计算机系统

The main research work of this paper are focused on following areas:(1) Based on review of the theory and methods on measurements of particle fields, a new idea for obtaining particle size and velocity distribution within a spray through imaging the particle field with a laser light sheet was put forward;(2) A DPIV (Digital Particle Image Velocimetry) system, is fit for velocity measurements of low speed flows, was developed and expended to particle size distribution measurement;(3) An arithmetic for particle velocity field reconstruction was developed, and the velocity distribution of water mist was also obtained;(4) A software system for particle analysis, which based on image geometry emend, de-noise and image partition was developed, the parameters such as particle size distribution, mean diameter, number of particles, minimum and maximum diameter can be got with this system;(5) A water mist system was developed and its characteristics, such as droplet velocity, size distribution, number of droplets and spray cone angle under different conditions were obtained from experiments with PIVS;(6) The measurement results of water mist characteristics with PIVS were compared and analyzed with the simply simulated results, and in addition, in order to verify the accuracy of PIVS, some experiments were conducted with the standard particles, such as glass-ball with known mean diameter of 50μm and 115μm, metallic coated tracing particle with mean diameter of 12μm;(7) Some experimental studies on interaction of water mist with liquid pool fires were conducted.

本论文的主要工作包括以下几个方面：（1）在对粒子场测量的相关理论和具体方法进行综述分析的基础上，提出了通过采用激光片光对粒子场进行成像以获取其粒径和速度等参数分布的新思路；（2）研制了适宜于低速流动速度场测量的DPIV(Digital Particle Image Velocimetry)系统，并使其实现了对粒子场粒径分布的测量功能；（3）研制了基于粒子运动轨迹的速度场重建算法，获取了细水雾雾场的速度分布；（4）研制了基于几何校正、去噪、图象分割等图象处理方法的"粒度分析软件系统"，该系统既可分析给出粒子场的粒径分布直方图和平均粒径，还可给出粒子的数目以及最大、最小粒径等信息；（5）建立了一细水雾发生系统，并应用上述方法对不同压力条件下细水雾系统的雾场特性（如速度分布、雾滴粒径分布、雾滴的数目、喷雾张角以及雾化长度等）进行了实验测量研究；（6）对细水雾特性参数的PIVS测量结果与计算机简单模拟计算结果进行了定性比较分析，并利用平均粒径为50μm和115μm的玻璃球以及12μm的标准示踪粒子对PIVS系统的粒径和速度测量结果进行了实验验证，同时对其局限性进行了分析讨论；（7）对不同工况条件下细水雾与油池火相互作用的过程进行了模拟实验研究。

By the help of numerical analysis and graphic recognition, Duffing-van der Pol non-linear vibration system with 9 parameters has been researched, the Graphic User Interface contains initial conditions, 9 parameters, power spectrums, trochoid chart of phase portraits, Poincaré mapping, analogous dynamic graph of displacements and the analogous vibration graph of mass blocks, the various dynamic characteristics of the non-linear vibration can be attained, which makes it possible to fully implement the visualized computer experiments and study of Duffing-van der Pol non-linear vibration system.

因为混沌运动十分复杂，在研究和模拟混沌运动的过程中，不但要进行大量的数值计算，而且要将计算结果直观地展示出来以便观察混沌现象，完成这一任务非计算机不可。自从洛伦茨利用计算机发现了第一个混沌吸引子以后，30多年来正是有赖于计算机技术的发展，促使混沌的研究取得迅速的发展。另一方面，混沌运动是确定性系统中出现的一种貌似随机的现象，走向混沌有其独特的过程，只有展示出它的演化过程，才能很好地了解混沌运动。也就是说，混沌是一门关于过程、演化的科学而不是一门关于状态、存在的科学。因此，只有利用计算机才能将混沌的动态过程和演化的方式真正地体现出来。

Hacking , our electronic-age term for computer break-in , is more and more in the news — brainy kids vandalizing university records , even pranking about in supposedly safeguarded systems . To those who understand how computer networks are increasingly regulating life in the late 20th century, these are not laughing matters .

