计算的结果

II By calculating the unit exergy cost of the combined thermal power generation system using matrix model, validating the conclusion that the unit exergy cost of the whole system goes up gradually, and confirming the conclusion about the integration density influence on the systemic calculating results, it can be found that the unit exergy cost of the whole system goes up gradually because exergy loss increases with the exergy used to create exergy flux with the going-on of the process.

由此可以推知系统的集成度越低，子系统划分的越细，计算得到的结果越准确。（3）会计模式和矩阵模式方法在应用时有各自不同的侧重点和适用范围，矩阵模式方法在用于确定系统的划分即集成度的影响时有很大的作用，系统的划分明确对于整个计算至关重要；而会计模式方法在涉及到非能量费用的计算时有比较明确的思路和方法。

Therefore, the voltage/reactive power constrain is considered in the reliability evaluation. The sensitivity algorithm is applied in the adjustment of the reactive power and voltage. The contrariety of the computational effort and accuracy is solved well.

IEEE-RTS 24节点算例结果验证了本文所提出的MCMC方法应用在电力系统可靠性评估中的正确性，相比于传统的蒙特卡洛方法，MCMC方法可以显著提高计算指标的收敛速度，节省计算时间，提高计算的稳定性，并显示出在大型电力系统可靠性评估中具有很大的优越性。

In addition, some modifications on several computational methods are also presented. Using LMTO method the electronic structure of several systems are studied, and some results are obtained. They are: The ideal Nb (100) surface has three surface states, the multi-layer relaxed surface has two surface states. The surface energy of the ideal surface is higher than that of the relaxed surface, that means that the multi-layer relaxed surface is more stable than the former one, which supports the LEED results. The mono-layer relaxed Ag (111) surface is the most stable one among several" stable surface models"presented by several researchers. The surface energy of Ag (111) surface is higher than that of surface Ag (001), which supports some experimental results such as different reaction rate at different surface orientations for the same material. The surafce states of Si (111) surface not only locate near the Fermi level, but also in the valence band, which agrees well with Cohen's conclusion. Si (111)-H is an effective model for analysing the surface states and H adsorbed on the back surface is a good method for improving the convincingness of the results obtained on thinner slab models. The surface stability depends on three different kinds of MoSi〓(001) surfaces, the surface with mono-layer Si is the most stable one, and the surface with Mo at the first layer is the most unstable one among them. These are consistant with the Kemoda's experimental results. The valence bands of clean or K adsorbed CdTe (111) surface agrees well with the synchrotron radiation studies. The surface of CdTe (111) consists of four kinds of surface models which show different surface electronic structures and different surface structure stabilities. The conclusion agrees well with Wu's experimental work. The different absorbed alkali metals on the CdTe (111) surface give different adsorption characteristics which have relations not only with the valence electrons, but also with the core ones of the alkali metals. The electonic structures of Si-C alloys are different from that of Si-Ge alloys, and the energy band gaps of Si-C alloys do not increase linearly with Carbon concentration, our conclusion supports Alexander's results, but conflicts with Soref's one.

现分述如下： LMTO方法及其应用方面：1）通过对Nb（100）表面电子态分析发现清洁理想表面有三个表面态，多层弛豫表面有两个表面态；表面能大小说明多层弛豫表面更稳定，支持了LEED结果。2）通过对采用不同方法获得的几种不同Ag（111）表面稳定结构的表面能计算分析，给出了单层弛豫表面为Ag（111）表面的最稳定结构；从Ag（111）单层弛豫表面和Ag（001）表面的表面能比较，发现了Ag（001）表面表面能要比Ag（111）小的，表明了同种物质不同表面取向将表现出不同物理、化学性质，这是与实验中得出的结论是吻合的，3）通过对Si（111）表面态分析，不仅发现了Si（111）表面不仅具有居于费米能级附近的悬挂键所对应的表面态，而且还有很多表面态位于价带能量范围内，与Cohen等结果一致，H饱和slab模型背表面相当于增加了slab层的厚度，是一有效的变相增加slab层厚的方法，弛豫表面较清洁理想表面价带谱们低能端的少许移动，预示着总能降低，说明弛豫表面较清洁理想表面稳定。4）MoSi〓具有三种表面，从费米能级上态密度值大小得到单层Si表面最稳定，Mo原子为表层原子的表面最不稳定，双层Si原子表面居中的结论，这与Kemoda等人实验结果是一致的。5）通过对CdTe（111）表面表面电子态、表面结构稳定性及表面H、碱金属吸附的电子结构系列研究，不仅得出了CdTe（111）清洁及碱金属K吸附价带谱与同步辐射光电子谱相吻合的结果，而且发现了CdTe（111）表面具有四类不同原子近邻特征，表现出四类不同的表面结构及电子结构特征：不同表面态分布、不同的表面结构稳定性（表层原子与次层原子成三键有一悬挂键的表面要比表层原子与次层原子成一键有三悬挂键稳定（与Wu等人实验结果一致））、不同的H吸附特性。

In the fifth part, the finite element method with sliding cable element was adopted to the prestress producing of the cable dome as well, and the computer methods and steps of the initial stiffness were established. The relevant program was worked out and was used in one example.

