计算

Methods for calculating the optimal solution of the minimum time attitude slewing motion and the energy-optimal problems were obtained using Genetic Algorithm, which does not need initial guesses and increases the calculational efficiency.

同时，将遗传算法引入卫星姿态控制的数值计算中，求解最短时间控制问题和能量最优控制问题，发展了一种新的最优控制问题的计算方法，避免了对迭代初值进行猜测的困难，提高了计算效率。

The theoretical plasma concentration versus time was calculated for all patients on the basis of the pharmacokinetic models described by Sheiner et al. Predicted effect versus time was calculated by following the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic link model. The Ke0 was estimated by fitting a sigmoid cure. Group B was given the drug in a bolus of 2 mg.kg-1 and the Ke0 was calculated according to the method reported by Minto et al.

22例ASA ⅠⅡ级择期手术患者，A组(n=11)持续输注罗库溴铵0.03 mg·kg-1·min-1直至4个成串刺激降至20% 30%，B组(n=11)单次注射罗库溴铵2 mg·kg-1.A组血浆药物浓度用Sheiner等报道的药代动力学参数模拟计算，预测效应根据药代动力学-药效学关系公式换算，Ke0通过S型曲线拟合计算。B组采用Minto等提出的方法计算。

Contrasts static analysis and modal analysis result, the value is accordant. Modal analysis replaced static analysis to evaluate the ultimate bearing capacity of structure of the bridge is feasible.

再对模型梁分别进行非线性静力分析和动力模态分析，得到各模型梁的荷载—挠度关系曲线以及荷载—频率关系曲线，分别通过静力和动力计算数据推定各模型梁的极限承载力，并对比由静力计算结果和动力计算结果推定的极限承载力，两者是一致的。

Firstly, the 3D solid model of the analyzed object is built directly in the FEM software ANSYS 8.0 without using other CAD software. The influence of the side sizes of solid elements on computing results and the influence of coupling ways between different parts on the modal parameters are researched by simply modeling. And a new connecting method about joints in ANSYS is proposed and applied to finite element modeling of the test-bed for spindle system. Furthermore, several different computing techniques for modal parameters extraction are compared in solving the finite element model of spindle system test-bed. Many modal solutions are also done to achieve the relationships between the whole or part stiffness value and computed modal parameters. The laws about joint rigid parameters" influences on modal parameters are discussed by means of altering their values for conjoint parts. And by changing local rigid parameter values, the different location selections" influence on computed modal parameters is also studied.

本文通过使用ANSYS 8.0软件直接建立研究对象的实体结构模型，而没有借助其他的CAD软件；通过构建简单的模型研究实体单元边长大小对计算结果的影响，部件之间不同的联结方式对模态参数的影响，探讨在ANSYS中实现结合部的方法，提出一种新的联结方法，并建立主轴系统试验台的有限元模型；对建立的主轴系统试验台有限元模型求解，比较几种不同模态提取方法；通过改变结合部联结单元的刚度参数进行的计算，寻找联结刚度对模态参数变化的影响规律；改变局部联结单元的刚度参数，研究刚度值位置差异对计算模态参数的影响。

Secondly,a comparison is made between the results of three-dimension and one-dimension model of four full scale ships, based on which the modifiability of shear lag was put forward and it is proved that the modified coefficient is valid for 110,000t tanker.

然后通过用一维梁有限元方法对四条实船进行计算，和已有的三维有限元方法固有频率计算结果进行统计分析，提出了对一维梁有限元计算方法中剪切影响的修正，并用110000t油轮进行了验证。

Using the modified analytical embedded atom method, the physical properties of D03 type Fe3Al alloy, including the lattice constant, formation heat, elastic constants, phonon dispersion curves, density of states, molar heat capacity at constant volume, Debye temperature and thermal expansion, were calculated. The calculated results were compared with the experimental data and those obtained by others.

摘 要：应用改进分析型嵌入原子模型，系统地计算了D03 结构Fe3Al合金的晶格动力学性能，包括晶格常数、形成热、弹性常数、声子谱、态密度、摩尔定容热容、德拜温度和热膨胀系数等，并将计算结果与已有实验数据和其他理论计算结果进行了比较。

The numerical results presented are compared with the results obtained by the traditional method of moments. It is shown that, especially for electrically large targets, the complexity of computation is obviously reduced without sacrificing much accuracy.

将计算结果与传统矩量法计算的结果进行了比较，数值结果表明：在不影响精度的前提下，尤其是对于电大目标问题，本文方法的计算效率大大提高。

It is important to discuss the application of Monte Carlo method in the flame radiation.

讨论了蒙特卡洛法在火焰热辐射通量计算中的应用，将该方法计算结果与理论计算值和试验值作比较。

The lattice parameters in both solid solution at equilibrium andextended solid solution prepared by melt quenching seem to be predicted with moreaccuracy.By this modified model,the lattice parameters of Cu-Al,Cu-Si and Ni-Al systems solid solution at equilibrium and Ag-Sn,Ag-La and Ag-Gd extendedsolid solution were calculated.They are in better agreement with the experimentalvalues than the Moreen′s.

用本修正方法可以更准确地预测平衡固溶体和溶体淬火制备的扩展固溶体的品格常数，计算了Cu-Al，Cu-Si，Ni-Al平衡固溶体和Ag-Sn，Ag-La，Ag-Gd系扩展固溶体的晶格常数，本修正方法计算值比Moreen模型计算值与试验值相符更好。

The properties of the general linear multistep method for piecewise smooth dynamics of mechanical systems are analyzed and a picewise smooth vibration model is introduced. Some numerical experiments on the vibration model are made and several improved integration methods are presented.

采用Taylor级数展开方法，分析了常用的线性多步法在非光滑机械动力系统中的计算精度特性，建立了一个非光滑的机械振动系统检验模型，给出了典型的计算实例，并提出了几种改善计算精度的措施。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。