计算单元

This technique is an improved and generalized version of the finite array Green's function method[1], and fit for analyzing all kinds of arrays including finite periodic and aperiodic arrays.

该法不受阵列单元排布形式、单元电流分布情况和单元数量的限制，对有限周期和非周期阵列的分析都有着较高的计算效率和稳定的收敛性。

A processor is composed of two functional units—a control unit and an arithmetic/logic unit—and a set of special workspaces called registers.

一个处理器由两个功能单元----控制单元和计算或逻辑单元，以及一个叫做寄存器的特殊工作空间组成。

The size of the equivalent stiffness matrix of the outer-domain is only related to the number of the crunode in the interface between inner-and outer-domain,so the final stiffness matrix has a very small size.The numerical results agree well with the analytical solutions and the present method is simple,quick and has a good convergence.

无限相似单元法是无限剖分与有限元方法的结合，它打破了有限元法的限制，把计算域剖分成无限个"有限"大的单元，同时采用一些数学方法，解决了求解无穷多个单元的问题[3—11]。

Adjacency search, double linked element list, random direction search, adjacency rotation, and heredity of geometrical quantities are applied to increase the efficiency of mesh generation. The relationship between the computing time and the number of generated elements is nearly linear and the time complexity is O(N^1.05), where N is the number of elements.

采用了邻接单元搜索、双向链表存储、随机方向搜索、邻接旋转、几何量继承等技术，使算法的计算时间与生成单元数近似呈线性关系，时间复杂度达到O(N^1.05)，N为生成单元数。

At present, although finite element methods is a kind of effective measures in analyzing metal plastically forming problems with friction, dynamic friction in the process of metal forming is substituted with static friction and constant frictional force as one of independent constraint conditions is transposed to equivalent node-load or FEM unit is divided into contact unit and inner unit in numerous studys and applications, so that it result in relative bad accuracy and awkward operation. These defects mostly attribute to the fact that FEM bases on the variational equality principles, however frictional constraint will actually result in variational inequality energy functional.

目前，应用于分析金属塑性成形的有限元法是一种有效的处理摩擦效应的定量计算方法，但是许多应用和研究是用常摩擦来代替金属塑性成形过程中的动态摩擦；把常摩擦力作为单独的约束条件移置到等效结点载荷上或把有限元单元划分成接触单元和内单元，这些将导致解的精度相对不高及实际操作不方便等一系列问题，产生这些不足的重要原因之一在于它的理论基础是变分等式原理。

Incurrent research, aiming at the rupture problem engendered in the shooting process of acertain 5.56mm automatic rifle, the strain and stress distributions on the cartridge caseunder the action of axial pull have been analyzed. Based on the theories of elastic-plasticmechanics and contact mechanics, a mathematic and physical model of the cartridge-caseand chamber system has been set up; and based on the platform of the general softwarepackage APDL of ANSYS for finite element analysis, a parameterized model of thecartridge-case and chamber system has also been established. The method for nonlinearFEA has been adopted to analyze the stress distribution on the entire cartridge-case andchamber system, and the method of contact element has been employed to investigate thecontact stress between the cartridge case and chamber, and then the influences of frictioncoefficient and locking space on the static and dynamic stress and strain response of thecartridge case and chamber to the action of power gas have also been discussed. On thebasis of a lot of numerical tests, a kind of element Plane13, which is concentrated incoupled computation of heat and construction, has been used finally to simulate thetransient response of the cartridge-case and chamber system to the power gas. Throughloading the temporary thermal characteristics of explosive gas in the procedure of emulate, the corresponding transient thermal stress distributed on the entire system under thecombined load of transient thermal stress and transient pressure has been obtained. Owingto these comprehensive considerations, the numerical results obtained in this paperrepresent the actual situations comparatively exactly.