将本文提出的滑移单元有限元方法应用于索穹顶结构的预应力生成，并建立了初始刚度生成计算模式和步骤，编制了相应的计算程序，进行了实例计算，结果表明，本文提出的滑移单元有限元理论用于索穹顶结构的预应力生成是合理可行的，其精度已足以满足实际工程要求。

This paper discussed the coordinate transformation method of WGS84 coordinate system to 1954-BeiJing Gauss grid coordinate. Introduced transformation model of WGS84 to Beijing 54 and computing method of transformation parameter. According to different model and computing method, computed and compared with the result combine real data. Think that adopt base-line vector quantity ask four parameters model have higher transformation precision.

本文详细讨论了WGS84大地坐标转换到北京54坐标系下的高斯平面坐标的方法，重点介绍了WGS84和北京54的空间直角坐标的转换模型及转换参数的计算方法，并根据不同的模型和计算方法结合实际数据进行计算和结果的比较，认为采用基线向量求解的四参数模型具有较高的转换精度，分区变换和提高控制点精度也能提高转换的精度。

To calculate the aerodynamic forces on the vehicle and grid-fins, we use time-dependent method to solve the Navier-Stokes equation of ideal gas, and flux conservational multizones method to divide the complex vehicle and grid-fins into eight computational zones which are relatively independent, and correlative with each other at once with satisfactory results.

为了计算作用在飞行器和栅格翼上的气动力，采用时间相关法数值求解完全气体的三维Navier－Stokes方程，并运用通量守恒的分区计算方法，将复杂的飞行器和栅格翼系统分解成八个既相对独立，又相互关联的计算区域，得到了满意的结果。

Finally, apply the model to the wave calculation of a project area in northern Jiangsu Province. The results indicate the favorable inosculation with theoretical and practical values. The distribution of wave field is reasonable and basically unanimous with the results of adopting other models on wave calculation, which has proved the correctness of this model in theory and the practicability on engineering.

最后将模型应用于苏北某地的工程区域的波浪计算，计算得到的波浪场分布合理，波浪要素数值上与采用其他波浪模型所得的结果基本一致，说明了本文所建立的模型和计算方法在理论上是正确的，在工程上实用。

The linear extrapolation technique was the most practical and suitable method because of its relative high correlation with a wide range of chlorophyll content, relative simple algorithm, relative high sensitivity to chlorophyll at high or low content and application to more wider bandwidth spectra.

四点线性内插法计算的红边位置往往偏大，最大一阶导数法与叶绿素含量的关系存在着明显的不连续性，拉格朗日内插法、倒高斯模型法在一定程度上存在着对高叶绿素含量的饱和现象，多项式拟合法对拟合波段区间、最高项次及光谱分辨率等比较灵敏而导致结果不够稳定，而线性外推法计算出的红边位置对叶绿素含量最为敏感，预测的准确度最高，且计算相对比较简单，并能适用于较宽波段的遥感数据。

On the basis of HPLC analytical results, a reaction mechanism between chlorine dioxide and phenol had been proposed. The rate control step in the process of reaction was studied by using ab initio method. Opmital geometry of every species in reaction was caculated by the available gratient optimum software. The result of harmonic vibrational frequencies indicated that phenolate radical was a stable intermediale product.

根据对ClO〓氧化苯酚后的高压液相色谱图，提出了ClO〓与苯酚氧化反应的机理，并对反应机理中的速度控制步骤进行量子化学理论剖析，利用梯度优化软件计算了参加反应物种的平衡几何构型，振动频率分析的结果表明：酚氧自由基是稳定的反应中间体，利用ab initio计算软件计算了参加反应物种的总能量，酚盐负离子中的氧原子电荷密度，布居数和前线轨道。

Based on the principle of variation of earth pressures on the culverts under different conditions, including topography, span of culvert, density of fill and the type of structure, and the property of arching action above the culvert, a nonlinear earth pressure theory for culverts beneath high fill is presented, the theory suggests the earth pressure on the culverts beneath high fill can be calculated with the formula σ=ξγH〓 as the fill up to higher height.

把这种方法与其它地下洞室的土压力计算理论进行的对比分析结果表明，非线性土压力理论考虑了填土达到一定高度时在涵洞上方产生的拱效应以及土拱的不稳定性特点，其计算的土压力明显低于不考虑拱效应的低填方涵洞土压力计算值，但高于具有稳定土拱效应的地下洞室土压力理论得到的土压力。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。