计算机系统

The title and bill of material in engineering drawings are important data source for product data integrated management. In order to reuse the CAD data, the paper presents an effective method for extracting part information from existing engineering drawings. Through analyzing the format of title and bill of material, several shape-position characteristics of tables are summed up from the view of macro-layout and microstructure. A new method to automatically extracting drawing information based on cell-grid and feature-point is proposed along with its algorithm principle and implementation steps. A software package based on the method mentioned above is developed and used in practice.

1引言工程图是工程设计的主要成果和制造加工的主要依据，CAD软件的广泛应用使得传统上对于纸质图纸的管理模式转变为对大量电子文件的管理模式·由于文件系统在实际应用中不能适应复杂大规模的管理模式，已经出现了各种各样的图档管理系统[1]·工程图中包含的零件信息在表现形式上体现纸格式的标准化为批量提取数据提供了可能性·作为计算机处理的对象，图纸信息自动识别成为数据管理和系统集成的一项关键技术·当前CAD管理系统所处理的数据对象比较复杂，面临由不同企业使用不同的绘图软件生成的图纸，其中的标题栏和明细栏或者由软件自动生

A method of synthetical remote testing which includes pre-running design, mid-running monitoring, post-running analysis via Visual C++,Labwindows /CVI and Matlab is introduced, aiming at overcoming complexity of testing in large scale system, troublesomeness and repetition of analysis in testing data, user's request for remote automatic testing.

0引言计算机测试系统以其快速高效的数据传输和智能化控制系统应用于许多工程领域，但随着被测系统的规模越来越大，被测项目越来越复杂，测试指标的综合性越来越强，独立的软件应用已经不能适应现代自动测试系统的结构平台化，开放化[1]，数据传输的网络化和故障远程诊断的发展。

Is coaxial actuates a alternator based on Simens PLC and its the network direct current velocity modulation system by a direct current motor, the direct current motor to actuate with the direct current velometer and to be loaded with revolves the encoder examination rotational speed; The generator electricity generation voltage after the numeral demonstrated the table demonstrated and delivers to the PLC simulation quantity load module.

在工业控制过程中，继电接触器控制系统因其没有运算、处理、通讯等功能，而不能完成复杂的控制方式，20世纪60年代PLC控制系统应运而生，它综合了计算机技术、自动控制技术和通信技术等现代科技，是当今工业自动控制的标准设备之一；70年代以后，又相继出现了集散控制系统DCS、现场总线控制系统FCS，现在以及今后很长一段时间内会是三种控制方式并存的局面，在这一背景下该文分析PLC控制的现状及发展前景。

Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows:①reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept "sustainable development", stated and commented the study status in queue on"sustainable development"around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept "sustainable development";②looked back and commented across-the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings;③expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory;④thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the MATLAB software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the B-J method and Morte-Carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources;⑤synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming, mathematical statistics, random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality;⑥analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows: correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows: the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water-saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology;⑦scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy;⑧point out the more directions on groundwater resources.

它将为制定水资源的可持续发展目标和战略决策提供科学依据，为制定社会、经济可持续发展战略提供理论基础。基于以上考虑，论文主要从以下几方面对地下水资源可持续开发问题进行了比较深入的探讨：①全面回顾了&可持续发展&概念的由来与演变，对国内外&可持续发展&的研究现状进行了述评，并对&可持续发展&概念的科学内涵进行了深入探讨；②对涉及地下水资源的一些最基本的概念和命题进行了全面的回顾和评述，对目前仍然存在的一些错误观点和混乱认识提出了自己的见解；③全面阐述了地下水资源变值系统理论的内容和意义，并与传统的地下水资源计算评价方法进行了对比分析，结合实例具体说明了方法的应用；④深入分析了地下水资源预测预报工作的极端重要性和复杂性，对传统的地下水资源动态预测方法进行了全面的评述，指出了各类预测预报方法的特点及适用条件，对最近二十多年刚发展起来的小波分析技术的主要思想和方法及其应用范围，以及号称第五代计算机语言的MATLAB软件和附带的小波分析工具箱进行了介绍，并应用于地下水动态过程线的分析，采用时间序列中的B-J法，蒙特卡罗方法，与地下水资源变值系统理论相结合，探讨了地下水动态资料分析和地下水资源预测预报的新思路；⑤综合分析了现今各类地下水管理模型的特点及缺陷，将数学规划、数理统计、随机过程等与地下水变值系统理论相结合进行地表水地下水或多水源的联合优化调度，使模型更准确、更实用；⑥对保证地下水资源可持续开发的内部条件和外部条件进行了分析，内部条件主要是正确的资源观，科学的资源计算与评价方法，可靠的资源预测预报技术，可操作的资源管理措施，外部条件主要是高层发展思路、管理体制的变革、配套的政策法规、经济杠杆的调节、人文素质的提高、节水意识的增强及具体节水措施、人口增长的控制、水体污染的防治、生态的恢复和重建等；⑦从宇宙科学、地球系统科学及哲学的高度审视地下水资源的可持续开发；⑧指出了地下水资源可持续开发的进一步研究方向。

In this mechanism,the system detection is triggered by correlative events,the information of node states is collected timely and distributedly,and the system reconfiguration is executed automatically and parallelly at each node by the way of regeneration and transfer of data.

