计算时间

According to Lemaitre's damage evolution law and the assumption of this paper that the cyclic loading maximum tensile stress has the most contribution to the cyclic damage and assume that the stress is the maximum stress .The material parameters S which are expressed in exponential form and generalize the variation in the process of cyclic loading is exponential experience equation which provide the expectation of cyclic damage of 63Sn/37Pb material and lead it into the calculation of damaged incremental form and assume that damage keeps constant during the same cycle. The results match the experimental data. It proves that the Endochronic plasticity theorem adopt the calculation of damage environment.

根据Lemaitre损伤演化律及本文假设循环负载下拉应力在最大值附近对循环损伤的贡献最大，文中应力对各循环之损伤而言假设应力为最大拉应力，将材料参数S以指数型式表示，归纳出疲劳损伤在循环负载过程中的变化为指数型经验式，提供63Sn/37Pb材料在循环负载作用时损伤情况的预测，并引入含损伤增量式内涵时间之计算中，假设同一循环的损伤为定值，其计算结果与实验数据吻合，说明内涵时间塑性理论亦适用於损伤环境下的计算。

Time evaluation manages all kinds of time accounts, such as the flextime balance, overtime accounts, or lifetime working time accounts. Simulations enable you to valuate future work and leave entitlements.

时间考核管理各种时间计算，例如弹性上班制结算，加班计算，或终身工作计算，模拟允许你评估将来工作和请假的权利。

This paper analyze and study the influence of the superimposition in depth based on the previous achievements and combined with the theoretical qualitative analysis and project instances. The main contents as follow:Chapter 1: Indicate the significance and objective of this paper, review the previous achievements of the transient process and superimposition, and then present the study purpose of this paper.Chapter 2: combined with the physic knowledge of the fluctuation and the superimposition, Indicate the physical essences and the influence of the superimposition phenomena that exist in the diversion pipe system, and take one hydraulic turbine owning only one diversion tunnel and two hydraulic turbines sharing one tailrace conduit for instance to study out the numerical calculation superimpose operations.Chapter 3: From the calculation theory of the parameter of the guaranty calculation of regulation of the hydro-turbine, qualitative analyze the influence of the superimposition on them and the superpose time, combined with some project instances, get the numerical value of the influence of the superimposition and the superpose time.Chapter 4: Based on the previous achievements of the calculation and theoretical analysis of the surge-chamber ground swell, analyze the influence of the superimposition on it and the superpose time.

本文在前人研究成果的基础上，结合理论定性分析及工程实例，对波动叠加带来的影响进行深入分析研究，其主要内容如下：第1章，指出本文研究的意义和目的，回顾前人对水电站过渡过程及波动叠加方面的有关研究成果，在此基础上提出本文的研究内容；第2章，结合物理学中有关振动与波动叠加方面的有关知识，阐述水电站引水发电系统中存在的波动现象的实质及其影响，并以两机一洞和一机一洞具有上游调压室或下游调压室的水电站拟定其数值计算叠加工况；第3章，从机组调保参数的理论出发，定性的分析波动叠加对机组调保参数的不利影响及叠加时间，结合几个工程实例，得到波动叠加带来的影响大小及叠加时间；第4章，在前人对调压室涌浪进行计算和理论分析的基础上，分析波动叠加对调压室涌浪的影响及其叠加时间。

R. t routing changes is also studied, a transformation method for the calculation of sensitivity of sojourn time w. r. t routing changes is presented. The problem of calculating the performance sensitivity w. r. t buffer siaes in general queueing networks is also solved by using finite event time perturbation analysis.

对计算性能指标对路径概率灵敏性的转换法也进行了研究，提出了一种计算逗留时间对路径概率灵敏性的转换法，本文还应用事件时间摄动的有限摄动分析解决了一般排队网络的性能指标对缓冲器容量灵敏性的计算问题。

In order to analyze and correct this effect, the method to calculate turn-off time is given. According to theoretical TEM response of multiturn loop source, TEM response affected by linear and half-sine turn-off current was calculated, and Taylor's series expansion was used by calculating TEM response of half-sine turn-off current. The two mode's responses, linear mode's response and half-sine mode's response, were analyzed in turn-off time 2μs-100μs.

