计算公式

An iterative temperature field model of cylinder, in which the non-linear steam temperature distributed along axial direction, was got based on two-dimensional transient heat conduction differential equation. Analytical simulation demonstrates not only a rapid solution convergence but a minor error.

在二维圆筒壁非稳态导热的基础上，得到了圆筒壁内蒸汽沿轴向线性分布，随时间非线性变化的温度场迭代计算公式，并与有限元计算结果作了对比，结果表明所得模型计算精度高、计算速度快。

Driving force of wheel on soft lunar soil is much different with wheel on the ground of the earth.Wheel sinks and slides easily on lunar soil.The driving force formula of wheel based on Bekker formula is much complex,for forecasting driving force,curve fitting based on least squares method was introduced to simplify formula driving force.The driving force can be calculated through measuring wheel sinkage and slide.

基于Bekker轮-地力学理论的车轮驱动力计算公式复杂，不适合直接计算，为实现车轮驱动力预测，为车轮驱动力优化提供计算基础，本文采用基于最小二乘法的数据拟合方法对车轮驱动力进行数值拟合计算，为实时的车轮驱动力预测提供可行的方法，从而实现对车轮驱动力的优化。

The computational formula on pressure increment in bottomholes affected by drilling speed is deduced as well.

首先利用在钻井过程中随钻测量起钻后地面回旋的方法，自行研制开发出能够抗180℃高温，具有抗震功能的测量仪器；其次，在原有模型基础上，利用实例数据进行分析，考虑固相和多相流加速度压降的影响，研制开发了流钻欠平衡钻井环空多相流井底压力的计算模型，并推导出机械钻速影响井底压力增量的计算公式；最后，为验证模型精度，开发了钻井监测与分析计算软件，软件计算结果与实测数据叶比，误差小于3%。

The computation results show a good effect and give a reduction of errors.

计算结果表明，计算公式计算效果良好，有效的减少了计算中的误差。

Then the pile-soil stress characteristics and stabilizing mechanism of the composite foundation are fully discussed. Based on the close analysis of the influence factors of the vertical bearing capacity, circular aperture extension theory is employed to establish the computing formulas for the pile vertical stress and the foundation vertical bearing capacity, respectively. Moreover, with analyzing the features of the calculation parameters such as materials of gunite mortar, jet pressure, diameter of the jet pipe, pile length, pile layout, a design theory for chemical churning pile composite foundation is proposed. Then, the variation of the pipe deformation with loads, the deformation coordination of pile and soil are studied. And methods to decide pile-soil stress ratio and the compressive modulus are developed. Meanwhile, the corresponding design method and the design parameters are proposed. In addition, studies for construction technique and quality detection of the chemical churning pile composite foundation are presented.

在此基础上深入探讨了旋喷桩的桩土受力特性及其复合地基的加固机理，从影响旋喷桩复合地基竖向承载力的因素入手，基于圆孔扩张理论给出了桩体竖向应力及旋喷桩复合地基的竖向承载力计算公式；通过对喷射浆液、喷射压力选取、喷射直径估算、桩长及桩位设计等各种计算参数的深入分析和研究，提出了一套相应的旋喷桩复合地基设计计算方法；通过计算分析，深入探讨了旋喷桩复合地基变形随荷载变化规律、桩和桩间土变形协调关系、桩土应力比及复合地基压缩模量的确定，并提出相应的设计方法和修正参数；此外，结合工程应用，对旋喷桩复合地基的施工技术及其现场质量检测方法进行了较全面的探讨。

Based on the non-linear system and in the light of the characteristics of piecewise linearization of the bumper performance curve in the calculation of train coupling s,the calculation formulas are re-deduced by use of the basic principles of Newmark-β method.

基于非线性系统，针对列车连挂计算中缓冲器特性曲线分段线性化的特点，利用Newmark-β方法的基本原理重新推导计算公式，改进了传统的Newmark-β方法，改善了算法的稳定性，减小了计算误差，使之适用于列车连挂的计算。

In order to accurately calculate the mining induced subsidence in thick alluvium areas so as to decrease the mining damage and environment disruption,the calculation of surface subsidence caused by water loss of clay was discussed based on probability integral method and used in a real case.

为了更加精确地计算厚冲积层矿区的煤矿开采沉陷问题，减小采动损害与环境破坏，基于煤矿开采沉陷计算的概率积分法，探讨了由于黏土体失水引起的地表沉陷计算问题，推导了黏土体失水引起的地表下沉计算公式，并应用于煤矿实际地表沉陷，加以分析论证。

In order to accurately calculate the mining induced subsidence in thick alluvium areas so as to decrease the mining damage and environment disruption, the calculation of surface subsidence caused by water loss of clay was discussed based on probability integral method and used in a real case.

摘要为了更加精确地计算厚冲积层矿区的煤矿开采沉陷问题，减小采动损害与环境破坏，基于煤矿开采沉陷计算的概率积分法，探讨了由于黏土体失水引起的地表沉陷计算问题，推导了黏土体失水引起的地表下沉计算公式，并应用于煤矿实际地表沉陷，加以分析论证。

precise calculating formula is derivated to determine magnification ratio of voltage,input resistance and output resistance in amplifying circuits based on th feedback circuit model with cascade voltage.with th new calculating methods put forward by the author,it is possible to solve the problems in terms of calculation in amplifying circuits,the key problem being low level of exactness.the research shows the influence of components′ parameters of basic amplifying circuits and feedback circuits on feedback amplifying circuits.the results of the research may contribute to design amplifying circuits and electronic instrument with higher performance,due to the simpler calculation in the design of feedback circuit with cascade voltage.

摘 要：在建立电压串联反馈电路模型基础上，推导出放大电路中的电压放大倍数、输入电阻、输出电阻的精确计算公式。提出新的计算方法，从而解决了放大电路计算不方便，精确度不高、准确性不够的问题。同时进一步揭示了基本放大电路、反馈电路元件参数对反馈放大电路的影响关系。为设计出高性能放大电路及电子设备指明了方向，更加方便于电压串联反馈电路的计算。

Recursion formula of strain was developed by incremental method in condition of variable stress and constant stress in each time step separately,and calculating program was compiled,which is in agreement with test results.

分别按每个计算步长内应力为变值和常值，采用增量法推导了每个计算步长内收缩徐变的递推计算公式，并编制了相应的计算程序。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。