为了设计高可用的分布式并行数据库系统，计算机工作者除了从系统结构去探索外，更注重系统内部机制的研究与实现，系统重构就是内部机制实现的关键技术之一。

Modern systems consist of one or more computer-controlled metering pumps that can be programmed to vary the ratio of mobile phase components, as is required for gradient chromatography, or to mix isocratic mobile phases (i.e., mobile phases having a fixed ratio of solvents).

泵系统—HPLC 泵系统通过高压管路和设备将储液系统的流动相按设定的流量精确地输送通过柱子，最新的泵系统由一台或更多的计算机测量控制泵使得流动相组分能够按照程序变化改变比例，如有必要，可以进行梯度洗脱或混合均匀的流动相（i.e。，流动相可以是混合比例的溶液），然而，当操作压力达到或高于5000 psi，流速达到10ml/min的典型值时，预混合均匀的流动相各成分的比例就比泵控制的更精确。

Pumping Systems—HPLC pumping systems deliver metered amounts of mobile phase from the solvent reservoirs to the column through high-pressure tubing and fittings. Modern systems consist of one or more computer-controlled metering pumps that can be programmed to vary the ratio of mobile phase components, as is required for gradient chromatography, or to mix isocratic mobile phases (i.e., mobile phases having a fixed ratio of solvents). However, the proportion of ingredients in premixed isocratic mobile phases can be more accurately controlled than in those delivered by most pumping systems. Operating pressures up to 5000 psi or higher, with delivery rates up to about 10 mL per minute are typical.

泵系统—HPLC 泵系统通过高压管路和设备将储液系统的流动相按设定的流量精确地输送通过柱子，最新的泵系统由一台或更多的计算机测量控制泵使得流动相组分能够按照程序变化改变比例，如有必要，可以进行梯度洗脱或混合均匀的流动相（i.e。，流动相可以是混合比例的溶液），然而，当操作压力达到或高于5000 psi，流速达到10ml/min的典型值时，预混合均匀的流动相各成分的比例就比泵控制的更精确。

And human resources information's management is many factories and mines, the company, an individual Institution's major problem, if depends on the human, the work load will be very big, if the company population has tens of thousands are even more, the artificial statistics will become cannot imagine, but if depends on the computer, only some simple operations then may prompt, obtain the information which accurately needs, therefore develops a human resources information management system management system is also essential, the human resources information management system management system mainly includes to the human affairs information statistics, the inquiry, the renewal and so on, this paper has manifested the database application system's characteristic, enables the system to have the security, data sharing, the transposability.

其中人才信息的管理是很多厂矿、公司、个体事业单位的一个大问题，如果靠人，工作量将很大，若公司人数有几万甚至更多，人工统计将变得不可想象，但如果靠计算机，仅一些简单的操作便可及时、准确地获得需要的信息，因此开发一个人才信息管理系统也是必不可少的，人才信息管理系统主要包括对人事信息的统计、查询、更新等，该论文体现了数据库应用系统的特征，使系统更具有安全性、数据共享性、可移置性。

In order to improve the inspection technologies of satellite interference, 5 kinds of technologies of satellite interference and integrated judgement-spectrum analysis, helix inspection, PID, S/N and signal vector were put forward. The automatic inspection system of interference of satellite TV has been built according to these inspected technologies and technology of network. The system adopts comparison of spectrum template, calibration of beaconing, mode identification, telemetering pick-up technology and improve the inspection technology of satellite interference. The alarm limits haw been defined through a lot of emulational tests, so that the system become feasible. The system has a good effect and makes up the blank of inspection technologies of interference in our country to some extent.

为了提高卫星干扰监测水平，提出了频谱监测、螺流监测、PID监测、S/N监测和信号矢量图监测等五种监测技术和干扰综合判断方法：根据这些技术手段和方法，并利用计算机网络技术，建立了卫星电视干扰信号自动监测系统；该系统利用网络化设计，采用频谱模板比对，卫星信标电平校准、信号模式识别、卫星遥测信号提取等技术，提高了卫星干扰监测的准确度和自动化程度；通过大最的仿真测试，设定告警门限，使系统的漏警率和误警率达到实用要求；该系统应用于干扰监测工作中，起到了很好的效果；在一定程度上弥补了国内通信干扰监测的空白。

The Design of Network File System According to the Virtual Address wants to realize the Net of conjoining, and on this basis, to realize the data delivers and network file operation of relevant system. The main contents includes to realize the conjoining of two computers; The data construction of the definition network file system; Realize the operation that have something to do with network file system and design the access calculate way of the file of virtual address.

基于虚地址的网络文件系统的设计是要实现联网，并在此基础上实现数据传输及与网络文件系统有关的操作，其主要内容包括实现两台计算机的互联；定义网络文件系统的数据结构；实现与网络文件系统有关的操作和设计虚地址文件的存取算法四个方面。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。