为了分析和校正这种影响，文中给出了关断时间的计算方法，根据多匝回线源产生的瞬变场理论解析式，计算了线性和半正弦关断电流影响下瞬变场表达式，计算半正弦关断电流产生的瞬变场时将正弦函数进行泰勒展开；分析了关断时间在2 μs~100 μs之间两种关断模式产生的瞬变响应。

By using Critical Path Method of network planning technique as the tool,this paper studied the properties of float.Based on the above properties,the super-large type project network is simplified as an equivalent simple network,making the incomputable and complex problem a computable and easy one.What is particular is that the work load of computation of the simplified network is largely reduced whatever agrithorm is used.

本论文用关键路线法(Critical Path Method，简称为CPM)网络计划技术作为工具，在机动时间特性研究的基础上，把超大型工序网络化简为等效的简单网络，从而使不可计算的问题转化为可计算的问题，使很复杂的问题转化为比较简单的问题，尤其是利用化简后的网络求解时间-费用权衡问题，无论使用任何一种算法其计算量都会大大减小。

According to the air trajectory of every rocket-assisted torpedo part, we establish an equation group of air vertical motion, improve the in-air trajectory model, and simulatively calculate the polynomials of firing distance and flight time,and firing distance and shut down time. Making use of the polynomials, we calculate the cooperative time of formation salvo of torpedoes, and determine command ways for different situations. The result may facilitate the research of operational application of rocket-assisted torpedo.

根据火箭助飞鱼雷空中运动各部分的特点，建立了其空中纵向运动方程组，完善了空中弹道模型，仿真计算了射程-飞行时间和射程-关机时间关系多项式，利用关系式计算了编队齐射火箭助飞鱼雷的协同时间，确定了不同态势下的指挥方式，为深入研究火箭助飞鱼雷编队作战使用问题提供了重要的参考数据和理论依据。

According to different types of abnormal pressure,computation model for quantitative control on the abnormal pressure was set up to meet the needs of efficient and safe drilling in oil-gas fields.Some important parameters were calculated that include reasonable shut-in time,maximum flowing yield and the best flowing time of the injection wells,and reasonable bottom hole flowing pressure,extra oil production and stimulation moment of the production wells.The quantitative computational methods of them were derived.Three methods were applied to one undrilled adjustment well T1 in certain oil-gas field achieving quantitative control to the abnormal pressure in the adjustment well.

考虑到油气田高效、安全钻井的需要，依据不同的压力异常类型，建立了定量控制异常压力的计算模型，确定了注水井合理关井停注时间、最大放溢量和最佳放溢时机以及生产井合理井底流压、增产量和增产时机等参数，给出了计算公式，推导出了注水井最佳关井停注时间、注水井最佳放溢量和生产井合理的增产量的定量计算方法，并通过某油气田的一口待钻调整井(T1井)对3种方法进行了验证，实现了对调整井异常高压的定量控制。

The above problems are studied in this thesis. First, the implicit NND scheme with mix flux splitting method proposed by Zhang Hanxin that is first order accurate in time and second order in space is modified. The modified scheme keeps the characteristics of fast convergence and is second order accurate both in time and space. It can be capable of simulating the unsteacly flow. Second, the topological method founded by Zhang Hanxin is improved to study the characteristics of vortex near the singular point on its axis and the cross streamlines on the longitudinal section passing the vortex axis. On the basis of topological results, a program which visualises numerical results is made out. It can help us analyse the characteristics of vortex motion.

本文对上述问题做了研究：第一，在数值模拟方面，借助于张涵信提出的NND算法和混合通量法，我们将他建立的时间为一阶、空间为二阶精度的快速隐式算法推广为时间和空间均为二阶精度的算法，这样做保留了原格式收敛快的特点，而且能适用于真实的非定常流态的计算；第二，将张涵信的拓扑分析方法加以推广，研究了涡轴附近及破裂点邻域内流场的空间特征，并以这些拓扑分析结果为指导，研制了一套显示计算结果的软件，这一软件能很好地帮助我们分析流场的计算结果和旋涡演变的特征。

Compared the calculated curve and the real assay curve we can make a conclusion that: this method can calculate the melting time of the fuse at the huge short current (more than 50 times of the current rating) with the error less than 5%; the resistor and time characteristic can also be acquired, it provided the date for overvoltage calculation of the fuse model. The research of the overvoltage during fusing process is based on short circuit test of the fuse.

由计算结果与实际试验曲线对比可得：该种方法能够比较准确地计算出较大短路电流下(熔断器额定电流的50倍以上)熔断器的弧前时间，误差一般在5%以内；同时还可以算得熔断器在弧前的电阻时间特性，为开断过电压仿真计算电路中的熔断器模型提供数据。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