黑客，计算机闯入者在我们的电子时代的特称，越来越多地出现在报纸上——计算机神童破坏大学里的记录，对认为已经加了保险的系统搞恶作剧，对于那些懂得计算机网络在20世纪末对生活起着越来越大的规范作用的人们来说，这并不是什么可笑的事情。

SPWM full-bridge inverter and isolating transformer output makes UPS own superstrong load shock capacity as well as computers,network,military communication system,satellite communication system,high-grade medical equipment,precision instruments and equipment,monitor protection system,statellite communication system,fire fighting illumination system,financial securities network,broadcasting station sending and receiving system as well as jinformation transmission system.

适用于：计算机及网络系统、军用通讯系统、卫星通信系统、高级医疗设备、精密仪器设备、监控保安系统、消防照明系统、金融证券网络、电台发射及接收系统、信息传输系统等领域。

This paper introduces the concepts of CSCW, describes the present state and discusses the problems to be solved, primarily focusing on human computer interaction, concurrency control and collaboration management. According to the research on cooperative characteristics of user actions in CSCW systems, this paper proposes a software architecture model of cooperative systems, Arbor. Its main contents include: Layered structure The Arbor model divides a cooperative system into five layers according to functional decomposition: device layer, concept layer, intention layer, cooperation layer, and computation layer. It deifies user actions and reifies the results of the actions to implement multi-level collaboration among multiple users. Multi-level collaboration obtains finegrained collaboration of the cooperative system and improves its collaboration efficiency.

本文首先介绍了计算机辅助协同工作的基本概念，着重从人机接口，并发控制和协同管理等功能方面介绍了协同系统的现状及其软件结构存在的问题，然后，基于对协同系统中用户动作的协同需求和协同特性的研究，针对目前协同软件系统存在的问题，提出了一种协同系统软件结构模型Arbor，它的主要内容包括：层次结构 Arbor模型从功能上将协同软件系统分为五层：设备层、概念层、意图层、协同层和计算层，它通过对用户动作的多层抽象和对动作结果的多层例化，实现多用户之间的多层次协同及感知，层次结构增强了系统的灵活性和适应性，方便了系统的开发，同时，多层次协同的方法获得了细粒度的协同感知，提高了协同效率。

In the article,the existing problems of traditional AI wnich is based on digital computer are analysed,and deigning and realization Of neurocomputerare discussed.

人工智能的迅速发展对计算机的性能和结构提出了新的要求，本文论述了：（1）建立在冯氏计算机基础上的传统的AI存在问题；（2）神经计算机的设计思想与工程实现；（3）传统的AI与NC的结合将是新一代智能信息处理系统发展的必由之

The work has been emulated and analyzed by computers, and a computer network fault diagnosis system has been excogitated.

在BP神经网络算法上对LM算法进行改进，对在LM算法中的大型矩阵求逆时使用并行算法求解线性方程组的方式加以改进，并使用计算机网络故障诊断作为实际算例进行计算机仿真和分析，开发了一套计算机网络诊断系统，以期能对理论研究和应用工作提供参考和帮助。

By means of analyzing the recent technical level of domestic turbine governor researching manufacturers, this paper summarizes from following aspects: the governor's system structure modes, the microcomputer adjustors composed of industry control computers, dual-redundant computer issue, friendly man-machine interfaces with plenty contents, the governor's computer analog test functions, hydraulic components adopted the industry standard such as a proportional servo valve or an electrohydraulic converter composed of a servo motor, the setup of mechanical feedback and mechanical opening limited mechanism, the governor's generally raised oil pressure grade.

通过分析国内水轮机调速器研制生产厂家的最新调速器技术水平，从调速器的系统结构模式、以工业控制计算机构成的微机调节器、计算机双机冗余问题、友善且内容丰实的人机界面、调速器的计算机仿真测试功能、采用工业标准液压件如比例伺服阀或伺服电机构成的电液转换部件、机械反馈和机械开度限制机构的设置、普遍提高的调速器油压等级等方面进行了总结。

Minicomputers are smaller and more compact systems, and fewer operators can use them compared with a mainframe computer.

小型计算机是比较小、结合紧密的系统。与大型计算机相比较，只有少数人员可以使用小型计算机。

From 1995 to 1999, he was an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ.

从1999年开始，在依利诺斯大学芝加哥分校电机与计算机工程系工作，先后任该校助教授、终身职副教授、电机与计算机工程系和计算机科学系的终身职正教授。2005年，因在非线性动态系统和递归神经网络方面作出的贡献被选为IEEE Fellow.2008年，入选中国科学院&百人计划&在自动化研究所任研究员。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。