计算误差

In mechanics kinematics, Jacobin matrix may be calculated and simplified by vector constructing; Inverse solution and its restricting condition be given; Forward solution be solved by new-raphson method. The method need shorter time than optimization and has a lot of advantages in applying program; some relationship of velocity, acceleration, force and error of mapping from input to output have been given. Analyzing of theory base these researches.

在机构运动学研究方面，通过矢量构造的方式计算出了速度雅克比矩阵，简化了计算量；给出了机构位置逆解的计算过程及约束条件；利用Newton—Raphson法计算出了机构位置的正解，该算法比优化法计算时间短，而且利于实际编程；给出了机构输入、输出端速度、力、误差的映射关系，这些研究是机构理论分析的基础。

Establish the steady-state and transient model using the three hydrodynamics equations (Continuity equation, Momentum equation and Energy equation). By comparing different state equation, it selects the BWRS state equation which is considered the most accurate state equation in current natural gas measurement. It calculates compression factor, density and other Thermal parameters based on BWRS state equation. In Numerical solution of the steady-state and transient model, compression factor, friction coefficient and all the other Thermal parameters are recalculated in each small time step to reduce the numerical calculation error.

在稳态模型的建立上，利用流体力学三大方程(连续性方程、运动方程和能量方程)，通过比较不同的状态方程选用了目前被认为最精确的用于天然气计量的BWRS状态方程，并以此方程为基础进行压缩因子、密度等热物性参数的计算；在稳态模型的求解上，选用容易计算，精度较高的标准型龙格—库塔(Runge-Kutta)法进行数值求解，并且在迭代过程的每一小步都重新计算燃气的压缩因子，摩阻系数等所有的计算参数，以减少数值计算的误差。

In Fourier transform profilometry,because of the nonlinear relationship between the irradiant incident upon a CCD dete ctor andthe voltage it outputs,it will cause phase evaluation errors.Here,we ex plain the errorsource by theoretical deducing,then make a simulation.At last,a method to decrease thiserror is put forward.

文摘：在傅里叶变换轮廓术中，由于CCD探测器光电响应的非线性，将在测量中引入高次项，从而对相位的求解造成较大误差，通过理论的推导定性地解释了误差的来由，并用计算机进行了模拟计算，最后提出了减小误差的方法。

In Fourier transform profilometry,because of the nonlinear relationship between the irradiant incident upon a CCD dete ctor andthe voltage it outputs,it will cause phase evaluation errors.Here,we ex plain the errorsource by theoretical deducing

文摘：在傅里叶变换轮廓术中，由于CCD探测器光电响应的非线性，将在测量中引入高次项，从而对相位的求解造成较大误差，通过理论的推导定性地解释了误差的来由，并用计算机进行了模拟计算，最后提出了减小误差的方法。

The predictive coding is based on the relativity between the neighboring pixels. On the coutrary, steganograph will destroy the relativity between the neighboring pixels. Through computing and analysing the predictive error of cover image and steg image, it is obtained that steganograph will increase the predictive error. So the predictive error can be used to detect steganograph.

该算法的基本思想是利用空域隐写会破坏图像相邻像素之间的相关性，而预测编码是利用图像相邻像素之间的相关性来预测的，这样隐写后图像的预测误差将会大于载体图像的预则误差，通过计算隐写前后图像的预测误差来分析图像中是否含有秘密信息。

The error of the elongation is 2.3%, by the multi-dimension linear regression model, the relative error are from ? 5% to ? 15% respectively. Comparing the results, it can be found that the neural network overmatches the multi-dimension linear regression. So that, the model can be used in the production of the marine propeller aluminum bronze.

计算结果表明，三项输出的预测值与实测数据接近，抗拉强度和屈服强度的相对误差在±1％的范围以内，延伸率的最大绝对误差为2.3％，明显优于多元线性回归模型±5％—±15％的误差，能较好地满足工程应用的要求，对高强度船用螺旋桨铝青铜的生产具有一定的指导意义。

A hyperbolic error often appears in cutting cone with ordinary lathe tool and arris body lathe tool.

根据用普通车刀和棱体成形车刀车削加工圆锥体时将产生双曲线误差的结果，通过计算得出产生双曲线误差的主要因素及使其误差最小时所要注意的事项

The accuracy of beta and phase thus calculated is limited by the accuracy of response matrix measurement and calibration of BPM and correctors.

计算结果的精度主要受响应矩阵测量误差、BPM测量误差和校正铁电源刻度误差影响。

According to the information of relative orientation from the airplane to airborne anti-submarine buoy, the mathematical model, adopting extended Kalman filtering technique, and simulation algorithm for calculating the buoy position are established in this paper. In respects of the relative position error and RMS error, the simulation results show the error performance of this system.

根据航空搜潜声纳浮标与飞机的相对方位信息，采用扩展卡尔曼滤波技术，分析了计算浮标位置的原理、方法，建立了相应的系统模型和仿真算法，从估计的相对位置误差和均方根误差两个方面，仿真分析了系统的误差性能。

Based on the modeling theory of the equivalent probability density error model(marked as "Tepdem") and the numerical algorithm,this paper provides an approach on how to ascertain a point location with the highest coordinates precision between both of the adjacent characteristic points on a generic curve accurately by use of the theory of function extremum as well as the iterative algorithm,and it also provides the method on how to obtain the least width of "Tepdem" exactly,from which,the explanation of geom...

基于等概率密度误差模型建模原理和数值算法，运用函数极值理论和迭代方法来求解平面一般曲线上两相邻特征点间位置精度最高的点，以精确确定误差模型的最小带宽，从理论上给出等概率密度误差模型的几何特征，从而进一步完善矢量GIS的位置不确定性理论。通过实例计算与可视化分析，验证了理论推导的正确性。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。