本文针对某5.56mm自动步枪在工作中出现断壳的问题，分析了弹壳在轴向拉力作用下的应力应变；基于弹塑性力学及接触理论，建立了弹壳弹膛系统的数学、物理学模型，在通用有限元ANSYS软件的参数化建模工具APDL平台上，建立了弹壳弹膛系统的参数化模型；采用非线性有限元法计算了弹壳弹膛系统的整体应力，引入接触单元法分析弹壳和弹膛的接触压力，探讨了在不同的摩擦系数和不同的闭锁间隙对弹壳弹膛静、动态响应的影响；本文进行了大量的尝试，最后确定采用热、结构耦合单元Plane13，在计算中加载了火药气体的温度历程，成功的获得了弹壳弹膛系统在瞬态的热载荷和瞬态的压力载荷同时作用下弹壳弹膛系统的热应力数值解，考虑因素全面，比较真实的反映了弹壳弹膛系统在火药气体压力和热载荷下作用的情况。

Othendse, the discreet element method isalso a rather popplar method to deal with uncontinuous media, eSPeCially theso-called discreet medias that consists of rock blocks, granlars and so on.

将不连续面以节理单元模拟是目前有限元计算中最常用的一种方法，此外，离散单元法也是针对不连续介质的一种已相当成熟的计算方法。

For these reasons, aiming at the low temperature separate method of light hydrocarbon recovery, the simple and accurate SRK state equation has been used to calculate the components thermodynamic characters of natural gas. This paper simulates the units process of the light hydrocarbon recovey process such as flow mixer/spilliter, flash, pump, valve, compressor, expander, distillation and heat exchange etc., and give examples to contrast calculation for each unit process.

为此，针对轻烃回收低温分离法工艺，以简单、准确的SRK状态方程为热力学计算基础模型，对轻烃回收工艺中的流股混合器、流股分割器、等温闪蒸器、绝热闪蒸器、泵、节流阀、压缩机、膨胀机、精馏过程及换热器等单元过程进行了模拟，并对各单元过程进行了实例对比计算。

The proper hydrology model on the gird cell plays an vital role in the Distributed Hydrology Model, In this paper, It is divided two parts in vertical section, they are up-ground and under-ground relating to rainfall, air temperature, evaporation and ooze hydrological model, At the same time, I integrate all indispensable data and found two databases which are geographical information database and hydrological information database, write program using computer language—VB to simulate process of isochrones of the watershed.

创建分布式水文模型的关建是建立一个合适的基于栅格单元的水文模型，本文将栅格单元在垂直方向上分为二层，即地表层和地下层，涉及到降雨、温度、植被截留、蒸散发、下渗等水文计算模型；并综合各类相关数据，建立了地信数据库和水文数据库，通过VB编程进行等时流线模拟计算。

Improving vertical resolution for density curves is by means of restructuring the response from large and small spacing sondes and borehole effect correction factor and coherence factor are used. Form the principle of GR logging, calculate volumes in investigating areas taken by borehole, formation, up and low shoulder beds, along with distance between center of gravity of the four unit bodies and detector. Based on the above, the weighting function of each unit body to GR signal contributions are established, thus realizing processing of GR logs with high resolution. The resistivity logging model uses "resolution matching" method to improve the resolution of the logs. After the process, PNN model is made to recognize the oil-gas-water bed. Compared with BPNN, the net work is featured swiftness, accuracy and ease of practical application.

提高密度测井曲线垂直分辨率是通过对重新组合长、短源距探测器响应的算法来提高补偿密度曲线的垂直分辨率，并加入井眼影响校正因子和相关性因子；自然伽马测井模型从基本原理出发，扣除井的影响，计算井筒、地层及其上下围岩所占探测球域体积及其重心到探测器的距离，以此建立各单元体对伽马测井信号贡献的权函数，通过权函数逐层计算不同厚度地层条件下各的单元体权因子，实现自然伽马曲线高分辨率处理；电阻率校正模型应用&分配率匹配&模型，应用低分辨率曲线提高为高分辨率曲线：曲线校正后，利用常规测井资料并且结合校正后的密度、伽马、电阻率等三个对判断油水层有利的指标，通过概率神经网络模型识别储层流体性质，较以前的模型，不仅极大的提高识别正确率，同时与普通神经网络相比较，提高了网络的运行速度和实用性。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。