计算

Compared with the conventional model test method and empirical method it is found that the numerical method is more cost-effective and the method is worthy of being advertent and developed.

这一数值计算方法较之传统的实验和经验方法提高了计算分析效率、降低了成本，是一种值得重视和发展的数值计算方法。

In order to simplify the process of design, calculation and optimization of the bearing, the general method for aerostatic bearing design are presented.

三、给出气浮导轨性能计算的有限元方法和角刚度计算的误差公式，并用Matlab编写了相应的计算程序。

This paper is mainly about the research of the structure and principle of the aerostatic bearings, and gives a method of engineering calculation; two calculating programs of bearing load, stiffness and gas flow are written in C language, then detailed analysis is made according to the results.

本论文讲述了气体轴承的工作原理和结构，给出了气体轴承工程计算的方法；用C语言编程进行工程计算并分析了各几何参数和气体参数对性能参数的影响，根据分析和计算结果确定了气浮轴承的参数；利用三维造型软件Pro/ENGINEER进行了气浮台整体的结构设计。

Plant water-transpiration was obtained by the hydraulic structure and environmental parameters, and the water use efficiency gave the fresh matter production that was shared among organs according to source-sink-based allocation rules and organ expansion laws. Then the geometry of the organs was computed according to their allometric rules.

模型根据植物的水力结构和环境参数计算植物的蒸腾耗水量，由水分利用效率计算鲜物质产量，依据植物器官的源-汇关系与扩展规律进行鲜物质的分配，并利用器官的生长规则计算出它们的几何大小。

A simulation-based model is applied to describing the phased-mission system with multi-repairer. Algorithms for calculation of the optimization quantity of spare parts are provided. To examine the applicability of the method, some examples are presented in this paper. Finally, the optimization quantity of spare parts following exponential distribution are calculated with both this method and analysable method.

近年来，许多学者在这方面进行研究，如文献[1]介绍了单阶段任务条件下部件寿命服从指数分布的备件携行量计算方法；文献[2]给出了其它几种特殊分布的计算方法，但都是针对单阶段任务条件下部件不可修情况的；文献[3]给出了一种基于BDD的多阶段任务备件携行量计算方法，但仍是仅研究了指数分布、且任务期间部件不可修的情况。

The directional calculation methods of the string are also supplied on different drawing distribution cases, the segmentation of the adhered string between characters is also realized by calculating the feature vectors of the adhered local string block image and using the iteration approachment algorithm.

提出不同情况下字串的定向计算方法，通过粘连字块的特征矢量计算和迭代计算实现字块的分割。

By analyzing the physical geography, regional hydrology and geology information, and groundwater equilibrium of DunHuang Basin, this paper simulates the aquiferous layer which has the thickness of 250 m, and consider it as two dimension mixed layer which is heterosphere and isotropy.

通过敦煌盆地自然地理和区域水文地质及盆地地下水均衡分析，将250m左右深度处稳定流线以上的含水层作为数值模拟对象，概化为非均质各向同性平面二维流混合层；将研究区划分为9个参数分区，并离散为2km×2km的网格，总共划分为34行、42列，共1428个单元，其中：无效计算单元215个，有效计算单元1413个，流量计算单元45个。

The design realm in the province of Jilin, use more software is the bridge Doctor system, bridge master, system of ASBEST, procedure of QJX and province highway of Jilins survey to design the hospital to by oneself develop of the T beam plank beam painting procedure, the cover beam calculation painting procedure, a pillar calculation procedure, the upper part procedure compute a procedure mostly, even some procedures can paint, but the province painting of basic and dissatisfied foot Jilin of born diagram paper style, the diagram paper the modification quantity compare greatly, the procedure that the lower part procedure adopts to by oneself

在吉林省内设计领域，使用较多的软件是桥梁博士系统、桥梁大师、ASBEST系统、QJX程序及吉林省公路勘测设计院自行研发的T梁板梁绘图程序，盖梁计算绘图程序，桩柱计算程序，上部程序多是计算型程序，即使有些程序能够绘图，但生成图纸基本不满足吉林省绘图风格，图纸修改量较大，下部程序多采用自行编制的程序，但大多数程序是DOS系统的程序，使用不方便，同时与现行规范多有不符。

In theory, firstly, the numerical simulation methods, such as the boundary element method, the finite difference method and the finite element method, were utilized to calculate the distribution of electric field intensity and potential of the electron-gun system, the focusing system and the whole equipment, respectively. Then, the trajectories of the electron-beam were traced by using of the Runge-Kutta method and the Monte-Carlo method associatively. The point spread function was also calculated.

在理论分析中，先后采用边界元方法、差分方法、有限元方法等科学数值计算方法，编制程序，对X射线源的电子枪发射系统、聚焦系统以及发射系统与聚焦系统的组合系统等的电场分布进行了严格的计算，在准确求得各系统电场内各个剖分点的电场场强、偏导数等参量的基础上，采用蒙特-卡罗模拟方法和不等距龙格-库塔方法相结合，追踪由LaB_6单晶阴极表面发射出的大量电子束在电场内的运动轨迹，求出点扩展函数，并根据点扩展函数的优劣，反复调节、大量计算对比，挑选出X射线源最佳的电极结构及其组合。

Therefore, the method greatly improves the calculation of the axisymmetrical field. Several different cases are calculated by the method. Comparison with FEM-BEM technique shows that the present method is accurate and very efficient.

几组典型数据的计算结果与FEM-BEM组合法计算结果的比较表明，本文的方法是准确、快速的，这一计算方法的高效率使其可应用于涡流无损检测中缺陷的重构。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。