计算公式

According to different types of abnormal pressure,computation model for quantitative control on the abnormal pressure was set up to meet the needs of efficient and safe drilling in oil-gas fields.Some important parameters were calculated that include reasonable shut-in time,maximum flowing yield and the best flowing time of the injection wells,and reasonable bottom hole flowing pressure,extra oil production and stimulation moment of the production wells.The quantitative computational methods of them were derived.Three methods were applied to one undrilled adjustment well T1 in certain oil-gas field achieving quantitative control to the abnormal pressure in the adjustment well.

考虑到油气田高效、安全钻井的需要，依据不同的压力异常类型，建立了定量控制异常压力的计算模型，确定了注水井合理关井停注时间、最大放溢量和最佳放溢时机以及生产井合理井底流压、增产量和增产时机等参数，给出了计算公式，推导出了注水井最佳关井停注时间、注水井最佳放溢量和生产井合理的增产量的定量计算方法，并通过某油气田的一口待钻调整井(T1井)对3种方法进行了验证，实现了对调整井异常高压的定量控制。

In the direct-location, with the precise model of satellite motion and its osculating parameters, a more accurate formula for the orbit calculation of satellite is obtained. Meanwhile, the determination of the position information of each pixel is more accurate with the precise model of earth shape.

二、直接定位中，通过建立精确的卫星运动轨道模型、卫星摄动模型，优选确定了卫星轨道计算公式，以提高卫星轨道计算精度；同时，采用对称椭球体的地球形态模型和融入卫星姿态的地面扫描点位置的计算方法，可使确定的地面扫描点的地理位置更精确。

This article analyzes the working theory and the working forces of the drive wheel, pyramid wheel and outer ring during the transmission process. It also deduces the practical calculation formula of the pyramid wheel type variable speed drives, it also goes on the material calculation aim at the selection parameter. It protracts the assemble-drawing of the pyramid wheel type variable speed drives and the accessory-drawing of the mostly drive component. So it can express more clearly of the structure and process planning of the variable speed drives.

本文分析了在传动过程中变速器的主动轮、菱锥、和外环的工作原理和受力关系；详细推导了实用的菱锥锥轮式无级变速器设计的计算公式；并针对设计所选择的参数进行了具体的设计计算；绘制了所计算的菱锥锥轮式无级变速器的装配图和主要传动元件的零件图，将此变速器的结构和工艺等方面的要求表达得更为清楚。

3D-CTM (Coupled Thermo-Mechanical Forming Simulation) software for precision forging process of aero-engine blade was developed. The key technologies of 3D coupled rigid-viscoplastic thermo-mechanical FEM simulation of blade forging process were studied systematically. By using the remeshing method of contracting from the boundary to the inner, new mesh system from old distorted mesh system can be obtained. A method of modifying the position of nodes touching on the die according to its original normal was proposed to avoid "dead lock" problem due to uncontinuity of normal of scatted die meshes. The pseudo-static iterative algorithm was used to simplify the coupled thermo-mechanical computation. In particular, formulations to determine relaxation factor β was established for rigid viscoplastic FEM adopting penalty function method, and an improved cubic factor rapid algorithm derived from these formulations was proposed by combining with the advantage of advance and retreat search method.

采用基于边界构形的内缩法，实现了三维畸变网格的重新划分；提出了初矢修正法对触模节点的位置进行修正，解决了由于离散的模具网格的法矢不连续造成的&死锁&问题；采用准静态迭代法简化了速度场和温度场耦合计算过程；特别是针对减速因子β的选取，建立了适用于三维复杂成形过程刚粘塑性罚函数法有限元三次因子法的计算公式，并结合进退搜索法提出了改进的三次因子快速算法，提高了模拟计算效率和稳定性，在此基础之上，开发了面向叶片精锻过程的三维刚粘塑性热力耦合有限元模拟分析系统(3D-CTM)，系统的可靠性得到了圆柱体镦粗的验证。

It effectively solves the problem of contact mechanics between burden granules. The dynamic data structure that is a linked list is built to save and delete the varying data in simulation calculation process. Therefore, the distinct element method simulation model of charging bell-less top blast furnace is established in view of the distinct element method model of blast furnace burden granular.

本文首先对离散单元法的基本原理和数值计算方法进行了系统研究，针对高炉炉料颗粒介质特点，对离散单元法进行了相应改进，建立了高炉炉料颗粒运动的离散单元法基本数学模型，推导出了相应的高炉炉料颗粒离散单元法数值计算基本参数的计算公式，例如阻尼、刚度、时步等，并确定了合理的数值模拟参数值。

On the basis of analyzing the blasting characteristics of rock at bench top in bench blasting, the paper puts forward a calculation model of the charge for blasting top rock of the hole, and then deduces an formula for calculation of stem length of hole blasting, which is available for reference in blasting design.

在分析炮孔爆破特点的基础上，提出了计算破碎炮孔顶部岩石炸药量的计算公式，据此建立了计算炮孔堵塞长度的数学模型，可供爆破设计施工时参考。

This paper analyses and calculates water coal in theory,makes out pressure date calculation formulas about water coal at discretion depth in bunker,provide theory thereunder about intensity and stiffness calculation of devices of water coal .

从理论上对水煤进行静力分析计算，推导出水煤在煤仓任意深度点的压力值计算公式，为水煤设备设计的强度及刚度计算提供理论依据。

In a word , we may get the result that the long column formula is fit for the limit bearing capacity calculation of the high strength core concrete filled steel tube long column subjected to axial compress.

这说明论文提出的临界承载力计算公式，适用于钢管混凝土轴心受压长柱的临界承载力的计算，可供设计计算时参考。

Second, to expound the performance of steel reinforced lightweight gangue concrete with no reinforcement, analyse the calculation theories of column and beam calculation formula, and finally conclude the calculation formula more appropriate to steel reinforced lightweight gangue concrete beam and column with no reinforcememt.

二、阐述了型钢混凝土的受力性能；分析了梁、柱构件的计算理论；根据我国现行规范所应用的计算理论，提出了适用于无配筋轻骨料型钢混凝土梁、柱的计算公式。

Second, considering the influence of well resistance, smear effect and structure breakage of thick soft clay, the equivalent calculation method is proposed. That is, the partially penetrating sand drain ground is viewed as the double-layered ground, and its consolidation is analyzed with 1-D consolidation theory, through the transformation from 3-D consolidation to 1-D consolidation in the region of sand drain. This can overcome the disadvantage that the excess pore water is discontinuous between the region of sand drain and under-lying soft layer. To the double-layered ground, based on the consolidation mechanism under surcharge, the excess pore water pressure calculation formula is deduced under the condition of multilevel equably loading or unloading, which perfects the consolidation theory.

然后，在充分考虑竖井区井阻、涂抹作用以及土体结构损伤破坏对固结影响的基础上，将未打穿竖井地基合理地转化为双层地基，按一维固结理论计算，克服了传统固结计算方法在竖井处理区与下卧层交界面处存在孔压间断的缺点；在此基础上，从超载预压法的基本原理出发，分析了双层地基超载预压固结、沉降机理，推导了多级等速加、卸载情况下双层地基的固结计算公式，进一步完善了双层地基固结理论。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。