追踪器和目标器之间相对轨迹安全的新方法：基于3σ椭球的轨迹安全分析方法和基于碰撞概率的轨迹安全分析方法。

This paper analyses and proves that the restoring saturation coefficient α of one dimension extra saturation sediment discharge method and the modified coefficient K of the quasi hydrostatic settlement method are reciprocals each other.

分析论证了一维超饱和输沙法恢复饱和系数α与准静水沉降法修正系数K互为倒数；在分析影响α值变化因素的基础上，建立了计算恢复饱和系数α的数学模型；经过误差分析验证，模型的精度、可靠度均满足设计要求，可供生产设计单位使

In this paper,the principle for the orifice flow-meter to measure the hydraulic turbine wicket gate leakage was introduced.

本文介绍了用标准节流孔板流量计进行水轮机导叶漏水量测量的基本原理，结合实例介绍了计算方法并进行了误差分析。

New molecular parameters of 18 alcohol-amines were obtained by fitting saturated vapor pressures and liquid densities at different temperatures.The overall average deviations of saturated vapor pressure and liquid density were only 0.94% and 0.88% respectively.

通过关联不同温度下醇胺的饱和蒸气压和液体体积得到了18种醇胺流体的分子参数，新方程计算的饱和蒸气压和液体密度总的平均误差分别为0.94%和0.88%。

The sixth chapter will discuss the initial alignment of the Marine SINS theoretically. First, the error characters of initial alignment will be analysed, then, a new two-position alignment method together with the realization of the estimation of the gyroscopes' random constant drifts will be presented.

第四部分从理论上着重讨论了舰载捷联式惯导系统的初始对准问题，对初始对准的误差特性进行了较深入的分析，提出了可在初始对准的同时完成对陀螺仪随机常值漂移估计的双位置对准方法，并对该方法进行了理论分析，可行性分析和仿真计算分析。

It is found that the effects of the latent heat are not negligible in the laser cladding process and their errors depend on the temperature range during phase transformation s and the size of melted material region.

计算结果表明，在激光涂敷过程的温度场分析中，潜热的影响不是总可以忽略的，其误差取决于材料在物相转变时交界面温差的範围及材料熔解体积的大小。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。